International Institute for Sustainable Development

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International Institute for Sustainable Development
Abbreviation IISD
Formation 1990
Type NGO
Legal status Registered charitable organization
Purpose Sustainable development
Headquarters Winnipeg
Location Page Àtụ:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
  • 111 Lombard Avenue
Onye isi oche na onye isi oche
 Richard Florizone
Onye isi oche nke Board
 Michelle Edkins
Orga bụ isi
 Ndị isi ndị isi
Mmefu ego
CAN $ 43 nde (FY 2022/23)
Ndị ọrụ
125
Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ www.iisd.org

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-eche echiche nke onwe ya nke e guzobere na 1990 na-arụ ọrụ iji kpụzie ma mee ka iwu mba ụwa mara banyere ọchịchị mmepe na-adịgide adịgide. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ọfịs atọ na Canada - Winnipeg, Ottawa, na Toronto, na otu ọfịs na Geneva, Switzerland. Ọ nwere ihe karịrị ndị ọrụ 150 na ndị mmekọ na-arụ ọrụ na mba 30.

IISD bụ òtù ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha na Canada.[1]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme na nhazi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'afọ 1988 na Nzukọ Ezumezu nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu, Praịm Minista Canada n'oge ahụ bụ Brian Mulroney kwupụtara atụmatụ "ịmepụta ụlọ ọrụ nke ga-akwalite echiche nke mmepe na-adịgide adịgide na mba ụwa," nke ga-enwe isi ụlọ ọrụ na Winnipeg.[2] Ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ ahụ ga-abụ akụkụ nke onyinye Canada nyere maka nkwadebe maka ihe ghọrọ United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), nke a makwaara dị ka Rio Earth Summit.[3] Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị na 1990, e guzobere IISD n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro, na-esote mbinye aka nke nkwekọrịta n'etiti Minista Na-ahụ Maka Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke Canada n'oge ahụ Lucien Bouchard na Manitoba Premier Gary Filmon.[4]

N'afọ 1992, IISD ghọrọ ebe obibi nke Earth Negotiations Bulletin, ọrụ akụkọ akụkọ gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi na mkparịta ụka mmepe zuru ụwa ọnụ.[5] N'afọ 2016, IISD malitere SDG Knowledge Hub, saịtị raara onwe ya nye na-enye mmelite akụkọ, nkọwa, nyocha, kalenda, na isiokwu ndị ọbịa na mmejuputa nke Sustainable Development Goals.

Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2022, a na-ahazi ọrụ kwa ụbọchị nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ugbu a gburugburu usoro CREATE, nke ga-eduzi ọrụ ya ruo 2025. [amaghị ama] Ogidi usoro a bụ Climate, Resources, Economies, Act Together, na Engage. A na-etinye ogidi ndị a n'ọrụ site na mmemme ise nke IISD: Iwu na Iwu akụ na ụba, Ike, Resilience, Nnyocha Ọganihu, na Mmiri.[6]

N'ime afọ iri gara aga, IISD agbasawo ọrụ mmemme ya iji tinye ije ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke ọtụtụ forums, netwọk, na njikọ aka. Ndị a gụnyere Intergovernmental Forum (IGF) na Mining, Minerals, Metals, na Sustainable Development na National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network.[7] IISD na-achịkwa Secretariat International Support Office (SISO) maka China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED). Na Nọvemba 11, 2021, IISD kwupụtara na ọ ga-abụ odeakwụkwọ mbụ na-adịgide adịgide nke Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance (BOGA).[8]

IISD nwere ndị otu iri na anọ, nke Michelle Edkins, onye isi nchịkwa na BlackRock, bụ onyeisi.[9] Onye isi oche nke IISD bụ Lloyd McGinnis. Onye isi oche na onye isi oche nke IISD bụ Richard Florizone (2020-dị ugbu a).[10][11]

Ọrụ Ọ Na-arụ Ugbu a[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọhụụ IISD bụ "ụwa ebe ndị mmadụ na mbara ala na-eto eto".[12] Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ na òtù gọọmentị, gọọmentị na ụlọ ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ, ngalaba onwe, na òtù ọha na eze gburugburu ụwa. Njikọ a gụnyere ịmepụta nyocha ọhụrụ, na-eduzi akụkọ akụkọ na nyocha, na-enye enyemaka teknụzụ na nkwado iwulite ikike, na ịhazi ụlọ ọrụ na ihe omume ndị ọzọ na-ekerịta ihe ọmụma.

Iji nweta ọhụụ ahụ, IISD ahaziwo ọrụ ya gburugburu usoro a na-akpọ CREATE, nke na-akwado atụmatụ atụmatụ nke nzukọ ahụ ugbu a ruo 2025.[13] Ogidi nke CREATE bụ ihu igwe, ihe onwunwe, akụ na ụba, ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, na itinye aka.

Ọnọdụ ihu igwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ ihu igwe nke IISD na-ekwu maka ogidi abụọ: mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe na mgbanwe mgbanwe ihu igwe.

Ọrụ na mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ nke usoro IISD's Energy na-arụ, nke na-enyere gọọmentị aka ka ha na-amalite mgbanwe iwu ike iji nweta mgbanwe ziri ezi na akụ na ụba efu site na 2050, gụnyere site na mmụba nke isi mmalite ike na-agbanwe agbanwe na mmebi nke enyemaka mmanụ ala.[14]

Usoro IISD's Energy bụkwa ebe obibi nke Global Subsidies Initiative, nke na-enye data, nyocha, na nghọta banyere mgbanwe nke enyemaka mmanụ ala na enyemaka azụ. Dị ka akụkụ nke ọrụ IISD n'okpuru ogidi ihu igwe ya, IISD ga-eje ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ mbụ na-adịgide adịgide nke Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance (BOGA). Gọọmentị mba na nke mba iri na abụọ mara ọkwa atụmatụ a na United Nations Climate Conference na Glasgow na Nọvemba 2021 ma nwee ebumnuche nke ịkwụsị mmepụta mmanụ na gas.

Ọrụ maka mgbanwe ihu igwe na-arụ site na mmemme Resilience nke IISD, nke na-arụ ọrụ n'inye ndị na-eme iwu ndụmọdụ banyere otu esi emeziwanye mba ha na-eguzogide ihe ize ndụ metụtara ihu igwe na ime mgbanwe ihu igwe. Usoro Resilience na-arụkwa ọrụ na gburugburu ebe obibi, esemokwu, na iwu udo; otu nka nwere ike isi kwado omume mgbanwe ihu igwe dị irè; na otu gọọmentị nwere ike isi dozie mgbanwe ihu igwe na mgbanwe ihu igwe n'otu n'otu, kama iche.[15] Site na mmemme Resilience, IISD bụ odeakwụkwọ nke NAP Global Network.

Ihe onwunwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ IISD na-ekpuchi mpaghara atọ: ngalaba akụ na ụba nke igwupụta ihe na ọrụ ugbo, nke na-adaba n'okpuru ogidi akụ na ụba CREATE, na ahụike mmiri dị ọcha.

A na-ahazi ọrụ IISD na ọrụ ugbo gburugburu itinye ego na azụmaahịa. N'etiti ọrụ ndị ọzọ, IISD bụ otu n'ime ndị mmekọ na-akwado Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Network of Parliamentarians on Gender Equality and Investments in Agriculture and Food Security, tinyere Oxfam, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), na Women in Law & Development in Africa (WiLDAF). IISD esorola International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) na Mahadum Cornell na-eme nchọpụta iji chọpụta ego a ga-eme iji kwụsị agụụ n'ụzọ na-adịgide adịgide site na 2030 na ntinye aka iwu nke nwere ike ịkwado izute ebumnuche ahụ, n'ụzọ kwekọrọ na Sustainable Development Goal 2.[16] Na mgbakwunye, ndị ọrụ ugbo nke IISD na-adụ gọọmentị ọdụ na iwu, nkwekọrịta, ụkpụrụ, na usoro iwu maka itinye ego n'ọrụ ugbo.[17]

Ọrụ IISD na igwu ala, na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-elekọta odeakwụkwọ IGF, gụnyere nyocha, nyocha, na ọzụzụ na mbuze ụtụ isi na mgbanwe uru (BEPS) na ihe ọ pụtara maka mba ndị na-emepe emepe bara ọgaranya na ụtụ isi ha sitere na ngalaba igwu ala. N'etiti mpaghara ndị ọzọ, ọrụ a na-ekpuchi nkwekọrịta na-adịbeghị anya maka ụtụ isi kacha nta zuru ụwa ọnụ, na-ele anya na mmetụta ya n'ozuzu na nke ngalaba maka mba ndị na-emepe emepe.

Ọrụ IISD na mmiri dị ọcha na-ewere ọnọdụ n'okpuru mmemme mmiri ya, nke na-eme nchọpụta sayensị na mgbasa ozi iwu gbasara otu esi emeziwanye ahụike nke mmiri dị ọcha anyị n'ụwa niile. Site na mmemme mmiri ya, IISD bụ ebe obibi nke IISD Experimental Lakes Area, nke dị na Kenora, Ontario. Kemgbe afọ 2020, IISD na African Center for Aquatic Research and Education na-arụkọ ọrụ iji lelee otu esi edozi nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta Great Lakes nke Africa.[18]

Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ akụ na ụba nke IISD na-achọ inye ndị na-eme iwu na ndị ọzọ na-etinye aka na usoro iwu na nyocha, nyocha, akụkọ akụkọ, na ọzụzụ iji nyere ha aka ịmepụta iwu, iwu, na usoro maka akụ na ụba ziri ezi, nke na-adịgide adịgide. Isiokwu ndị Economics nke IISD na-arụ ọrụ gụnyere iwu na iwu azụmahịa, iwu na iwu itinye ego mba ụwa, iwu na ụkpụrụ ụtụ isi mba ụwa, na ego na ịzụta ihe ndị na-adịgide adịgide.

Site n'ọrụ ya na akụrụngwa na-adịgide adịgide, IISD bụzi ebe obibi nke Nature-Based Infrastructure Global Resource Centre, nke e guzobere na 2021 na Global Environment Facility, MAVA Foundation, na United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO).[19]

Mee Ihe Jikọrọ Aka ma Na-etinye Aka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ogidi Act Together na Engage gafere mmemme ọrụ dị iche iche nke IISD ma bụrụkwa isi ihe ndị otu Tracking Progress nke IISD na-elekwasị anya. Nnyocha Ọganihu na-arụ ọrụ na nkwado obodo, ndị na-eme iwu n'ụlọ, na ndị na-ekpebi mkpebi mba ụwa na mbọ ha na-agba iji nweta ihe mgbaru ọsọ mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.[20] Usoro Tracking Progress na-eme nchọpụta banyere ọchịchị gburugburu ebe obibi zuru ụwa ọnụ ma bụrụ ebe ọrụ IISD's Reporting Services, gụnyere Earth Negotiations Bulletin na SDG Knowledge Hub. Ihe omume ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ na obodo na ịmepụta saịtị "Tracking-Progress" iji nyochaa ọganihu ha iji mezuo ebumnuche nkwado, jikọtara ya na ihe ngosi maka ịtụle ọdịmma obodo.[21]

Site na mmemme Tracking Progress, IISD bụ onye na-akpọkọta Geneva 2030 Ecosystem, yana SDG Lab nke UN Geneva[xv] (Ọfịs United Nations na Geneva) duziri.[22] Geneva 2030 Ecosystem na-arụ ọrụ iji guzobe mmekọrịta ma gbaa ume nyocha na mgbasa ozi n'etiti òtù dị iche iche na Geneva na-arụkọ ọrụ na ebumnuche mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.

IISD bụkwa onye otu ọtụtụ netwọk mba ụwa na-arụ ọrụ na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọfịs ya na Europe bụ akụkụ nke Geneva Environment Network na Think Sustainable Europe.[23]

Ihe Ndị A Na-eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

IISD Ebe Ọdọ Mmiri Nnyocha[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

IISD Experimental Lakes Area (IISD-ELA) bụ ụlọ nyocha nke nwere obere ọdọ mmiri 58 na mmiri ha echekwara maka nyocha sayensị. Site n'iji obere ọdọ mmiri ndị a mee ihe, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwere ike nyochaa otu akụkụ niile nke gburugburu ebe obibi - site na ikuku ruo na ọnụ ọgụgụ azụ - si emeghachi omume. Nchọpụta sitere na nnwale ụwa ndị a na-abụkarị nke ziri ezi karịa nke sitere na nyocha a na-eme na obere, dịka na ụlọ nyocha. A na-eji nchọpụta ndị a eme ihe iji mee ka iwu mara ma na-ebipụta ya mgbe niile na akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị kachasị elu, gụnyere Nature.[24] Emeghere na 1968, Experimental Lakes Area bụ nke gọọmentị etiti Canada na-arụ ọrụ na mbụ. IISD weghaara ọrụ nke Experimental Lakes Area na 2014 mgbe ya na gọọmentị etiti Canada na gọọmentir Ontario bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta.[25] A gbanwere aha saịtị ahụ ka ọ bụrụ IISD-ELA.

Ọrụ Akụkọ IISD[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

IISD Reporting Services (IISD-RS) na-enye mkpuchi onwe ya nke mbọ gọọmentị na-eme iwu metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide, gụnyere akụkọ kwa ụbọchị, nyocha na foto nke gburugburu ebe obibi mba ụwa na mkparịta ụka mmepe na ihe omume. Akwụkwọ kachasị mma nke IISD Reporting Services, Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB), na-ezube inye akụkọ ziri ezi, n'oge na nke onwe ya nke ozi kwa ụbọchị gbasara mkparịta ụka gburugburu ebe obibi na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.

E bipụtara Earth Negotiations Bulletin na mbụ n'oge nkwadebe maka 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), ma bipụta ya na ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka ndị na-esote kemgbe ahụ. IISD-RS na-akọkwa banyere ogbako na nzukọ mba ụwa nke na-achọ inye aka n'ime iwu gọọmentị ma na-elekọta ọtụtụ ntọala ihe ọmụma nke na-akọ banyere ọrụ ndị na-achọ itinye aka ma ọ bụ mejuputa mkpebi ndị e mere na ọkwa iwu gọọmentụ.

Usoro gọọmentị na-ekpuchi site na Earth Negotiations Bulletin gụnyere, mana ọ bụghị nanị na: Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD); United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC); Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD); United United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD); United UN Forum on Forests; nkwekọrịta kemịkal (Stockholm, Basel na Rotterdam); Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer; nkwekọta on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CIT). Ihe ndekọ Earth Negotiations Bulletin na-ejikọta usoro niile na akụkọ ENB nke IISD RS kpuchiri.

National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

IISD na-akwado Secretariat maka NAP Global Network, nke ndị na-eme iwu na ndị na-arụ ọrụ si mba 11 na-emepe emepe na ndị mepere emepe malitere na Disemba 2014 n'oge ihe omume dị n'akụkụ na United Nations Climate Conference na Lima, Peru.[26] Mkpebi a dabeere na nkwenye na usoro NAP nke ịmepụta atụmatụ mgbanwe mba (NAPs) maka mba iji doo onwe ha n'okpuru United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC) ga-achọ mkparịta ụka na nhazi na-aga n'ihu iji mee ka ma mụta ihe site na ụzọ, ahụmịhe, na mmemme nke ibe ha. NAP Global Network na-ezube ịkwalite atụmatụ na ime ihe nke mba na mba ndị na-emepe emepe site na nhazi nke nkwado abụọ na ndị na-arụ ọrụ na mba. Netwọk ahụ na-emekwa ka mmụta na mgbanwe nke ndị ọgbọ mba ụwa dị mfe. Ọ na-ejikọta ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na ụlọ ọrụ na-anọchite anya ndị na-eme mgbanwe mba na ụlọ ọrụ mmepe mba abụọ.

Nzukọ gọọmentị na-ahụ maka igwupụta ihe, mineral, metal na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide (IGF)[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

E guzobere nzukọ Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development na-esote 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, South Africa.[7] Ọ bụ gọọmentị Canada na South Africa guzobere ya na 2005 iji mee ka Global Dialogue on Mining / Metals and Sustainable Development.[27] IISD ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ IGF site na Ọktoba 2015. Onye nduzi nke IGF ugbu a bụ Greg Radford, onye a họpụtara n'ọkwa ahụ na 2016.[28]

IGF nwere ihe karịrị ndị otu 75 ma na-enwe Nzukọ Ezumezu ya kwa afọ (AGM) n'ọnwa Ọktoba ọ bụla, na-eme ka ndị nnọchiteanya, ndị ọrụ otu gọọmentị, ndị otu obodo, na ndị ọkà mmụta maka ọtụtụ ụbọchị nke nnọkọ na igwu ala na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.[29] Tupu ọrịa COVID-19, e mere AGM na Palais des Nations na Geneva, Switzerland, na mmekorita ya na United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Kemgbe afọ 2020, a na-eme AGM n'ụzọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ.[30]

Ebe Ihe Ọmụma SDG[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

SDG Knowledge Hub bụ ebe ntanetị maka akụkọ na nkọwa gbasara mmejuputa nke United Nations " 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals.

A malitere SDG Knowledge Hub n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2016 ma nwee akụkọ, nkọwa mbụ sitere n'aka ndị ọkachamara IISD, na isiokwu ndị ọbịa.[31] SDG Knowledge Hub na-enyekwa kalenda nke ihe omume ndị na-abịanụ metụtara 2030 Agenda.

Mgbasa ozi Hub banyere 2030 Agenda na-agbaso mbọ ndị a na-eme na mpaghara a na ọkwa ọchịchị niile, site na obodo ruo na ndị otu gọọmentị. Akụkọ ya na-enyocha otu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri a si achụso ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke mmepe na-adịgide adịgide, yana ihe ịma aka ha na-eche ihu na ohere maka imekọ ihe ọnụ dị. Ọ na-achọkwa idozi ọnọdụ maka mkparịta ụka post-2030.

Ọnọdụ nke Sustainability Initiatives (SSI)[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

State of Sustainability Initiatives (SSI) na-enye nyocha miri emi na ọrụ ndụmọdụ iji kwado mmepụta na oriri na-adịgide adịgide, na-elekwasị anya na ngalaba ngwaahịa ugbo. Ọ na-eme nke a site n'inyocha njirimara na arụmọrụ nke ụkpụrụ nkwado afọ ofufo (VSSs) dịka Fairtrade, Rainforest Alliance, na UTZ, na ebumnuche nke ịkwalite ịdị irè ha dị ka ngwá ọrụ maka mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.[32]

Ihe owuwu dabeere na okike (NBI) Global Resource Centre[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

NBI Global Resource Centre malitere na 2021 site na IISD, tinyere Global Environment Facility, MAVA Foundation, na United Nations Industrial Development Organization. IISD na-eje ozi dị ka ụlọ ọrụ na-eme ihe maka Ụlọ Ọrụ ahụ.

Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-eme nyocha 40 nke ọrụ NBI n'ime afọ anọ mbụ nke ọrụ ya, na nyocha na-ele anya n'otú ọrụ ndị a si arụ ọrụ n'oge ndụ ha niile ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọdịnala, ihe owuwu ndị ọzọ. Nnyocha ahụ ga-eji IISD's Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi), usoro nke na-agwakọta usoro usoro na nhazi ego. A haziri njikọta a iji nye nyocha zuru oke nke na-enyocha arụmọrụ ọrụ ọ bụghị naanị na ihe ngosi ego, kamakwa site na akaụntụ maka ihe ize ndụ gburugburu ebe obibi, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, akụ na ụba, na ọchịchị na ihe ndị ọzọ. Gụnyere ihe ize ndụ ndị a na mpụga na-enye ohere maka ịme ihe n'ọnọdụ ụwa n'ezie na onyinye ọrụ ndị a ga-enye na gburugburu ebe obibi, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, akụ na ụba, na ebumnuche ọchịchị.

Tinyere nyocha ọrụ 40 ndị a, Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-enwekwa nchekwa data ọha na eze na-emekọrịta ihe iji kwado ndị na-eme iwu na ndị na-etinye ego dịka ha na-eme nyocha nke ha, yana nnukwu usoro ntanetị (MOOC).

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) (en). Climate & Clean Air Coalition. Retrieved on 2023-05-29.
  2. ↑ United Nations. "United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 3-14 June 1992".
  3. ↑ User Clip: Prime Minister Brian Mulroney announces a centre for sustainable development | C-SPAN.org. www.c-span.org.
  4. ↑ IISD Innovator June 2010.
  5. ↑ Home | IISD Earth Negotiations Bulletin.
  6. ↑ International Institute for Sustainable Development. "Mission and Goals.".
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Home. Intergovernmental Forum.
  8. ↑ IISD Welcomes Launch of Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance, Honoured to Host its First Permanent Secretariat. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
  9. ↑ Board. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
  10. ↑ Richard Florizone Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy (en). wise.uwaterloo.ca. Retrieved on 2023-05-29.
  11. ↑ Lloyd McGinnis (en). International Institute for Sustainable Development. Retrieved on 2023-05-29.
  12. ↑ Mission and Goals. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
  13. ↑ Tomorrow Needs Us Today: IISD's 2020-2025 Strategic Direction. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
  14. ↑ Energy. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
  15. ↑ Environment, Conflict and Peacebuilding. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
  16. ↑ Ceres2030. "Donors must double aid to end hunger – and spend it wisely.". Archived from the original on 2022-05-24. Retrieved on 2023-08-13.
  17. ↑ Advisory and Capacity Development Services on Legal and Policy Frameworks for Responsible Agriculture Investment. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
  18. ↑ scientists-two-continents-work-together-improve-health-african-great-lakes.
  19. ↑ The Nature-Based Infrastructure Global Resource Centre. Nature-Based Infrastructure Global Resource Centre - staging.
  20. ↑ THE 17 GOALS | Sustainable Development. sdgs.un.org.
  21. ↑ Tracking-Progress.org. Tracking Progress.
  22. ↑ Community. www.sdglab.ch.
  23. ↑ Think Sustainable Europe – IEEP AISBL.
  24. ↑ Blanchfield (2022). ""Experimental evidence for recovery of mercury-contaminated fish populations."". Nature 601 (7891): 74–78. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-04222-7. PMID 34912113. 
  25. ↑ CBC News. "Experimental Lakes Area research station officially saved.".
  26. ↑ United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. "NAP Global Network.".
  27. ↑ 2012 Annual General Meeting of the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development. UNCTAD.
  28. ↑ IISD - welcomes-greg-radford-director-secretariat-sustainable-mining-initiative.
  29. ↑ Members Archive. Intergovernmental Forum.
  30. ↑ IGF 16th Annual General Meeting. Intergovernmental Forum.
  31. ↑ SDG Knowledge Hub: the first online platform on SDGs - UN Global Compact Network Italia. www.globalcompactnetwork.org.
  32. ↑ Home. State of Sustainability Initiatives.

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