Ememe akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ
Ememme Sed ( ḥb-sd, mkpọ okwu nkịtị /s ɛ d / ; nke a makwaara dị ka Heb Sed ma ọ bụ Feast of the Tail ) bụ emume ndị Ijipt oge ochie nke na-eme mmemme na-aga n'ihu n'ọchịchị Fero . E wepụrụ aha ahụ n'aha chi wolf Ijipt, nke otu n'ime aha ya bụ Wepwawet ma ọ bụ Sed. Aha oriri na-adịchaghị mma, Ememme ọdụdụ, sitere na aha ọdụ anụmanụ nke a na-etinyekarị n'azụ uwe Fero n'oge mbụ nke akụkọ ntolite Egypt. Ọdụdụ a nwere ike ịbụ uwe mwụda emume gara aga nke ejiri akpụkpọ anụ zuru oke mee. [1]
Ma eleghị anya, e hiwere ememe oge ochie ahụ iji dochie ememe igbu ọchụ nke Fero nke na-enweghị ike ịnọgide na-achị nke ọma n'ihi afọ ndụ ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ya. [2] N’ikpeazụ, a na-eme ememme Sed jubilie mgbe onye ọchịchị chịchara ocheeze ruo afọ iri atọ na mgbe ọ bụla afọ atọ ruo anọ gachara. Ememme a, bụ nke bụ isi, bụ iji weghachi ikike nke ndị pharaon na echiche steeti. Ememme Sed pụtara ememe ụlọ nsọ ndị siri ike ma gụnye usoro, onyinye, na omume ofufe dị ka ememe nke iwulite djed , isi ma ọ bụ sacrum nke ọkpụkpụ azụ anụ, ihe nnọchianya nke na-anọchi anya ike, "ikike na ogologo oge nke ọchịchị Fero. ". Ememme ahụ gụnyekwara nkwenye n'ụzọ ihe atụ nke ọchịchị Fero na-achị Elu na Lower Egypt. [3] Fero ndị na-agbaso omenala omenala, ma ọ bụghị eze ogologo oge dị ka afọ 30 ga-enwe afọ ojuju na nkwa nke "nde jubilies" na ndụ mgbe a nwụsịrị.
N'agbanyeghị oge ochie nke ememme Sed na narị narị narị ndị zoro aka na ya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Egypt oge ochie, ihe ndekọ kachasị zuru oke nke ememe ahụ — ewezuga ọchịchị Amenhotep nke Atọ — sitere na "usoro enyemaka nke usoro eze nke ise nke eze Neuserra . .. n'ụlọ nsọ anyanwụ ya dị na Abu Ghurab, nke Akhenaten na East Karnak, na usoro enyemaka nke usoro eze iri abụọ na abụọ nke eze Osorkon II ... na Bubastis ."
Ememme niile n'akụkọ ihe mere eme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Alaeze ochie
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Enwere ihe akaebe doro anya maka ndị Fero oge ochie na-eme ememe Heb Sed, dị ka usoro eze mbụ Fero Den na usoro eze nke atọ pharaoh Djoser . N'ime Pyramid nke Djoser, e nwere okwute oke abụọ n'ogige Heb Sed ya, nke dị n'ime ogige pyramid ya. E gosikwara ya ka ọ na-eme Heb Sed n'ọnụ ụzọ ụgha dị n'ime pyramid ya. Nkume oke ala abụọ ahụ gaara arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe ncheta ihe atụ nke ọchịchị Djoser na-achị n’elu Ijipt na nke dị n’okpuru ala, na itinye ha n’ime ụlọ ozu ya ga-eme ka eze nọgide na-eme Hib-Sed ruo mgbe ebighị ebi mgbe ọ nwụsịrị. [4] [5]
Otu n'ime mmemme Sed mbụ nke enwere nnukwu ihe akaebe bụ na nke usoro eze nke isii nke pharaoh Pepi I Meryre na South Saqqara Stone Annal akwụkwọ, dịka akwụkwọ ahụ kwadoro ọchịchị nke dịkarịa ala afọ 40, n'agbanyeghị mmebi ya. [6] Na mgbakwunye, enwere akwa alabaster na-echeta ememme Sed mbụ nke Pepi I. [7]
N'iburu n'uche Oge Intermediate Mbụ nke na-esote, enweghi ihe ncheta dị iche iche na ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ nke ọrụ steeti etiti, na-emepụta ihe efu nke ihe àmà ọ bụla nke ememe Sed mgbe usoro nke isii gasịrị.
Alaeze etiti
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'oge ọchịchị etiti ahụ, ike nke Fero ghọziri ọzọ ma malite ịrụ ihe ncheta dịka ha na-emebu na Alaeze Ochie.
Amenemhat I, dabere n'ihe akaebe sitere na ngọngọ ntọala na pyramid ya, ọ dị ka ya na nwa ya nwoke bụ Senusret I chịrị isi. [8] Dabere na usoro oge nke ihe ncheta ahụ gosipụtara, afọ ọchịchị nke 29 nke Amenemhat M gaara abụ afọ nke iri nke ọchịchị nwa ya nwoke. [8] Ya mere, Amenemhat agaraghị m eru eru maka mmemme sed, opekata mpe n'otu ọdịnala. N'oge ọchịchị nnwere onwe ya, Senusret I bụ onye ama ama ma maka nrụnye ya nke White Chapel, ụlọ nkwakọba ihe maka icheta Heb Sed ya, na maka ememe Sed ya na-ewere ọnọdụ n'ime afọ 31st ya, na-emegide 30th ya. [9] A ga-emesịa tinye ụlọ ụka ahụ n'ime Ụlọ Nzukọ Ememme Thutmose II na Amenhotep III's Pylon nke atọ na Karnak . [9]
N’ụzọ doro anya, Amenemhat nke Abụọ, n’agbanyeghị na ọ dị ka ọ chịrị ihe dị ka afọ 35, o yighị ka ọ nwere ụdị Hib-Sed. [10]
Alaeze ọhụrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndị kasị nwee mmasị na Ememme Sed, na-ekpe ikpe site n'ihe odide ndị dị ndụ, bụ nke Amenhotep nke Atọ (ihe dị ka 1360 TOA) na Ramesses nke Abụọ (bụ ndị nwere nke mbụ n'ime ihe karịrị iri na abuo n'ihe dị ka 1249 TOA).
Ọtụtụ ndị Fero yiri ka ha si n'ọdịnala afọ 30 pụta, ọkachasị ndị Fero abụọ nke usoro eze iri na asatọ, Hatshepsut na Akhenaten, ndị ọchịchị n'usoro ndị eze na-agbake site na ọrụ ndị mba ọzọ, na-eweghachi onwe ya, na ịkọwapụta ọtụtụ ọdịnala.
Hatshepsut mere ememe jubilii Sed ya na Thebes, ma o mere nke a site n'ịgụ oge ọ bụ onye na-akwado di ya, nchọpụta ụfọdụ na-egosikwa na ọ na-egosipụta ikike a na-edobekarị maka ndị Fero n'oge ọchịchị ya, si otú ahụ na-eme ihe dị ka onye na-achị achị. karịa dị ka nnukwu nwunye eze ya, ọrụ nke e kenyere nwa ha nwanyị eze. Mgbe di ya nwụsịrị, nanị nwoke ruru eru n'ezinụlọ eze bụ nwa di ya na nwa nwanne ya bụ́ nwata. E mere ya onye mmekọ, obere oge ka nke ahụ gasịrị, e chiri ya okpueze Fero. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta Ijipt, dị ka Jürgen von Beckerath n'akwụkwọ ya Chronology of the Egypt Fero, na-eche na Hatshepsut nwere ike ime ememe jubilii Sed mbụ ya iji gosi afọ 30 site na ọnwụ nna ya, Thutmose nke Mbụ, bụ onye o si na ya nweta ihe nile. ikike ya ịchị Ijipt. Ọ họpụtala nwa ya nwanyị n'ọkwa ọchịchị kacha elu n'ọchịchị ya, na-enye ya ahụmahụ nke onye ọchịchị n'ịchị ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ọchịchị ya. Nke a na-egosipụta nkwupụta ọnụ nke ndị ụkọchukwu Amun-Re kwadoro na nna ya kpọrọ ya dịka onye nketa nke ocheeze ahụ.
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Akhenaten mere ọtụtụ mgbanwe n'omume okpukpe iji belata mmetụta nke ndị ụkọchukwu Amun - Re, bụ ndị ọ hụrụ na ọ rụrụ arụ. [11] Ndozigharị okpukpe ya nwere ike malite na mkpebi ya ime ememe Sed mbụ ya n'afọ ọchịchị nke atọ ya. Ọ pụrụ ịbụ na nzube ya bụ iji nweta uru megide ụlọ nsọ ahụ dị ike, ebe ọ bụ na ememe Sed-ememme bụ jubilii nke eze e zubere iji mee ka ike Chineke na nduzi okpukpe sikwuo ike nke Fero. N'otu oge ahụ, Akhenaten kwagakwara isi obodo Egypt gaa Tell-el Amarna . Akhenaten guzobere Tell-el Amarna maka ofufe naanị Aten, ihe Fero mere na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya, nke nwere ike ịkọwa ihe kpatara ọ ga-eji chọọ ime ka ikike okpukpe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị sie ike. Nke a dị iche na nna Akhenaten Amenhotep III, onye kwusiri ike na ọnọdụ polytheistic dị na Sed Festival nke ya. [11]
Oge etiti nke atọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A ka na-eme ememme Sed site n'aka ndị eze oge Libya mgbe e mesịrị dị ka Shoshenq nke Atọ, Shoshenq V, Osorkon I, onye nwere Heb Sed nke abụọ n'afọ nke 33 ya, na Osorkon II, bụ onye wuru nnukwu ụlọ nsọ na Bubastis zuru oke na granite na-acha uhie uhie. ọnụ ụzọ ámá e ji ihe nkiri jubili a chọọ ya mma iji na-echeta Hib-Sed nke ya
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Kamil (1996). The Ancient Egyptians: Life in the Old Kingdom. American Univ in Cairo Press. ISBN 978-977-424-392-9.
- ↑ Nock (1940). "The Sky-Religion in Egypt, Its Antiquity and Effects". The Classical Weekly 34 (5): 51. DOI:10.2307/4341020. ISSN 1940-641X.
- ↑ Van de Mieroop (2011). A History of Ancient Egypt. WileyBlackwell. ISBN 978-1-119-62089-1. OCLC 1201693532.
- ↑ Larkin (December 2001). "The Art of Ancient Egypt". African Studies Review 44 (3): 151. DOI:10.2307/525636.
- ↑ Van De Mieroop (2021-02-16). "Ancient Egypt and the Near East in World History". Journal of Egyptian History 13 (1–2): 11–28. DOI:10.1163/18741665-12340056. ISSN 1874-1657.
- ↑ (April 1901) "Sethe, Kurt (1896). Untersuchungen zur geschichte und altertumskunde Aegyptens. Institute of Fine Arts Library New York University. Leipzig, J. C. Hinrichs". The American Historical Review. DOI:10.1086/ahr/6.3.535. ISSN 1937-5239.
- ↑ Strudwick (2005). Texts from the pyramid age. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. ISBN 1-4294-1096-5. OCLC 567831809.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Arnold (January 1991). "Amenemhat I and the Early Twelfth Dynasty at Thebes". Metropolitan Museum Journal 26: 15–16. DOI:10.2307/1512902. ISSN 0077-8958.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Abdou (2012). "The Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Buildings and Site's Remains and Ruins the Justifications and an Overview of Some Practices". Journal of General Union of Arab Archaeologists 13 (1): 31–32.
- ↑ Aldred (1967). ""The Second Jubilee of Amenophis II"". Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 94 (2): 1–6. DOI:10.1524/zaes.1967.94.2.1.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Hornung (1992). "The Rediscovery of Akhenaten and His Place in Religion". Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 29: 47. DOI:10.2307/40000483. ISSN 0065-9991.
Ọgụgụ ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Hornung (2006). Neue Studien Zum Sedfest. Schwabe. ISBN 978-3-7965-2287-1.