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Extinction Rebellion

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Extinction Rebellion (nke a na-akpọ XR) bụ òtù gburugburu ebe obibi zuru ụwa ọnụ nke UK, nke ebumnuche ya bụ iji nnupụisi obodo na-enweghị ihe ike mee ka gọọmentị mee ihe iji zere mgbanwe na usoro ihu igwe, ọnwụ nke ụdị dị iche iche, na ihe ize ndụ nke ọdịda mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.[1][2][3][4][5] E guzobere Extinction Rebellion na Stroud na Mee 2018 site n'aka Gail Bradbrook, Simon Bramwell, na Roger Hallam, tinyere ndị ọzọ asatọ guzobere otu mkpọsa Rising Up![6][7][8][6][9]

Its first major action was to occupy the London Greenpeace offices on 17 October 2018,[10] which was followed by the public launch at the "Declaration of Rebellion" on 31 October 2018 outside the UK Parliament.[6][11].[12]

[13]Ná mmalite ọnwa ahụ, ihe dị ka otu narị ndị ọkà mmụta bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù maka nkwado ha.[1] Na Nọvemba 2018, a kpọchiri àkwà mmiri ise n'ofe Osimiri Thames dị na Lọndọn ka ngagharị iwe.[2] N'April 2019, Nnupụisi Mwepu weghaara saịtị ise ama ama na etiti London: Piccadilly Circus, Oxford Circus, Marble Arch, Waterloo Bridge, na mpaghara gburugburu nzuko omeiwu Square. N'August 2021, nnupụisi agaghị ekwe omume lekwasịrị London anya.

N'izo aka n'ike mmụọ nsọ sitere n'aka ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe dị ka Occupy, ndị suffragettes, na ndị na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, Extinction Rebellion na-ezube ịkụnye mmetụta nke ịdị ngwa maka igbochi "mbibi ihu igwe", yana mkpochapụ nke isii na-aga n'ihu.[13][13][13][14][15] Ọtụtụ ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe n'ime òtù ahụ nabatara njide na ịtụ mkpọrọ, dịka usoro njide nke Kọmitii nke 100 na 1961.[16] Mgbanwe ahụ na-eji elekere elekere, nke a na-akpọ hourglass, nke a maara dị ka akara mkpochapụ, iji bụrụ ịdọ aka ná ntị na oge na-agwụ ngwa ngwa maka ọtụtụ ụdị.[17][18]

Extinction Rebellion has been criticised as "environmental fanatics" who risk alienating thousands of potential supporters.[19][20] Extinction Rebellion's 2019 protests cost the Metropolitan Police an extra £7.5 million. Activists identifying with the movement have also defended causing property damage, such as smashing windows.[21][22] Extinction Rebellion has said such tactics are sometimes necessary and that they are careful not to put anyone at risk.[23] In a YouGov poll of 3,482 British adults conducted on 15 October 2019, 54% "strongly opposed" or "somewhat opposed" Extinction Rebellion's actions of disrupting roads and public transport to "shut down London" in order to bring attention to their cause, while 36% "strongly supported" or "somewhat supported" these actions.[24][25]

Ebumnuche na ụkpụrụ ndị a kpọtụrụ aha

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ebumnuche

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mgbe mmegharị ahụ gbasaa na United States, a gbakwunyere ihe ọzọ a chọrọ na ndepụta nke otu ahụ: "Anyị na-achọ mgbanwe ziri ezi nke na-ebute ndị na-adịghị ike na ọbụbụeze ụmụ amaala ụzọ; na-eguzobe nkwụghachi na ngwọta nke ndị isi ojii, ụmụ amaala, ndị na-acha uhie na obodo ndị ogbenye maka ọtụtụ afọ nke ikpe na-ezighị ezi gburugburu ebe obibi, na-eguzi ikike iwu maka usoro okike ka ọ na-eto eto ma na-eme ka ọ dịgide adịgide, ma na-edozi mmetụta nke mgbukpọ gburugburu ebe obibi na-aga n'ihu iji gbochie mkpochapụ nke mmadụ na ụdị niile, iji gbochie mbibi ndụ.[26][27]

  1. Anyị nwere otu ọhụụ nke mgbanwe - ịmepụta ụwa nke dabara adaba maka ọgbọ ndị na-abịa.
  2. Anyị setịpụrụ ebumnuche anyị n'ihe dị mkpa - ịhazi 3.5% nke ndị bi na ya iji nweta mgbanwe usoro site na iji echiche dịka "ịhazi ihe na-akpali akpali" iji nweta nke a.
  3. Anyị chọrọ ọdịbendị na-eweghachi - ịmepụta ọdịbendị dị mma, na-eguzogide, na nke na-agbanwe agbanwe.
  4. Anyị na-ama onwe anyị na usoro a na-egbu egbu aka n'ihu ọha, na-ahapụ ebe ntụsara ahụ anyị ka anyị mee ihe maka mgbanwe.
  5. Anyị na-eji ịtụgharị uche na mmụta akpọrọ ihe, na-agbaso usoro omume, ịtụgharị uche, mmụta, na atụmatụ maka ihe ndị ọzọ. Ịmụta ihe site na mmegharị na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ yana ahụmịhe nke anyị.
  6. Anyị na-anabata onye ọ bụla na akụkụ ọ bụla nke onye ọ bụla - na-arụsi ọrụ ike iji mepụta oghere dị nchebe na nke dị mfe.
  7. Anyị na-arụsi ọrụ ike iji belata ike - na-emebi usoro ọchịchị maka itinye aka n'ụzọ ziri ezi.
  8. Anyị na-ezere ịta ụta na ihere - anyị na-ebi na usoro na-egbu egbu, mana ọ dịghị onye ga-ata ụta.
  9. Anyị bụ netwọk na-adịghị eme ihe ike na-eji usoro na usoro na-adịghị ime ihe ike dị ka ụzọ kachasị dị irè iji weta mgbanwe.
  10. Anyị na-adabere na nnwere onwe na nkewa - anyị jikọtara ọnụ mepụta ihe ndị anyị chọrọ iji merie ike. Onye ọ bụla na-agbaso ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ ndị a nwere ike ime ihe n'aha Nnupụisi Mgbukpọ.[28]
  1. ↑ Iqbal. "How Extinction Rebellion put the world on red alert", The Observer, 6 October 2019. Retrieved on 19 October 2019.
  2. ↑ Corbett (8 October 2019). Extinction Rebellion movement kicks off two weeks of civil disobedience around the world. Salon. Archived from the original on 26 March 2020. Retrieved on 15 October 2019.
  3. ↑ Matthew Taylor. "'We have a duty to act': hundreds ready to go to jail over climate crisis", The Guardian, 26 October 2018. Retrieved on 17 November 2018.
  4. ↑ A Declaration of International Non-Violent Rebellion Against the World's Governments for Criminal Inaction on the Ecological Crisis. Extinction Rebellion (April 2019). Archived from the original on 28 November 2018. Retrieved on 17 April 2019.
  5. ↑ Our Demands. rebellion.earth. Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved on 16 September 2019.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Extremism Rebellion (en-GB). Policy Exchange. Retrieved on 30 September 2021.
  7. ↑ Dans. If You Haven't Heard Of Extinction Rebellion Yet, You Soon Will ... (en). Forbes. Retrieved on 30 September 2021.
  8. ↑ Green. "Extinction Rebellion: inside the new climate resistance", Financial Times, 11 April 2019. Retrieved on 10 March 2021. (in en-GB)
  9. ↑ Extinction Rebellion campaigners arrested in London. Green World (19 November 2018). Archived from the original on 11 October 2019. Retrieved on 24 November 2018.
  10. ↑ Opinion | Climate Activists Occupy Greenpeace UK Headquarters—Wait, That Can't Be Right (en). Common Dreams. Retrieved on 30 September 2021.
  11. ↑ The evolution of Extinction Rebellion (en). the Guardian (4 August 2020). Retrieved on 30 September 2021.
  12. ↑ Alison Green. "Facts about our ecological crisis are incontrovertible. We must take action", The Guardian, 26 October 2018. Retrieved on 17 November 2018.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Matthew Taylor and Damien Gayle. "Dozens arrested after climate protest blocks five London bridges", The Guardian, 17 November 2018. Retrieved on 17 November 2018. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Taylor-Gayle" defined multiple times with different content
  14. ↑ Farand. "Extinction Rebellion eyes global campaign", The Ecologist, 23 November 2018. Retrieved on 23 November 2018.
  15. ↑ "Arrests as Extinction Rebellion protests begin", BBC News – UK, 7 October 2019. Retrieved on 24 October 2019. (in en-GB)
  16. ↑ Rinvolucri (22 November 2018). 'We can't get arrested quick enough': life inside Extinction Rebellion – video. The Guardian. Archived from the original on 11 October 2019. Retrieved on 22 November 2018.
  17. ↑ Extinction Symbol. Extinction symbol information. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved on 24 April 2019.
  18. ↑ Rose. "How the symbol for extinction became this generation's peace sign", The Guardian, 16 April 2019. Retrieved on 19 April 2019.
  19. ↑ Church (5 April 2022). Dear climate activists, stop alienating the public or you might lose the battle. The Independent. Retrieved on 6 July 2022.
  20. ↑ Ingle. "Extinction Rebellion protesters are alienating workers who may otherwise support them", The Telegraph, 18 April 2019. Retrieved on 6 July 2022.
  21. ↑ Extinction Rebellion activists smash windows at Canary Wharf HSBC. BBC News (22 April 2021). Retrieved on 6 December 2021.
  22. ↑ Extinction Rebellion: Jury acquits protesters despite judge's direction. BBC News (23 April 2021). Retrieved on 6 December 2021.
  23. ↑ 'This is an act of care' - Extinction Rebellion women break windows at HSBC Canary Wharf HQ in latest action to highlight the financing of climate breakdown. Extinction Rebellion UK (22 April 2021). Retrieved on 6 December 2021.
  24. ↑ "What is Extinction Rebellion and what does it want?", BBC News, 23 August 2021. Retrieved on 23 August 2021. (in en-GB)
  25. ↑ Daily Question: 15 October 2019 (en-gb). yougov.co.uk. Retrieved on 23 August 2021.
  26. ↑ Gayle. "Does Extinction Rebellion have a race problem?", The Guardian, 4 October 2019. Retrieved on 5 October 2019.
  27. ↑ Demands. Extinction Rebellion US. Archived from the original on 2 December 2019. Retrieved on 5 October 2019.
  28. ↑ Who We Are|Why XR?|How You Can Help. Extinction Rebellion (27 December 2019). Archived from the original on 27 November 2018.
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