Idei Mmiri Mozambique nkè afọ 2000

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Idei mmiri nke Mozambique nkè afọ 2000 bụ ọdachi na-emere onwe ya nké méré n'ọnwa Febụwarị na Machị n'afọ 2000. Nnukwu mmírí ozuzo sitere na nnukwu mmírí ozuzo nkè Cyclone Leon-Eline kpatara nké wéré izu anọ ma mee ka ọtụtụ ndị ghara inwe ébé obibi. Ihe dị ka mmadụ narị asatọ nwụrụ, 1400 km2 nké ala a na-akọ ugbo metụtara na puku iri abụọ ehi na nri furu efu. Ọ bụ idei mmiri kachasị njọ na Mozambique n'ime afọ irí ise. Gọọmentị Mozambique kesara nde dọla iri na ise nye ụmụ amaala ya iji kọwaa mmebi ihe onwunwe na mfu ego.

Akụkọ ihu igwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'ọnwa Ọktoba na Nọvemba 1999, nnukwu mmiri ozuzo metụtara Mozambique, ógè nnukwu mmiri ozu sochiri n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2000.[1] Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha ọnwa Jenụwarị 2000, mmiri ozuzo ahụ mèrè ka osimiri Incomati, Umbeluzi, na Limpopo gafee osimiri ha, na-ekpuchi akụkụ nke isi obodo Maputo.[2] Na Chókwè, Osimiri Limpopo ruru ọkwa nke mita isii (20 ) n'ubochi irí abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Jenụwarị, okpukpu abụọ nkè ọkwa ya.[3] Ébé ụfọdụ nwetara mmiri ozuzo ruru otu afọ n'ime izu abụọ.[4] A na-ewere idei mmiri ahụ mèrè ka ọ bụrụ nke kachasị njọ na-emetụta mba ndị ahụ kemgbe afọ 1951.

Idei mmiri bidoro ịla n'iyi na ngwụcha ọnwa Febụwarị n'oge Cyclone Eline rutere n'ala.[5] Eline bụ oké ifufe na-ekpo ọkụ nke na-adịte aka nke kụrụ nso Beira na oke ike n'ubochi irí abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2000, a na-ewère ọnọdụ ahụ dị ka ọdachi kachasị njọ na mba ahụ n'ime otu narị afọ.[6]

Mmetụta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha ọnwa Febụwarị, idei mmiri ahụ emeela ka ịba na afọ ọsịsa rịa elu. Idei mmiri mebiri inye mmiri na okporo ụzọ kpuchiri, ébé ụzọ awara awara si n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda bepụrụ n'ebe atọ.[3][7] Mmiri rikpuru ébé ndị dị n'ọtụtụ ébé, nke chụpụrụ ihe dị ka mmadụ narị puku abụọ na iri abụọ , ma gbuo ihe dị ka ndị mmadụ otu narị na iri ise tupu Eline awakpo.[4][8]

Mmetụta nke idei mmiri gara aga na Eline mèrè ka ihe dị ka mmadụ narị anọ na iri isii na atọ gbapụ ma ọ bụ ghara inwe ébé obibi, gụnyere ụmụaka puku iri anọ na isii dị afọ ise ma ọ bụ karịa.[9][10] N'ozuzu, idei mmiri gara aga na Eline kpatara ihe dị ka ọnwụ narị asaa, ọkara na Chokwe. na mmebi e mèrè atụmatụ na narị dollar ise nde (puku dollar abụọ).[11][12] Oké ifufe na idei mmiri ahụ mebiri ọtụtụ ọganihu akụ na ụba Mozambique mèrè n'afọ 1990s kemgbe njedebe nke agha obodo ya.[13]

Ihe si na ya pụta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Tupu Eline abịarute, gọọmentị Mozambique rịọrọ ndị mba ụwa màkà enyemaka màkà nzaghachi màkà idei mmiri ahụ, mba na-amalite inye enyemaka. Ónyé isi ala Mozambique n'oge ahụ, Joaquim Chissano, rịọrọ maka enyemaka ọzọ mgbè Eline wakporo, na-arịọ màkà dollar iri isii na ise nde màkà ma nrụzigharị na enyemaka mberede, ma mesịa mụbaa arịrịọ ahụ ruo otu narị dollar na iri isii nde.[14][15][16] Ka ọ na-erule ụbọchị iri na asaá n'ọnwa Machị, mba dị ichè ichè ekwewo nkwa nde otu narị na iri na itoolu dollar na Mozambique.[9] Ka ọ na-erule ụbọchị anọ n'ọnwa Machị, tọn 39.6 nke ngwongwo enyemaka dị iche iche rutere mba ahụ, nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ jupụta obere ọdụ ụgbọ elu dị na Maputo.[17][18]

Gọọmentị Netherlands nyèrè guilders nde isé (US $ 2.2 nde) na mba ahụ, na-esote onyinye mbụ nke ihe dị ka guilders Nde abụọ (US $ 871,000).[15] Gọọmentị Ịtali wepụtara ijeri lira iri, ọkara nke màkà enyemaka mberede ozugbo, na Denmark wepụtara € 2.68 nde euro.[19][20] Sweden zigara irí nde krona na Ireland € 507,000 na World Food Programme.[21][22] Portugal wetara tọn enyemaka iri anọ, gụnyere nri, ọgwụ, ụlọikwuu, na ụgbọ mmiri, na Red Cross nke Spain zitere ụgbọ elu enyemaka abụọ.[23][24] Canada nyèrè ihe dị ka $ 11.6 nde (CAD) na Mozambique, ebe United States nyere $ 7 nde nri site na Agency for International Development, akụkụ nke onyinye $ 50 nde.[25][26][27] Ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka European Community Humanitarian nyere € 25 nde na mbido Machị.[28] Botswana nyere P23 nde pula (BWP, US $ 5 nde), Mauritius nyekwara ihe dị ka Otu narị puku dollar (USD).[29][30] Mba Ghana ji ụgbọelu na-eri nri na uwe ruru otu narị puku dollar gaa Mozambique.[31] Australia nyekwara mba ahụ $ 1 nde, Saudi Arabia jikwa ụgbọelu abụọ nyere aka.[32][33] Nchegbu Worldwide nyere puku dollar isii na iri ise (USD) na ngwụcha Febụwarị.[34] Médecins Sans Frontières zigara ndị ọrụ mmadụ ise na Buzi iji nyere ndị bi na ya aka.[35] Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation zigara puku dollar atọ na iri ise na CARE na mbido ọnwa Machị.[36] Site na Jubilee 2000, ọtụtụ mba ndị bara ọgaranya yigharịrị ịkwụ ụgwọ ụgwọ màkà otu afọ.[37] United Kingdom kagburu ụgwọ nde Otu narị dollar na iri ise ya na ngwụcha ọnwa Febụwarị, na Ịtali kagburu ego nde narị dollar ise ya na ọnwa Machị.[38][39]

Ihe edeturu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. Frances Christie and Joseph Halon (2001). Mozambique & the Great Flood of 2000. Indianan University Press. ISBN 0-253-33978-2. 
  2. Mozambique - Floods OCHA Situation Report No. 1. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. ReliefWeb (2000-01-26). Retrieved on 2014-10-07.
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Mozambique: Limpopo Flood Reaches Chokwe", ReliefWeb, 2000-01-24. Retrieved on 2014-10-07.
  4. 4.0 4.1 "Tropical storm threatens flood-ravaged Mozambique", Disaster Relief, 2000-02-18. Retrieved on 2014-09-01.
  5. "Cyclone reaches Mozambique's southern Inhambane province", ReliefWeb, 2000-02-21. Retrieved on 2014-09-03.
  6. Mozambique floods situation report 29 Feb 2000. US Fund for UNICEF. ReliefWeb (2000-02-29). Retrieved on 2014-09-08.
  7. "Floods Cut Main Highway In Three Places", ReliefWeb, 2000-02-06. Retrieved on 2014-10-07.
  8. Emelia Sithole. "Mozambique's Chissano urges post-cyclone aid", ReliefWeb, 2000-02-23. Retrieved on 2014-09-04.
  9. 9.0 9.1 Mozambique: Ross Mountain praised media's role and international solidarity floods. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. ReliefWeb (2000-03-17). Retrieved on 2014-09-22.
  10. Mozambique Emergency Bulletin 3: 07 Mar 2000. Save the Children. ReliefWeb (2000-03-07). Retrieved on 2014-09-19.
  11. "Mozambique's flood death toll rises to nearly 700", ReliefWeb, 2000-04-03. Retrieved on 2014-09-29.
  12. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named report
  13. Trocaire launches appeal for Mozambique flood victims. Trócaire. ReliefWeb (2000-02-24). Retrieved on 2014-09-06.
  14. Cynthia Long. "Mozambique to appeal for aid in wake of Cyclone Eline", Disaster Relief, ReliefWeb, 2000-02-23. Retrieved on 2014-09-06.
  15. 15.0 15.1 The Netherlands gives 7 million guilders in aid to Mozambique. Government of the Netherlands. ReliefWeb (2000-02-24). Retrieved on 2014-09-04. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "net" defined multiple times with different content
  16. Mozambique - Floods OCHA Situation Report No. 20. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. ReliefWeb (2000-03-22). Retrieved on 2014-09-22.
  17. "Mozambique Shudders Over Another Cyclone", ReliefWeb, 2000-03-04. Retrieved on 2014-09-18.
  18. "Too much, Too late: Aid now pours into Mozambique", ReliefWeb, 2000-03-07. Retrieved on 2014-09-19.
  19. Italy: 10 billion liras earmarked to assist Mozambique. Government of Italy. ReliefWeb (2000-02-25). Retrieved on 2014-09-06.
  20. "Denmark allocates emergency flood aid to Mozambique", ReliefWeb, 2000-03-01. Retrieved on 2014-09-09.
  21. Decision on extra money for Mozambique. Government of Sweden. ReliefWeb (2000-02-28). Retrieved on 2014-09-06.
  22. "Ireland to send half million euros to flood-hit Mozambique", ReliefWeb, 2000-02-28. Retrieved on 2014-09-06.
  23. "Portugal sends 40 tonnes of aid for flood-hit Mozambique", ReliefWeb, 2000-02-28. Retrieved on 2014-09-06.
  24. Mozambique: Cruz Roja Española ha recaudado más de 100 millones de pesetas en cuatro días (Spanish). Cruz Roja Española. ReliefWeb (2000-03-01). Retrieved on 2014-09-09.
  25. Maria Minna Announces Additional $10 Million for Flood Victims in Mozambique. Canadian International Development Agency. ReliefWeb (2000-03-08). Retrieved on 2014-09-20.
  26. USAID Provide 7 Million Food Aid to Mozambique. United States Agency for International Development. ReliefWeb (2000-02-29). Retrieved on 2014-09-08.
  27. Jim Garamone. "U.S. Military Relief Effort in Mozambique Winds Down", American Forces Press Service, 2000-03-27. Retrieved on 2014-09-12.
  28. European Commissioner Poul Nielson announces more than 25 Million Euro in aid for victims of the Mozambican floods. European Commission Humanitarian Aid department. ReliefWeb (2000-03-03). Retrieved on 2014-09-18.
  29. "Botswana Comes To The Rescue Of Zimbabwe, Mozambique", ReliefWeb, 2000-02-29. Retrieved on 2014-09-08.
  30. "Mauritius offers 100,000 dollars to Mozambique", ReliefWeb, 2000-03-02. Retrieved on 2014-09-11.
  31. "Ghana donates to Mozambique", ReliefWeb, 2000-03-03. Retrieved on 2014-09-18.
  32. Australian Assistance for Mozambique Floods. Australian Agency for International Development. ReliefWeb (2000-03-04). Retrieved on 2014-09-18.
  33. "Saudi Arabia, Kuwait to send aid to Mozambique", ReliefWeb, 2000-03-05. Retrieved on 2014-09-18.
  34. Concern: 300,000 people affected by floods in Mozambique. Concern Worldwide. ReliefWeb (2000-02-28). Retrieved on 2014-09-06.
  35. Inondations - Médecins du Monde envoie une équipe d'urgence au Mozambique (French). Médecins Sans Frontières. ReliefWeb (2000-02-29). Retrieved on 2014-09-08.
  36. CARE receives $350,000 grant from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for Mozambique aid. CARE. ReliefWeb (2000-03-07). Retrieved on 2014-09-19.
  37. Mozambique: Debt payments suspended. IRIN. ReliefWeb (2000-03-16). Retrieved on 2014-09-22.
  38. Mozambique: Britain cancels debt in response to floods. IRIN. ReliefWeb (2000-02-29). Retrieved on 2014-09-08.
  39. "Italy plans to cancel 500 mln dlrs of Mozambique's debt", ReliefWeb, 2000-03-02. Retrieved on 2014-09-08.