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Ghada Amer

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Ghada Amer (Àtụ:Lang-ar; Mee 22, 1963, ná Cairo, Ijipt[1] bụ onye na-ese ihe n'oge a, ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya na-ekwu maka okwu gbasara nwoke na nwanyị na mmekọahụ. Ọrụ ya a ma ama gụnyere ihe osise mara mma nke ukwuu nke ahụ ụmụ nwanyị na-ezo aka na foto ndị gba ọtọ.  onyonyo.

Amer si Ijipt kwaga France [2] mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu ma gụọ akwụkwọ na Paris na Nice. [3][4] Ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a na New York City.

Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Amụrụ Amer na Cairo, Egypt ọ biri na France afọ iri abụọ, ọ naghị ewere onwe ya dị ka onye Ijipt, Africa ma ọ bụ French. Mgbe ọ na-etolite na Cairo, nne ya, onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo, mere onwe ya uwe azụmahịa, ụmụ nwanyị obodo na-ezukọtakarị ịkwa akwa. Nna Amer, Mohamed Amer, bụ onye nnọchiteanya ma kwaga ezinụlọ ahụ ọtụtụ oge, ọ bụghị nanị na France kama mba ndị dị ka Libya, Morocco na Algeria. Maka ya, ikpughe a na omenala dị iche iche bụ n'ikpeazụ nkọwa akụkọ ndụ kachasị mkpa iji ghọta nka ya. Omume nka nke Amer malitere na-adọrọ adọrọ nke nwere mmetụta, kaadị ozi ihunanya na ihe atụ. Isiokwu ya masịrị ya ka bụ ihe oyiyi na-adịghị mma nke ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụ n'anya. Mgbe ọ nwesịrị nnwere onwe nka zuru oke na Egypt, Amer kpebiri ịghọ onye na-ese ihe mgbe ọ nwetasịrị ihe ọ dị ka ịchịkwa nka gị. Ghada kwuru na N'ajụjụ ọnụ, "Anyị kwesịrị ịmụta echiche, nnọchite anya, ma na-achịkwa ya kpamkpam."

Amer gụrụ akwụkwọ na Villa Arson École Nationale Supérieure d'Art na Nice, France ebe ọ natara nzere B.F.A. ya na eserese na 1986 na 1989, ọ natara akara ugo mmụta M.F.a. ya n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.   Ọ zutere onye Iran na-ese ihe Reza Farkhondeh mgbe ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na France, ha ghọrọ ndị enyi ma mesịa rụọ ọrụ ọnụ.[5][6] Mgbe ọ na-enweta akara ugo mmụta ya, Amer gụrụ akwụkwọ na mba ofesi na School of the Museum of Fine Arts na Tufts na Boston, Massachusetts na 1987.[7] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Institut des hautes études en arts plastiques ruo oge ụfọdụ.[3] N'afọ 1996, Amer na Farkhondeh kwagara New York City.[8]

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Onye na-ese ihe multimedia, a maara Amer maka ihe osise ya na-ejikọta ihe osise na ọrụ agịga.[3] Ọrụ ya na-ekwukarị okwu gbasara ụmụ nwanyị, mmekọahụ, njirimara postcolonial, na omenala Alakụba.[9] A maara ya nke ọma maka nnukwu ihe osise ya ebe a na-etinye ihe oyiyi nke ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ihe nkiri (nke sitere na magazin ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ) n'elu ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe na ihe na-acha uhie uhie na ihe na'acha uhie.[10]

Dịka nwa akwụkwọ na mmemme BFA na MFA, a gwara ya na klaasị ihe osise ụlọ akwụkwọ nka ka edobere maka ụmụ akwụkwọ nwoke, n'oge ahụ ọ gbara mbọ ịchọta asụsụ nka nke nwanyị nke ọ ga-eji na-ekwu maka ụmụ nwanyị, dịka nwanyị. “Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ, na mberede, achọpụtara m na m bụ nwanyị. Ekpebiri m ikwu banyere nke a - na ime eserese n'otu oge ahụ. Nke a bụ ihe m na-eme. Ọ na-eji akọ na uche na-ese ihe na m bụ nwanyị.' N'ịbụ onye ọhụrụ na nke na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, o ji ịkwa akwa na ịkwa akwa-nkà mmụta sitere n'aka nne ya na nne nne ya na nke a na-ejikọta ya dị ka "ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị" - dị ka onye na-eme ememe na ịkwado ụmụ nwanyị na nkà. uwa. Ụzọ Amer si abịakwute ndị na-ajụ ase na ihe ọmụmụ site n'echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-egosipụta onwe ya n'oge ọrụ ya niile.

Ọ na-achọkarị ụmụ nwanyị ndị na-eme omume agụụ mmekọahụ na/ma ọ bụ na-etinye aka n'omume ndị gba ọtọ pụtara ìhè.  Ozugbo ọ na-ahọrọ ya, ọ na-achọpụta ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na akwụkwọ Vellum na pensụl maka iji mee ihe n'ọdịnihu, mgbe ọ na-ebufe ha n'elu akwa akwa ma ọ bụ jiri ya mee ihe dị ka isi mmalite maka ọrụ na akwụkwọ.  Onye omenkà nwanyị welitere kemgbe 1970 dị ka ngwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.  Ọrụ ya bụ nwanyị, na-emebi ụdị ihe osise nke omenala nwoke, na ịjụ ụkpụrụ nke mmekọahụ nwanyị. Oeuvre ya gụnyere ihe atụ nke eserese, eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ, ịrụ ọrụ na ntinye. Mgbe Amer si na Boston lọta na France, ọ masịrị ya.  ya na Rosemarie Trockel.  "O meela nke ọma chepụtara asụsụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-eji ịkpa akwa, ọ masịrị m iji akara azụmahịa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, yanakwa." Ntugharị ala Amer n'ọtụtụ ebe na-apụta ìhè n'ọrụ ya.  Ihe osise ya na-emetụta echiche nke ịtụgharị uche na ntinye nke asụsụ nke abstraction na expressionism.  Ọrụ ya na-anakọta onyonyo "na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ezighi ezi" maka ebumnuche mgbagha.

RFGA[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ndị enyi Amer na Reza Farkhondeh jikọrọ aka na eserese na mbipụta, n'okpuru aha "RFGA" malite na mbido afọ 2000.[6][5] Amer ga-emepụta nyocha anya nke mmekọahụ ụmụ nwanyị, Farkhondeh ga-agbakwunye ihe oyiyi nke ụdị na ịma mma nke okike.[8] Njikọ ahụ malitere mgbe Farkhondeh sere ihe n'otu n'ime ihe osise Amer, ọ masịrị ya onyinye ya ma ọ bụ ezie na ọ malitere dị ka egwuregwu ọ mechara ghọọ nkwekọrịta.[2][5]

Ihe osise ndị e sere n'elu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'afọ 1991, Amer's Cinq Femmes Au Travail usoro ịdụkọta ihe iji gosi ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ndị a kpọsara maka ụmụ nwanyị na akwụkwọ akụkọ - nlekọta ụmụaka, nhicha ụlọ, na isi nri. A na-arụ quadriptych dị ka eserese nke ọma nke ọma na akwa akwa akwa na-enweghị isi. Nke a bụ mgbanwe maka Amer n'ihi na site na iji embroidery na gel na kwaaji dị ka onye na-emepụta ya, ọ na-etolite asụsụ nwanyị nke ya nke eserese.Cinq Femmes Au Travail na-amalite usoro dị iche iche. ọrụ akụkọ nke na-egosi ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ kwa ụbọchị ma ọ bụ ihe omume quotidian, na-egosi mmasị Amer nọgidere na-enwe n'isiokwu nke "ụmụ nwanyị na-agwụ ike" dị ka o si kọwaa ya. N'afọ 1993, mmasị Amer nwere n'ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị na foto ụlọ kwụsịrị na mberede. Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, ọ malitere igosi ihe ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, ihe oyiyi nke ndị inyom gba ọtọ na-enwe obi ụtọ ma ọ bụ na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ ịkwatu echiche nke nrigbu na ihe na-adịghị mma bụ nke e jikọtara ya na ihe oyiyi ndị a ogologo oge. “Mmekọahụ na-adị m n'obi mgbe niile n'ihi na mmadụ ekwesịghị ichefu na m si n'obodo ebe mmekọahụ na-adịghị mma na ọ dịghị mgbe ọ bụla a kpọtụrụ aha ya. Ma ebe ọ bụ na ihe ọ bụla a machibidoro iwu na-achọsi ike mgbe niile, ọ na-amasị m mgbe niile n'echiche a. N’ihi ya, ikwu okwu banyere ịhụnanya n’ihe osise m na-egosi na ọ bụ akụkụ mmekọahụ.” N’afọ 2000, ọ gara n’ihu n’ọrụ ya na-ewepụta foto ụmụ nwanyị na magazin ndị dị ka Hustler na Club. N'ime ọrụ ndị dị ka Coleurs Noires na The Slightly Smaller Colored Square Painting ọ chọtara ma kpachie ọnụ ma ọ bụ na-akpachapụ anya ma ọ bụ kechie ọnụ ma kpuchie ihe onyonyo na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ n'azụ eriri gbagọrọ agbagọ na ọkara gel. Ọ kọwara na "ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ bụ mmalite nke ihe oyiyi ahụ, mgbe ahụ ọ na-aghọ ihe ọzọ." Nlegharị anya ya nke ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, nke sitere n'ọdịnala nke ndị nwoke na-eme maka ụmụ nwoke, na-egosi ọchịchọ na echiche efu nke nwanyị. Mgbanwe n'usoro nke abụọ na ọrụ Amer, nke enwere ike jikọta ya na mmasị mbụ ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ịma mma nke ederede ederede na nke e biri ebi, jiri ihe ọkpụkpụ na nrụnye kpuchie ya na ederede ugboro ugboro.

Ọ bụ ezie na a maara ya nke ọma maka ihe osise ya, Amer na-arụkwa ọrụ na obibi akwụkwọ, eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ na ntinye. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'afọ 2001, Ghada Amer mepụtara Encyclopedia of Pleasure, ihe a tụrụ atụ nke nwere igbe iri ise na anọ, nke e ji ákwà kpuchie, ma jiri ederede gbasara ịma mma na mmekọahụ ụmụ nwanyị chọọ ya mma. Ntinye ahụ nwere aha na ederede Arabic nke narị afọ nke iri na abụọ nke Ali Ibn Nasr Al Katib, [4] akwụkwọ edemede na akwụkwọ ahụike nke na-edepụta obi ụtọ mmekọahụ maka ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị nke e mepụtara n'oge ọganihu nke ọdịbendị Alakụba, mana a machibidoro Encyclopedia of Pleasure taa. Iji mee ọrụ ahụ, Amer họọrọ akụkụ nke ederede na-ekwu maka mmekọahụ na ịma mma ụmụ nwanyị. Mgbe ahụ, o ji eriri ọla edo chọọ ya mma n'elu igbe iri ise na anọ e ji ákwà kpuchie.[11] Ihe atụ ọzọ nke ihe ọkpụkpụ ya bụ 100 Words of Love . Ọ bụ ihe a kpụrụ akpụ, nke na-emeghe, nke nwere ihe dị larịị, nke na'usoro, nke na na-asọ asọ nke bụ, n'ezie, otu narị okwu dị iche iche maka ịhụnanya n'asụsụ Arabic, nke edekwara na edemede Arabic.[12] Ikekwe ọ dabara adaba, ebe ọ bụ na Amer ka nọ n'oge mbụ nke ịchọpụta ohere nke asụsụ ọhụrụ ya, na 100 Words of Love, Baiser # 1 na Baiser # 2, na Blue Bra Girls na-atụ aro ụzọ dị iche iche nke njikwa akara, ọdịdị, na agba nwere ike ịpụta mmetụta na-enweghị njedebe nke nhazi na imewe, ọbụlagodi n'ime njedebe nke usoro globular.[3] N'ịgbaso omume nka nke ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ 1970, ọ sụgharịrị ọrụ nka nke ụmụnwaanyị n'ụdị nka nke na-enwekarị, n'ime oghere nke ákwà ahụ, agbata obi anya na-enweghị atụ. Ihe osise na ihe osise ọhụrụ ya chọrọ echiche dị iche na isiokwu a, kpọmkwem n'ihi na usoro ịkpụ ọ chọrọ bụ ọrụ nwoke.[3] Iji jide n'aka, ojiji o ji resin, stainless steel, na nchara kpụọ iji mee ihe ndị a anaghị atụ aro ụdị ntinye aka dị egwu na nka nke ihe ngosi ya mere na ihe osise ya afọ iri gara aga.[3][12]

Nrụnye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

O mepụtala ọrụ ọha dịka Love Park (1999) na Santa Fe, New Mexico. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ọrụ ubi ya, usoro nrụnye n'èzí ọ malitere dị ka mgbalị iji tụgharịa uche ya banyere "ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị" site na ịcha akwa na akwa akwa gaa n'èzí, ihe ọkpụkpụ yiri ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, àgwà ụmụ nwanyị nwere ihe odide floral na akwa ifuru asatọ. na ala nke Metropolitan Art Museum. Amer jụrụ ndị na-agafe n'akụkụ ebe ngosi nka ụdị àgwà ha ga-enye ụmụ nwanyị. Okwu ndị dị ka “docile,” “dị ụtọ,” “ịta ụta ogologo oge,” na “amaghị nwoke” bụ okwu ole na ole a na-ejikarị akọwa “àgwà ụmụ nwanyị.” N'ịgbaso ihe omume nke Septemba 11, 2001, ọrụ Amer malitere inyocha isiokwu ebubo nke iyi ọha egwu Islam. Asụsụ ụjọ (2005) nwere akwụkwọ ahụaja pink na-egbuke egbuke nke e ji okpu ọla edo chọọ ya mma na ụkpụrụ lattice nke o denyere ọtụtụ nkọwa nke okwu iyi ọha egwu. N'asụsụ Arabic, enweghị nkọwa nke iyi ọha egwu. O mere efere, iko, akwa akwa, na tray liner nwere nkebi ahịrịokwu bụ "Edeghị egwu egwu n'akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Arabic." La Salon Courbé (2007) lebara isiokwu ndị yiri nke ahụ anya. Ọ rụnyere ụlọ ịse ihe ịchọ mma nke a na-ahụkarị n'ụlọ ndị mara mma n'ofe Ijipt. Otú ọ dị, ọnọdụ ụlọ ahụ adịghị amasị ka o si yie. Edere ụkpụrụ nke kapeeti ahụ na naanị Arabic pụtara okwu iyi ọha egwu nke Amer nwere ike ịchọta. Nkuchi Amer nke ụmụ nwanyị gba ọtọ ma ọ bụ ọkara gba ọtọ dị ka ihe osise na-emegharị ugboro ugboro na ọrụ ya na-ewere akụkụ echiche na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bụ ihe ọ bụla ma ọ bụghị akọ. ma ọ bụ ihe mgbagwoju anya.[13]

N'ime ọrụ ya nke karịrị afọ iri abụọ, ọrụ Amer na-ekwu maka ụmụ nwanyị na echiche ndị metụtara ụmụ nwanyị, yana njirimara ndị America na ndị Alakụba. N'agbanyeghị ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọzụzụ Alakụba ya na ụdị omume ọdịda anyanwụ, ọrụ Amer na-ekwu maka nsogbu zuru ụwa ọnụ, dị ka mmegbu ụmụ nwanyị, nke jupụtara n'ọtụtụ ọdịbendị. "Anọ m na Cairo n'etiti ọnwa Ọgọstụ [1988] ma mụ na nne m nọ n'etiti obodo mgbe m hụrụ magazin a na-akpọ Venus. Ọ dọtara uche m n'ihi na mkpuchi ya na-agụ: "Mbupụta pụrụ iche maka ụmụ nwanyị kpuchiri ekpuchi - ọnwa Ọgost. "Afọ 1980 niile bụ nnukwu ihe na-adọta maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'Ijipt. N'oge okpomọkụ ọ bụla m nọ n" Ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke ụmụ nwanyị kpuchie ekpuchi ekpuchi ekpuru ekpuchi.[13] Ọrụ Amer na-agbaso ọdịnala nke oge a nke omume nkatọ megide ikpuchi, nke, dị ka Qassem Amin, Huda Sha'rawi, na Duriyah Shafiq rụrụ ụka ọtụtụ iri afọ tupu, na-anọchite anya ihe nnọchianya a na-ahụ anya nke ike ndị a na-emegide nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị.[1] Site n'ịgba ụmụ nwanyị ume iji ahụ ha mee ihe dị ka ụgbọ njem ntụrụndụ na ngwá ọrụ ike, Amer na-ejikọ onwe ya na ụdị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwoke na nwanyị nke aha ya ka na-ese okwu. Mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ ya Third Wave Feminism ma ọ bụ Postfeminism, ma ọ bụ katọọ ya dị ka ọ dịghị nwanyị ọ bụla, ọchịchọ iweghachite mmekọahụ nke ahụ nwanyị maka obi ụtọ nwanyị anọwo na-enweta ego na nkatọ nwoke na nwanyị nke Anglo-American. N'inwe olile anya ịgafe ọdịnala mara mma (nke mbụ Laura Mulvey chọpụtara) nke ụmụ nwoke bụ ndị na-ebu anya na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ na ụmụ nwanyị naanị ihe ya, ndị nkatọ achọtala iweghachi mmekọahụ n'ime isiokwu nwanyị. N'afọ ndị 1990, Johanna Drucker, Amelia Jones, na Mulvey n'onwe ya, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, choro ụzọ ọhụrụ iji chee echiche banyere obi ụtọ anya n'enweghị ịchụ mmekọahụ nwanyị n'àjà. N'ịgafe voyeurism iji nabata ngosipụta, Amer kwuru, "Echere m na ụmụ nwanyị na-amasị igosi ahụ ha na ụmụ nwoke na-achọ ile ha anya. [N'ọrụ ndị a] enwere ihe na-ezo aka na masturbation maka ụmụ nwanyị, na ntụrụndụ. " Nrubeisi nke ụmụ nwanyị na ọchịchị aka ike nke ndụ ụlọ, ememe nke mmekọahụ na obi ụtọ, enweghị nghọta nke ịhụnanya, nzuzu nke agha na ime ihe ike, na ịchọ mma n'ozuzu ya, mejupụtara ókèala nke ọ na-enyocha ma gosipụta na nka ya. [9][14]

Ihe ngosi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ihe ngosi onwe onye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

E gosila ọrụ Amer n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi solo n'ebe ndị dị ka Cheim & Read, New York; Deitch Projects, New York; P.S.1 Contemporary Art Center, New York; nke 2000 Gwangju Biennale, South Korea; SITE Santa Fe, New Mexico; 1999 Venice Biennale; Gagosian Gallery, London; na Gagosian Gallery, Beverly Hills. Ọ bụ onye mbụ Arab omenkà nwere ihe ngosi otu onye na Tel Aviv Museum of Art.

A na-eji nkọwa nke ọrụ ya, Knotty but Nice, mee ihe na mkpuchi nke mbipụta September 2006 nke magazin ARTnews, dị ka akụkụ nke nleba anya na nkà agụụ mmekọahụ. Ụfọdụ ihe ngosi nke solo ya gụnyere 1996 Hanes Art Center, UNC-Chapel Hill. , 2001 Ghada Amer: Ụtọ, Contemporary Art Museum, Houston, na 2004 Valencia, Spain, na 2007 Ghada Amer na Reza Farkhondeh: Ihe osise na-emekọ ihe ọnụ, Kukje Gallery na Seoul.

N'afọ 2010 Amer na Farkhondeh gosipụtara The Gardens n'akụkụ ya na Galeria na Lisbon, Portugal.

Ghada Amer gosipụtara na Montreal's Musee d'Art Contemporain na 2012.

Amer gosipụtara Rainbow Girls na Cheim & Read, New York na 2014 [15] Ọrụ a nwere ọtụtụ ọkwa gụnyere ihe ọkpụkpụ ọla mara mma yana ihe ịchọ mma na ákwà. Ọrụ a sitere na calligraphy site na ederede Arabic gaa na mkpụrụedemede 'nke oge a' nke a kpara iji mepụta tapestries nke 'ụmụ agbọghọ Rainbow' bụ ndị a na-akpọ ihe ngosi ahụ.

Amer gosipụtara nchịkọta nke ọrụ ite na Dallas Contemporary na 2018. A kpọrọ ihe ngosi ahụ Ceramics, Knots, Thoughts, Scraps.[16][17][18][19]

Amer gosipụtara na Cheim & Read na London na 2018.[20]

Amer's Women I know, Part I gosipụtara na Kewenig Gallery na Berlin, Germany na 2021. Ihe ngosi a gụnyere ọrụ ite na foto nke ụmụ nwanyị Amer maara.[21]

Ọzọkwa na 2021, ndị otu ọha na eze lere ihe ngosi nke Women's Qualities, ihe ngosi nke bio art / landscape / 'sculpture park' na Sunnylands Center na Gardens na ndagwurugwu Coachella nke California.[22]

N'afọ 2022, Ghada Amer gosipụtara My Body, My Choice na Goodman Gallery na London.[23] Ihe ngosi a mikpuru ọha na eze na mmasị nka dị iche iche nke Amer. Ihe ngosi ubi nke gosipụtara itinye ego Amer na nka okike ma ọ bụ nka ndụ na ihe osise nwere ahịrịokwu ndị a chọrọ mma na-enyocha ihe onye na-ese ihe kpọrọ, "ịlaghachi azụ nke ikike ụmụ nwanyị" [1][23]

Ihe ngosi ìgwè[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ otu ya gụnyere New York; 1997 Johannesburg Biennale, 2000 Whitney Biennial, 2006 Without Boundary: Seventeen Ways of Looking, Museum of Modern Art, New York, 2008 Demons, Yarns and Tales: Tapestry by Contemporary Artists, The Dairy, London, 2009 Against Exclusion, 3rd Moscow Biennale.[7]

N'afọ 2003, ọrụ Amer gụnyere n'ịchọ ụzọ abụọ a: Art of the Contemporary African Diaspora na Museum for African Art na Queens. Na mbido 2008, e gosipụtara nlegharị anya ọrụ ya, nke Maura Reilly mere, na Brooklyn Museum of Art, na ebe ngosi nka Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art. N'otu afọ ahụ, e gosipụtara ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ Chiara Clemente "Nrọ Obodo Anyị". Na 2014 na 2015, ọrụ ya gụnyere na ihe ngosi njem "The Divine Comedy: Heaven, Purgatory and Hell Revisited by Contemporary African Artists" nke Simon Njami chepụtara.'i[24]

Nkwado na onyinye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

2009: Artist-in-Residence, Leroy Nieman Center for Print Studies, Columbia University, New York 2008: Artist-in-Residence, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Artist-in-Residence, Pace Prints Chelsea, New York 2007:  Smithsonian Artist Research Fellowship Programme, Washington, D.C., Artist-in-Residence, Singapore Tyler Print Institute, Singapore 2005: Artist-in-Residence, H&R Block Artspace na Kansas City Art Institute, Kansas City, Missouri 1999: Artist-in-Residence  , Ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, UNESCO Prize, 48th International Art Exhibition, La Biennale di Venezia, Venice, Italy 1997: Pollock-Krasner Foundation Grant, New York> 1996: Artist-in-Residence, University of North Carolina  , Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze

Nchịkọta ọha na eze[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Ụlọ Ọrụ Nkà nke Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States[25]
  • Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, Alabama, United States [1][25]
  • Centre Pompidou, Paris, France[1][25]
  • Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, Michigan, United States
  • Fond National d'Art Contemporain (FNAC), Paris, France[2][26]
  • Fonds Régional d'Art Contemporain (FRAC), Auvergne, France [2][26]
  • Fonds Régional d'Art Contemporain (FRAC), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France [2][26]
  • Guggenheim Museum, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Ermites (UAE) [2][26]
  • Hood Art Museum, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States [2][26]
  • Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States [2][26]
  • Israel Museum, Jerusalem, Israel[2][26]
  • LaM Museum, Lille Métropole Musée d'Art Moderne, d'Art Contemporain et d'Art Brut, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France[2][26]
  • Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States[27]
  • Ebe ngosi nka Kunstpalast, Düsseldorf, Germany[1][25]
  • Neuberger Berman Art Collection, New York City, New York, United States[2][26]
  • Sammlung Goetz, Munich, Germany[2][26]
  • Samsung Museum of Art, Seoul, South Korea[1][25]
  • Speed Art Museum, Louisville, Kentucky, United States [2][26]
  • Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv, Israel[1][25]
  • Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, Bentonville, Arkansas, United States [2][26]

Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. (2019) Great women artists. Phaidon Press. ISBN 978-0714878775. 
  2. About. Ghada Amer. www.ghadaamer.com [artist's website]. Archived from the original on 2016-10-02. Retrieved on 2016-10-04.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Okeke-Agulu. Amer, Ghada. Grove Art Online. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 13 July 2021. Retrieved on 8 March 2015.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Posner (2013). "Bad Girls: Ghada Amer", in Heartney: The Reckoning: Women Artists of the New Millennium. New York: Prestel, 24–29. ISBN 978-3-7913-4759-2. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Walsh (2009). The Thread of Painting (en). Border Crossings Mag, Volume 11. Retrieved on 2020-09-10.
  6. 6.0 6.1 Ghada Amer & Reza Farkhondeh (en). Institute of Contemporary Art Indian Ocean (ICAIO). Retrieved on 2020-09-10.
  7. 7.0 7.1 Reilly (2010). Ghada Amer. Gregory R. Miller & Co., New York. ISBN 978-0-9800242-0-3. 
  8. 8.0 8.1 Variations on a difficult blue (en-ZA). The Mail & Guardian (2018-01-19). Retrieved on 2020-09-10.
  9. 9.0 9.1 Auricchio (Winter 2001). "Works in Translation: Ghada Amer's Hybrid Pleasures". Art Journal 60 (4): 26–37. DOI:10.1080/00043249.2001.10792091. ISSN 0004-3249. 
  10. Guralnik (2010-04-15). "Love Has No End: Ghada Amer" (in en). Studies in Gender and Sexuality 11 (2): 101–110. DOI:10.1080/15240651003666490. ISSN 1524-0657. 
  11. Heartney. Reckoning: Women Artists of the New Millennium. Prestel, 24–29. 
  12. 12.0 12.1 Okeke-Agulu (2013-03-01). "Ghada Amer's New Sculpture" (in en). Nka: Journal of Contemporary African Art 2013 (32): 30–35. DOI:10.1215/10757163-2142350. ISSN 1075-7163. 
  13. 13.0 13.1 Okeke-Agulu (2009). "Politics by Other Means: Two Egyptian Artists, GAZBIA SIRRY and GHADA AMER" (in en). Nka: Journal of Contemporary African Art 2009 (25): 8–29. DOI:10.1215/10757163-2009-25-8. ISSN 1075-7163. 
  14. Ozler (1 January 2008). Ghada Amer: Love Has No End. Dexigner. Archived from the original on 14 January 2017. Retrieved on 8 March 2015.
  15. Ghada Amer by Cheim Read - Issuu. issuu.com (3 April 2014). Retrieved on 2022-09-21.
  16. Goodman Gallery. www.goodman-gallery.com. Retrieved on 2022-09-21.
  17. Ceramics, Knots, Thoughts, Scraps - Dallas Contemporary - Other Exhibitions - Tina Kim Gallery. www.tinakimgallery.com. Archived from the original on 2022-09-21. Retrieved on 2022-09-21.
  18. Zech. Ghada Amer: Ceramics, Knots, Thoughts, and Scraps (en-US). Glasstire. Retrieved on 2022-09-21.
  19. Ceramics, Knots, Thoughts, Scraps. www.artforum.com. Retrieved on 2022-09-21.
  20. Ghada Amer - Artists - Cheim Read. www.cheimread.com. Retrieved on 2022-09-21.
  21. Exhibitions (en-US). Ghada Amer. Retrieved on 2022-09-21.
  22. Ghada Amer, Women's Qualities, 2020 (en). Marianne Boesky Gallery. Retrieved on 2022-09-21.
  23. THE DIVINE COMEDY: Heaven, Purgatory and Hell Revisited by Contemporary African Artists. Exhibitions. Savannah College of Art and Design. Retrieved on 8 March 2015.
  24. 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.5 Ghada Amer: Biography. Brooklyn Museum. Retrieved on 1 February 2014.
  25. 26.00 26.01 26.02 26.03 26.04 26.05 26.06 26.07 26.08 26.09 26.10 26.11 Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named AmerBio
  26. LES FLÂNEUSES, Ghada Amer ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art. collections.artsmia.org. Retrieved on 2018-03-08.

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]