Iwu Ịsọ mpi

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Iwu asọmpi (French: Loi sur la concurrence) bụ iwu gọọmentị Canada na-achịkwa asọmpi na Canada.  Iwu ahụ nwere ma ndị omempụ na nke obodo iji gbochie omume asọmpi n'ahịa.

[1]Ụlọikpe Iwu Iwu, Iwu na-etolite ntọala iwu nke nnwere onwe ime etiti dị ugbu a na Canada

Ndị na-ahụ maka nche na-akwado ma na-ahụ maka iwu a, ụlọ ikpe na-ekpekwa ikpe ahụ.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

ndabere[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Iwu na mbụ Canada esemokwu bụ Anti-Combines Act, [1] ewepụtara na Mee 1889 dị ka iwu ike obi mbụ na mba ụlọ ọrụ ihe, bụ ụzọ American Sherman Antitrust Act .  [2] [3] [4] Iwu ahụ akwụkwọ izu na-abụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-eji akwụkwọ[2]

[3] Afọ ka e ịhụ, a na-etinye ihe akwụkwọ ozi n'ime Usoro Mpụ nke Canada .  [1] [2] Na 1912, Onyeisiikpe Kasị Elu nke Canada ihe na Weidman v Shragge na nzube nke ozi ijikọta ndokwa na Criminal Code bụ iji chebe nsogbu na eze na nchekwa efu .

Asọmpi Canada na iwu na-asọ 1889 ga-agafe ọtụtụ ụzọ dị iche iche, mgbochi na Usoro Nchọpụta Nchọpụta, 1910, bụ nke 1889 Anti-Combines Act, na-emecha na-eduga n'ịgbakọ nchachacha, 1923 na  1937 . [4]

Iwu asọmpi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[1]Na 1985, nọchiri naahụ maka nchekwa nke Brian Mulroney, Iwu Nchọpụta Ngwakọta, 1923, na Iwu, nke ahụ na June 19, 1986. [1] [2] [3] Ndokwa ndị dị na Iwu a gbasara obodo,  bụ nke ọkwa ma njikọ na nke kwụpụta, usoro iwu mpụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọ bụ naanị ole na ole ka e wetara n'etiti 1910 na 1976

. [1]N'April 1996, e webatara otu iwu na iwu n'ime nzuko omeiwu, mana ọ die na akwụkwọ iwu .  A nna ma webataghachi akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka Bill C-20 na 20 Nọvemba 1997, na mgbe emezi 1997, na mgbe emezi, ya, nata akwụkwọ nke atọ na House of Commons na 23 September 1998. Ndozigharị ndị a esi aro telemarketing ikike, ikike nke ikike ikike nke ikike  ụzọ maka mmejọ mpụ ole na ole, ndokwa obodo ọhụrụ maka mgbasa ozi na-eduhie eduhie, ụkpụrụ na usoro nke prenotification nke ọnụ, yana mmepụta ndokwa maka egwuregwu mgbe niile.

[5] [6]Eme iwu ahụ ọzọ na June 23, 2022, dị ka ụdị nke Iwu mme akpata ego nke Canada, 2022 (Bill C-19).  [1] Na Nọvemba 17, 2022, n'ebumnuche imezigharị Iwu ahụ, François-Philippe Champagne, Minister nke Innovation, Sayensị na Mmepụta, pụta nke Iwu .  [2] Iwu ụlọ obibi na ngwa ọrụ dị ọnụ ala (Bill C-56), ewepụtara na 21 September 2023, tụpụtara iwu iwu awụ ihie nke "nchekwa akwụkwọ" n'okwu ọnụ.

Ngwa na nchịkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[1]Iwu nwera ma ndị omempụ na nke obodo iji ike omume ọma n'ahịa .  Iwu ahụ na-emetụta ọrụ akụ nakoo niile (ma e wezụga nke apụrụpụrụ kpọmkwem-ahụ ọmụmaatụ, ahama mkpokọta, egwuregwu ndị na-amu amu, akwụkwọ ikike nchekwa, ma ọ bụ ihe omume ndị dị n'  okpuru iwu ndị ọzọ (dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ebe , ma ọ bụ ikike, ma ọ bụ abụọ, na-achịkwa site na ya. etiti ma ọ bụ njikwa).

A na-eme ụmụaka na mmanye nke Iwu site n'aka Ndị Ozi Ọrụ Asọmpi, [1] nke Kọmishọna nke na-eduzi.  Ndị ọrụ ahụ na-ahụkwa maka ụmụaka na mmanye nke Iwu Nkwakọ ngwaahịa na Labeling (makankebe ndị na-enweta nri), Iwu Labeling Textile, na Precious Metals Marking Act

Okwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[1]Enwetara nra isi na 27 Mee 1998 mgbe Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) nke United States na-ezi ikpe mara ma ego $14 nde na-enye maka izu ọkụ lysine na $2 nde maka otu esi citric acid .  Ntara ahụ ruru 29.2% na 11.8% n'otu n'otu nke akara ADM na Canada n'oge nkata ahụ.

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Stanbury, W.T. 2013 December 16. "Competition Policy" (revised). The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada.
  2. Goldman (2013-12-01). Competition Law of Canada (in en). Juris Publishing, Inc.. ISBN 9781578230969. 
  3. Cheffins, Brian. 1989. "The Development of Competition Policy, 1890-1940: A Re-Evaluation of a Canadian and American Tradition (PDF)." Osgoode Hall Law Journal 27(3):449–90. Also available here. Retrieved 2023-04-10.
  4. Blair, D. Gordon. 1953. "Combines, Controls or Competition?" Canadian Bar Review 31(10)1083–115. Retrieved on 2023-04-09.
  5. Lord. "Can Ottawa make a dent in housing grocery prices? What a new bill would do", Globalnews.ca, 21 September 2023.
  6. Church. "Opinion: Keep the efficiencies defence in merger cases. It's good for growth", National Post, 28 September 2023.

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Daalụ, Michael. 1973. "Omenala mgbochi ntụkwasị obi ọzọ: Canadian Anti-Combines Policy, 1889-1910." Ụgbọ ala. Hist. Mkpu. (47) 177:186-–88;
  • Davies, Ward, na Beck. 1997. Iwu asọmpi nke Canada, vol. 1.
  • "Iwu asọmpi Canada mgbe afọ iri nke iwu asọmpi." Nyochaa nke Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe 13 (1-2). Eprel 1998.