Harriet Ward
| ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| Aha enyere | Harriet |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Ward |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1808 |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 1873 |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | Odee akwụkwọ |
| nnọchiaha nkeonwe | L484 |
Harriet Ward née Tidy (1808 - 1873), bụ onye odee Britain nke a na-ewere ọrụ ya mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka akwụkwọ South Africa. O biri na Cape Colony afọ ole na ole na akwụkwọ ndị a kacha mara amara na-edobe ebe ahụ: afọ ise na-abụghị akụkọ ifo na Kaffirland na akụkọ ifo Jasper Lyle, akwụkwọ akụkọ Bekee mbụ e debere kpamkpam na South Africa. [1] O dekwara akụkọ maka ndị agha na-ege ntị, nke na-adịghị ahụkebe maka nwanyị oge ahụ. Edemede ya kpalitere mkparịta ụka banyere ma ọ kwenyere n'ụzọ zuru ezu na àgwà ndị ọchịchị Britain.
Ndụ onwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Amụrụ ya na Thorp, Norfolk na 1808 nye Colonel na Oriakụ Francis Skelly Tidy, née Miss Pinder, ada onye ọka ikpe Barbados . [2] Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na France na London ọ lụrụ John Ward n'afọ 1831. Ọ bụ onye ọrụ agha si Waterford, Ireland na nwunye ya so ya na mgbasa ozi dị iche iche. Ha nwere otu nwa nwanyị aha ya bụ Isabel. Ezinụlọ ahụ biri ọnụ na St Helena na ngwụcha 1830s. N'afọ 1842, ha si na Cork gaa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Cape ma nọrọ afọ ise na ndị Britain na-achị ebe ahụ, na Fort Peddie na Grahamstown, na nke a na-akpọ "Ceded Territory" . Ward laghachiri Britain n'afọ 1848. [3] Nke a bụ mgbe ọ malitere ibipụta akwụkwọ ndị dị ogologo, na-ewuli elu na akụkọ ndị gara aga na obere akụkọ. Ndị Ward nwere ike biri na Dover tupu ha akwaga Boulogne-sur-Mer n'ihe dịka 1851, mana nkọwa akụkọ ndụ dị ntakịrị. [2] Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1873.
Edemede izizi ya bụ na United Service Journal na Akwụkwọ akụkọ Naval na Military na mbido mgbe afọ 1840s. Ọ malitere na akụkọ gbasara nna ya ma mesịa nye aka akụkọ banyere agha na ndụ na "Kaffirland", [2] aha Britain maka mpaghara Cape Colony na-esi na Kaffraria ruo Albany . (Aha ahụ gbadoro ụkwụ na okwu Kaffir nke ndị Briten ji akọwa ụmụ amaala mpaghara ahụ. ) Ward mepụtara olu nwere ikike ma bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ a na-ewere ọrụ ha dị ka akụkọ agha kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi. [2] Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe odide o mere n'afọ 1846 n'afọ 1847 tọrọ ntọala akwụkwọ nke pụtara obere oge ka ọ bịarutere England n'afọ 1848: Afọ ise na Kaffirland: na ihe osise nke agha ikpeazụ na mba ahụ ruo ọgwụgwụ nke udo: e dere na ebe ahụ.
A nabatara akwụkwọ a nke ọma n'oge mmasị ọha na eze na " Agha Kaffir " ma ọ bụ Agha Axe. [4] wee gbaga na mbipụta atọ. N'otu afọ ahụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke Ward, Helen Charteris, ka e bipụtara ma onye nyocha mere mkpesa na isi okwu ịhụnanya bụ "nke na-ekpuchi" site na sub-plots. [5] Afọ atọ ka e mesịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ Jasper Lyle: akụkọ banyere Kafirland (sic) nwere ihe ịga nke ọma ma kọwaa ya na Morning Post dị ka "eziokwu na nke a ma ama" na "ikwesị ntụkwasị obi na vivacity" na nkọwa ya nke "ndụ na ọdịdị Kaffir", " na-enye ya ugbu a mmasị pụrụ iche." [6] Nke a gbakwara na mbipụta atọ, gbakwunyere abụọ ọzọ n'afọ 1870 mgbe Ward nwụsịrị na obere oge tupu Agha Zulu, mgbe mmasị United Kingdom na South Africa dị elu. [2]
Nkọwa ndị nkatọ banyere echiche Ward n'ozuzu ha dịgasị iche iche. [2] Ụfọdụ na-ele ya anya dị ka "onye na-agbasa echiche nke ọma" [3] maka ọchịchị alaeze ukwu Britain, karịsịa na akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na-abụghị akụkọ ifo banyere colonial South Africa, ebe ndị ọzọ na-ahụ àgwà ndị dị mgbagwoju anya karị, dịka ọmụmaatụ mgbe dike Helen Charteris na-eme enyi na nwa agbọghọ Creole . Ụfọdụ kwenyere na Ward nwere mmetụta na ọ nweghị ike ikwupụta echiche na-adịghị mma n'ihu ọha ma ọ bụ nwee àgwà na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ n'amaghị ama nke ọma. [2] A tụkwara aro na ọ na-enye " nkatọ ekpuchiri ekpuchi" [7] ma ọ bụ ọbụna kpachapụrụ anya na-ekwupụta "mgbagwoju anya nke ọchịchị colonial". [8] Otu onye nkatọ chere na o dere na mbụ ya na "nkwenye zuru oke na ajọ mbunobi nke oke" mana emesia kpughee "enweghị nkwekọrịta dị egwu" na nke a n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ya. [9]
Họrọ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Akwụkwọ ya dị n'ịntanetị[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Afọ ise na Kaffirland: na sketches nke mbubreyo agha na mba ahụ, ruo ọgwụgwụ nke udo. Edere ya n'ebe ahụ. (1848)
- Ihe ncheta nke onye agha ochie. Eserese akụkọ ndụ nke Colonel Tidy nwụrụ anwụ, CB, 24th Regiment, nwere akụkọ gbasara ndị ha na ya dịkọrọ ndụ. (1849)
- Jasper Lyle, akụkọ nke Kafirland . (1851)
Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Helen Charteris (1848)
- Hester Fleming: ezi mkpụrụ na ụfọdụ mkpụrụ ya (1854)
- Lizzy Dorian, nwunye onye agha (1854)
- Hardy na Hunter (1858)
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Works by Harriet Ward at Project Gutenberg
- ↑ Bernard Botes Krüger (13 September 2013). FOREIGN VOICES: Lessons From Colonial Era Literature About Rendering Multilingual Dialogue. Xlibris Corporation, 158–. ISBN 978-1-4836-8927-2.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Valerie Letcher, "Harriet Ward: Trespassing Beyond the Borders", English in Africa, Vol. 26, No. 1 (May 1999), pp. 1–16.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gillian Vernon, "The attitudes of four women to class and race on the Eastern Cape Frontier, 1843–1878"
- ↑ "THE WAR IN KAFFIRLAND", John Bull, 6 May 1848, p. 297.
- ↑ "Helen Charteris. A Novel", John Bull, 18 November 1848, p. 743.
- ↑ LITERATURE, The Morning Post, 25 Sep 1851, p3
- ↑ David Attwell (12 January 2012). The Cambridge History of South African Literature. Cambridge University Press, 285–287. ISBN 978-1-316-17513-2.
- ↑ W. Jacobson (10 October 2000). Dickens and the Children of Empire. Springer, 148. ISBN 978-0-230-29417-2.
- ↑ Malvern Van Wyk Smith, "Romancing the East Cape Frontier: Prelude to the South African High Romance of Empire", English in Africa, vol. 24, no. 2, 1997, pp. 1–14.