Infant oral mutilation

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Infant oral mutilation
Akụkụ nketraditional African medicine Dezie

Ogbugbu ọnụ nwa ọhụrụ (IOM) bụ usoro ezé ọdịnala dị ize ndụ ma na-egbu egbu mgbe ụfọdụ nke a na-eme n'ọtụtụ mpaghara ebe n'Africa.[1]

Nkọwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Dịka osi adị, nne ma ọ bụ nna nwere ike ịkpọrọ nwatakịrị na-arịa ọrịa kpoje yá n'aka onye na-agwọ ọrịa ọdịnala, onye ga-ele anya n'ọnụ nwa ahụ ma kwuo na ọrịa ahụ sitere na "nkpuru ezé". Onye na-agwọ ọrịa ga-egosi obere, na-acha ọcha, na-etolite ezé dị ka "nkpuru ezé", wee gwuo "nkpuru" site na nsí n'enweghị anesthesia mpaghara ma jiri ngwá ọrụ na-adịghị ọcha (nke a na-abụkarị ịnyịnya ígwè na-ekwu okwu).[2] Ezé canine na-abụkarị ndị a na-egosi, ebe ọ bụ na ha bụ ndị a ma ama. A na-egosizi nne ma ọ bụ nna ezé ndị ahụ, obere ọdịdị ha, nke mmiri ara ehi yiri ikpuru.[3]

Ọjọọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ụdi Omume a na eweta áhù ufu na afufu na ahụ nwatakiri nwèrè ike idago ọrịa (ma ọ bụ ezé) nwee ihe mgbu na nhụjuanya, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-eme ya na nwatakịrị dị mma iji gbochie ọrịa. Usoro ndị a na-adịghị ọcha nwere ike ibute ọrịa ọbara, tetanus, na-ebute nje HIV / AIDS, ma nwee ike ịnwụ n'oge ma ọ bụ mgbe usoro ahụ gasịrị.[4] Enwere ike imebi ma ọ bụ kpochapụ ezé na-adịgide adịgide, na-akpata nsogbu ezé na-adịgide adịgide.[5] Na mgbakwunye, ọrịa dị ugbu a nwere ike ọ gaghị enweta nlekọta ahụike dị mkpa.

Mpaghara mpaghara[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

E bipụtara ihe akaebe nke IOM na-eme na Chad, DRCongo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania[6] na Uganda.[7][8][9][10][11][12][4] A hụwokwa ya na ndị mbịarambịa Africa bi ugbu a na France, Israel, USA, Australia, Norway, New Zealand[13] na UK.[7][14][15][16][17][11][18] Nnyocha akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara n'elu na ntụaka zuru ezu dị n'ịntanetị.[19]

Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. Wordley (2003). "Infant oral mutilation". Developing Dentistry 3 (2): 19–20. Retrieved on 2011-05-06. 
  2. Ellis (2005). "Complications from traditional tooth extraction in South-western Uganda". Tropical Doctor 35 (4): 245–246. DOI:10.1258/004947505774938701. PMID 16354490. 
  3. Abusinna (1979). "Lugbara teeth germectomy of canines for the newborn babies. A magico-religious phenomena in some African tribes". Egyptian Dental Journal 25 (3): 209–214. PMID 299152. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 Iriso (2000). "'Killer' canines: The morbidity and mortality of ebino in northern Uganda". Tropical Medicine and International Health 5 (10): 706–710. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00625.x. PMID 11044265. 
  5. Welbury (1993). ""Killer" canine removal and its sequelae in Addis Ababa". Quintessence International 24 (5): 323–327. PMID 8362046. 
  6. Matee (1991). "Extraction of 'nylon' teeth and associated abnormalities in Tanzanian children". African Dental Journal 5: 21–25. PMID 1819291. 
  7. 7.0 7.1 Khonsari (2009). "Orthodontic Consequences of Ritual Dental Mutilations in Northern Tchad". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 67 (4): 902–905. DOI:10.1016/j.joms.2008.06.098. PMID 19304055. 
  8. Children’s teeth and their care. Document produced by NCTPE (National Committee of Traditional Practices of Ethiopia 1997
  9. Hassanali (1995). "Removal of deciduous canine tooth buds in Kenyan rural Maasai". East African Medical Journal 72 (4): 207–209. PMID 7621751. 
  10. Benzian (2003). "World Dental Development Fund Rwanda Project Visit Report". Developing Dentistry 3 (2): 21–3. Retrieved on 2011-05-06. 
  11. 11.0 11.1 Rodd (2000). "'Ilko dacowo:' canine enucleation and dental sequelae in Somali children". International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 10 (4): 290–297. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-263x.2000.00213.x. PMID 11310242. 
  12. A/wahab (1987). "Traditional practice as a cause of infant morbidity and mortality in Juba area (Sudan)". Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 7 (1): 18–21. DOI:10.1080/02724936.1987.11748467. PMID 2438998. 
  13. De Beavis (2011). "Infant oral mutilation: A New Zealand case series". The New Zealand Dental Journal 107 (2): 57–59. PMID 21721338. 
  14. Holan (1994). "Extraction of primary canine tooth buds: Prevalence and associated dental abnormalities in a group of Ethiopian Jewish children". International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 4 (1): 25–30. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-263x.1994.tb00097.x. PMID 7748844. 
  15. Graham (2000). "Dental injuries due to African traditional therapies for diarrhea". The Western Journal of Medicine 173 (2): 135–137. DOI:10.1136/ewjm.173.2.135. PMID 10924443. 
  16. Amailuk (2008). "Erupted compound odontoma: Case report of a 15-year-old Sudanese boy with a history of traditional dental mutilation". BDJ 204 (1): 11–14. DOI:10.1038/bdj.2007.1184. PMID 18192989. 
  17. Espelid (2009). "Removal of dental facilities in African folk medicine. (Translation from Norwegian)". Nor Dental Tid 119: 294–297. 
  18. Dewhurst (2001). "Traditional tooth bud gouging in a Ugandan family: A report involving three sisters". International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 11 (4): 292–297. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-263x.2001.00279.x. PMID 11570446. 
  19. www.dentaid.org (22 June 2011). Archived from the original on 22 June 2011.

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