Jakob Karl Ernst Halm
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | South Africa |
| aha enyere | Jakob, Jacob |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 30 Novemba 1866 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Bingen |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 17 Julaị 1944 |
| Asụsụ obodo | Bekee |
| asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka | Bekee |
| ọrụ ọ na-arụ | Onye na-enyocha mbara igwe, physicist |
| onye were ọrụ | University of Strasbourg |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | University of Kiel |
| Ihe nrite | Makdougall Brisbane Prize |
| WikiProject na-elekọta ya | WikiProject Mathematics |
Jakob Karl Ernst Halm (1866 - 1944) [1][2] bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ nke kpakpando na onye mbụ tụrụ aro ịdị adị nke mmekọrịta oke-ìhè maka kpakpando.
Oge ọ malitere
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Halm na Bingen am Rhein, Alaeze nke Prussia na 30 Nọvemba 1866.
Mmụta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Halm gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Bingen ma mesịa gụọ akwụkwọ na Giessen, Berlin na Kiel. Ọ nwetara Ph.D. ya na Kiel na 1890 maka ọrụ na nhazi ọdịiche dị n'ahịrị.
Ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Onye enyemaka na University Observatory, Strasbourg (1889-1895).Onye enyemaka klas mbụ na Royal Observatory Edinburgh (1895-1907).Onye isi enyemaka na Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope (1907-1927).
Enyemaka sayensị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mgbe ọ nọ na Edinburgh, Halm jiri heliometer nye spectrograph nri iji mụọ ọdịiche dị iche iche nke ntụgharị anyanwụ na latitudes dị iche iche. Ọ chọpụtara na akara absorption dị nso na nsọtụ nke diski anyanwụ na-aga n'ihu na-acha ọbara ọbara, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọnọdụ ha n'etiti. Nke [3] abụghị n'ihi mmetụta doro anya dị ka ntụgharị. O nyekwara nkọwa mbụ nke ihe a na-akpọ ugbu a profaịlụ P Cygni [4] [5] mgbe ọ na-atụle ụdị Nova Persei 1901.
Mgbe ọ nọ na Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope, ọ na-etinye aka na ọrụ na-esote na Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CPD) nke David Gill na Jacobus Kapteyn na-eji ọsọ radial na mmegharị kwesịrị ekwesị. Nnyoch[6] a na-ahụ ugboro ugboro emeela ka Kapteyn chọta kpakpando abụọ na Halm nwere ike ịchọpụta nke atọ (Halm 1911) metụtara ihe ọ kpọrọ "Orion-type" kpakpando. Akwụkwọ a gara n'ihu na-ekwu na kpakpando yiri ka ha na-erubere nkesa Maxwellian isi, na-egosi nkwekọrịta nke ike, ya bụ, ndị na-adịchaghị arọ na-aga ngwa ngwa karịa ndị buru ibu. Mkpebi ya dabeere na ịdị arọ nke kpakpando sitere na ọtụtụ binaries a mụrụ nke ọma. Eddington[7] gosipụtara, Otú ọ dị, na mmekọrịta kpakpando, n'ihi ụkọ ha, enweghị ike ịmepụta nsonaazụ a. Otú ọ dị ọrụ Halm dị mkpa n'ịkwalite nyocha na isiokwu ahụ.
Akwụkwọ ahụ kwubiri na enwere mmekọrịta n'etiti ụdị spectral na ịdị arọ maka kpakpando. Nke [8] bụ ọkwa mbụ nke mmekọrịta oke-ìhè, nke ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ mechara kọwaa.Ọrụ [9] na mkpebi nke ịdị ukwuu site na mpempe akwụkwọ foto dugara ya na nghọta ka mma banyere ọdịda mmeghachi omume, nke o bipụtara akwụkwọ, [1] nke dugara na usoro Kron-Halm catenary.
N'afọ 1917, Halm bụ onye mbụ mere atụmatụ nke ngụkọta nke ọkụ kpakpando. [10] kpebiri na mkpochapụ interstellar na ịdị ukwuu bụ ihe dị okpukpu 1.22 karịa na-acha anụnụ anụnụ karịa na-ahụ anya.
Halm kwenyere [11] enwere ike ịkọwa ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị n'ụwa site na mgbasawanye na-aga n'ihu nke mkpo ụwa. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ kpatara mmasị dị ukwuu n'oge ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọbịbịa nke Echiche tectonic plate ya anaghịzi ele echiche mgbasawanye ya anya dị ka ihe ezi uche dị na ya.
Ọnwụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ nwụrụ na 17 Julaị 1944 na South Africa.
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Glass (2014). "Jacob Karl Ernst Halm (1865-1944)". Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of South Africa 73 (2): 14–23.
- ↑ Poggendorff [1863 and later] (1863). Biographisch-Literarisches Handwörterbuch. Barth.
- ↑ Halm (1907). "Über eine bisher unbekannte Verschiebung der Fraunhoferschen Linien des Sonnenspektrums". Astronomische Nachrichten 173 (18–19): 273–288. DOI:10.1002/asna.19061731802.
- ↑ Halm (1904). "On Professor Seeliger's Theory of Temporary Stars". Proc. R. Soc. Edinburgh 25: 513–552. DOI:10.1017/S0370164600008725.
- ↑ Williams (2004). "Centenary (1904-2004) of the interpretation of the P Cygni profile". Newsletter, Society for the History of Astronomy 5 (5): 13.
- ↑ Halm (1911). "Stars, motion in space, etc. Further considerations relating to the systematic motions of the stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 71: 610–639. DOI:10.1093/mnras/71.8.610.
- ↑ Eddington (1914). Stellar Movements and the Structure of the Universe. Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Kuiper (1938). "The Empirical Mass–Luminosity Relationship". Astrophysical Journal 88: 472–506. DOI:10.1086/143999.
- ↑ Halm (1915). "On the Determination of Fundamental Photographic Magnitudes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 75: 150–177. DOI:10.1093/mnras/75.3.150.
- ↑ Halm (1917). "On the Question of Extinction of Light in Space and the Relations between Stellar Magnitudes, Distances and Proper Motions". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 77: 243–280. DOI:10.1093/mnras/77.3.243.
- ↑ Halm (1935). "An Astronomical Aspect of the Evolution of the Earth". Journal of the Astronomical Society of South Africa 4.