Janet Cooke
| ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| aha enyere | Janet |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Cooke |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 23 Julaị 1954 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Toledo |
| ọrụ ọ na-arụ | onye ntaakụkọ |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | Vassar College, University of Toledo |
| Ọrụ ama ama | Jimmy’s World |
Janet Leslie Cooke (amụrụ na Julaị 23, 1954) bụ onye Amerika bụbu onye nta akụkọ. Ọ natara Pulitzer Prize na 1981 maka edemede edere maka Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Biputere . E mechara chọpụta na akụkọ ahụ bụ nke e chepụtara echepụta ma Cooke weghachiri Pulitzer, naanị onye na eme ya, [1] mgbe ọ kwetara na o chepụtara akụkọ. Kama nke ahụ, e nyere Teresa Carpenter Pulitzer, onye a họpụtara nke Cooke meriri.
Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Cooke tolitere n'ezinụlọ ndị Afri a Amerika nọ n'ọkwá dị elu na Toledo, Ohio.[2][3] O kwuru na ịzụlite ya bụ ihe na-akpata nrụgide na nke siri ike, na nrụgide mgbe niile nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị ọcha ọ gara na nna ya, onye ọ kọwara dị ka onye na achị achị; n'ihi ya, o kwuru na ịgha ụgha ghọrọ "usoro ndụ" maka ya dị ka nwatakịrị.[2][4] Ọ debanyere aha na Vassar College tupu ọ gaa Mahadum Toledo, ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ. Otú ọ dị, Cooke ga emecha kwuo na ọ natara nzere bachelọ ya na Vassar na nzere masta na Toledo.[1][2]
N'afọ 1977, Cooke malitere ide akwụkwọ maka The Toledo Blade . Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ọ gbara ajụjụ ọnụ maka ọnọdụ na Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Post, ma were ya n'ọrụ.[2] Ọ sonyeere ndị ọrụ ngalaba "Weeklies" nke Biputere n'okpuru onye nchịkọta akụkọ Vivian Aplin-Brownlee na Jenụwarị 1980. N'ebe ahụ, ọ nwetara aha dị ka onye nta akụkọ na emepụta ihe na onye edemede siri ike, na etinye isiokwu 52 n'ime ọnwa asatọ mbụ ya. Aplin-Brownlee mechara kwuo na Cooke "na-enweghị isi na oké ọchịchọ".[1][2]
Akụkọ ọjọọ e chepụtara echepụta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'isiokwu nke September 28, 1980 na Post, nke akpọrọ "Ụwa Jimmy", [5] Cooke kọwara ndụ a na eche na ọ bụ onye heroin riri ahụ dị afọ asatọ aha ya bụ Jimmy, kwuru na ọ bụ aha nzuzo. [6] O dere banyere "akara agbụ ígwè na emetụta akpụkpọ ahụ dị nro nke aka ya dị gịrịgịrị, nke na-acha nchara nchara", ma kwuo na ọ hụla ihe omume nke ọgwụ heroin, na-akọwa ha n'ụzọ zuru ezu.[2] Isiokwu ahụ mere ka ndị na-agụ ya nwee ọmịiko dị ukwuu, gụnyere Marion Barry, onye bụ onyeisi obodo Washington, D.C. n'oge ahụ.
Ya na ndị ọrụ obodo ndị ọzọ haziri nchọpụta ndị uwe ojii niile maka nwata nwoke ahụ, nke na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma ma mee ka ịkọ nkọ na akụkọ ahụ bụ aghụghọ. Barry, n'okpuru nnukwu nrụgide ọha na eze ịkpọsa mkpebi, kwuru n'ụzọ dị iche iche na etinyela Jimmy na ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ nwụọla.[7][8] Barry kwetara na obodo ahụ ka enweghị ozi gbasara ebe Jimmy nọ, ma tụọ aro na akụkọ ahụ bụ akụkọ ifo, na-ekwu na o yighị ka nne Jimmy ma ọ bụ onye na ere ahịa ga ekwe ka onye nta akụkọ hụ ha ka ha na agba égbè", dịka Cooke kwuru na ọ hụrụ.[2]
Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ n'ime Biputere nwere obi abụọ banyere eziokwu nke akụkọ ahụ, akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gbachitere ya na onye na enyere onye nchịkọta akụkọ Bob Woodward aka nyere akụkọ ahụ maka Ihe nrite Pulitzer maka ide ihe njiri mara, nke e nyere Cooke na Eprel 13, 1981. Akụkọ Associated Press (AP) banyere ndị mmeri Pulitzer gosipụtara profaịlụ akụkọ ndụ, gụnyere ihe ndabere agụmakwụkwọ nke Cooke. Mgbe ndị editọ hụrụ isiokwu ahụ na The Toledo Blade, ha chọpụtara ọdịiche ahụ wee dọọ AP aka na ntị, nke n'aka nke ya kpọtụrụ Biputere.[2] Nnyocha ọzọ nke akụkọ ndụ Cooke kpughere ihe ndị ọzọ ọ gbakwunyere kemgbe e were ya n'ọrụ na Biputere. Nchịkọta mbụ ya kwuru na ọ na-asụ French na Spanish nke ọma, mana o mechara gbakwunye Portuguese na Italian; onye nchịkọta akụkọ Ben Bradlee mechara nwalee ikike asụsụ ya, wee chọpụta na ọ naghị asụ Portuguese ma ọ bụ Italian ma ọ bụ naanị French.[2] Na mgbakwunye, ọ gbakwunyere na ọ gara Mahadum Paris ma nweta onyinye asaa maka ọrụ odeakụkọ ya na Ohio, n'adịghị ka nke o depụtara na mbụ.[2][2]
Na Eprel 14, ndị editọ Post chere Cooke ihu maka nghọtahie ndị a wee kweta na ọ na-echepụta nzụlite ya..[2] Ndị nchịkọta akụkọ nyochara ihe odide ya ma dekọọ ajụjụ ọnụ maka akụkọ ahụ, ọ chọtabeghị ihe akaebe ọ bụla na ọ gbara nwa na eji heroin ajụjụ ọnụ.[1] Ọ bụ ezie na Cooke guzoro na akụkọ ya na mbụ, ọ malitere ịkọ nkọ n'ime awa ndị sochirinụ, tupu ya ekweta na "Jimmy" bụ nke e chepụtara echepụta.[1] N'ụtụtụ Eprel 15, Cooke wepụtara nkwupụta ebe ọ kwupụtara nke a n'ihu ọha ma kwupụta ọpụpụ ya na Biputere. E nyere Teresa Carpenter ihe nrite Pulitzer maka edemede, maka edemede ya na The Village Voice banyere ogbugbu Dorothy Stratten.[9]
Banyere "Jimmy's World", Woodward kwuru, sị: Gabriel García Márquez kwuru banyere Cooke, "Ọ bụ ihe na ezighị ezi na ọ meriri ihe nrite Pulitzer, mana ọ bụkwa ihe na ezighi ezi na ọ nwetaghị ihe nrite Nobel na edemede. " Cooke pụtara na The Phil Donahue Show na Jenụwarị 1982 wee kwuo na ọnọdụ nrụgide dị elu nke Post mebiri mkpebi ya. O kwuru na isi mmalite ya gwara ya banyere ịdị adị nke nwa nwoke dịka Jimmy mana, n'enweghị ike ịchọta ya, o mechara mepụta akụkọ banyere ya iji mee ka ndị nchịkọta akụkọ ya nwee afọ ojuju.
Ndụ e mesịrị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Cooke mechara lụọ onye ọka iwu nke mechara bụrụ onye nnọchi anya mba ọzọ.[3] Di na nwunye ahụ kwagara Paris na 1985, biri ebe ahụ maka afọ iri sochirinụ.[1][4] Otú ọ dị, alụmdi na nwunye ha mechara gbasaa, Cooke kwuru na ịgba alụkwaghịm ahụ hapụrụ ya ogbenye. Ọ laghachiri na United Steeti, na-akwado onwe ya na ọrụ ọrụ ụgwọ dị ala na nkwado ego site n'aka nne ya. [1] [3][4]
N'afọ 1996, o gbara ajụjụ ọnụ banyere ihe omume "Ụwa Jimmy" nye onye nta akụkọ GQ Mike Sager, onye bụbu onye ọrụ ibe Washington Biputere onye ya na ya na akpa nwa oge n'oge ọ nọ ebe ahụ. Cooke na Sager rere ikike ihe nkiri nke akụkọ ahụ na Foto nke kpakpando atọ maka $ 1.6 nde, mana ọrụ ahụ agafeghị usoro edemede.[3][10]
N'afọ 2016, Sager dere na Nyocha akwụkwọ akụkọ Columbia na Cooke "na-ebi n'ime ókèala nke kọntinent United States, n'ime ezinụlọ, ma na-achụso ọrụ na-emetụtaghị ide ihe".
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Jayson Blair, onye nta akụkọ America nke chepụtara akụkọ mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka The New York Times
- Sabrina Erdely, onye nta akụkọ America a maara maka akụkọ Rolling Stone ya a na-akparaghị ókè
- "A Rape on Campus", isiokwu ya a na-akparaghị ókè
- Stephen Glass, onye nta akụkọ America nke The New Republic, onye bipụtara akụkọ ndị e chepụtara echepụta
- Ihe ihere nke ndị nta akụkọ
- Jack Kelley (onye nta akụkọ) , onye nta akụkọ USA Today na onye ikpeazụ maka Pulitzer Prize na 2002, onye jiri ihe e chepụtara echepụta mee ihe na mgbasa ozi mba ụwa ya
- Klas Relotius, onye nta akụkọ German a maara maka imepụta ọtụtụ akụkọ e dere maka Der Spiegel
- Akụkọ ụgha
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Panel Mulls Revoking Pulitzer. CBS News (June 11, 2003). Retrieved on April 3, 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Bill Green, ombudsman (April 19, 1981), "THE PLAYERS: It Wasn't a Game", The Washington Post
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Dutka, Elaine. "Janet Cooke's Life: The Picture-Perfect Tale : The Saga of the Pulitzer Prize Hoaxer Proves to Be a Big Lure to Hollywood--and the Ex-Reporter Resurfaces to Tell Her Story", Los Angeles Times, May 28, 1996. Retrieved on January 18, 2013. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Dutka" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Kurtz. "Janet Cooke's Untold Story", The Washington Post, May 9, 1996. Retrieved on December 27, 2022. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Kurtz" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Cooke. "Jimmy's World", Washington Post, September 28, 1980. Retrieved on July 9, 2016.
- ↑ Collection: Charles Seib papers | Archival Collections. archives.lib.umd.edu. Retrieved on February 11, 2021.
- ↑ Bradlee (1996). A Good Life: Newspapering and Other Adventures. New York: Touchstone.
- ↑ Grossman (November 13, 2011). Forever cooked. The Daily Item. Retrieved on March 27, 2022.
- ↑ A Look Back at the Village Voice's Pulitzer Wins. The Pulitzer Prize (August 25, 2017). Retrieved on December 27, 2022.
- ↑ Prince. "Janet Cooke's Hoax Still Resonates After 30 Years", The Root, October 1, 2010. Retrieved on January 18, 2013.
<ref> tag with name "pulitzer" defined in <references> is not used in prior text.Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Anderson, William (November 2004). "Facts, Fiction, and the Fourth Estate: The 'Washington Post' and 'Jimmy's World'". The American Journal of Economics and Sociology 63 (5): 965–986. DOI:10.1111/j.1536-7150.2004.00331.x.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "A Fraud in the Pulitzers". TIME (nke Canada bipụtara), Eprel 27, 1981. Izu ohi Nke 17.
- Szasz, Thomas "The Protocols of the Learned Experts on Heroin", Libertarian Review, July 1981