Joseph Bartholomew (onye na-emepụta oghere golf)
Joseph Manuel Bartholomew, Sr. | |
|---|---|
| Born | August 1, 1885 New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Died | 12 Ọktoba 1971 (aged 86)[1] New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Other names | Joseph M. Bartholomew, Joseph M. Bartholomew Sr., Joe M. Bartholomew |
| Occupation | Architect |
| Known for | Golf course architectural designs |
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| Aha enyere | Joseph |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1 Ọgọọst 1885, 1 Ọgọọst 1888, 1 Ọgọọst 1881 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | New Orleans |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 12 Ọktoba 1971 |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | golfer, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ |
| agbụrụ | Ndi Afrika nke Amerika |
| ụdị egwuregwu | golf |
Joseph M. Bartholomew, Sr. (August 1, 1885–October 12, 1971), bụ onye America na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, onye ọrụ enyemaka na onye na-emepụta ihe egwuregwu golf . [1] [2] [3]
Ndụ mbido[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Bartholomew mụrụ na August 1, 1885 New Orleans, Louisiana . [4] Agbanyeghị, ụfọdụ akwụkwọ nwere afọ ọmụmụ ya dịka 1881, ma ọ bụ 1888. [5] [1] Ọ gara akwụkwọ ruo na klas nke asatọ. [5] Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka caddy na Audubon Golf Course; n'oge dimkpa, ọ ghọrọ onye na-elekọta ahịhịa na nkuzi. [6]
Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Bartholomew bụ nwoke mbụ n'Afrịka America rụrụ ebe a na-egwu gọlfụ ọha, n'agbanyeghị na a na-egbochikarị ya igwu egwuregwu n'ubi ndị a n'ihi ikewa agbụrụ . [1] Ihe owuwu mbụ ya bụ maka Metairie Golf Club. Mgbe ọ nọrọ oge na New York na-amụ banyere ụlọ akwụkwọ golf, ọ malitere iwu ụlọ akwụkwọ Louisiana na 1922. N'ime afọ iri sochirinụ, Bartholomew haziri ma wuo ọtụtụ ọmụmụ n'ofe Louisiana, gụnyere City Park No. 1, City Park No. 2, na Pontchartrain Park na New Orleans. [7] [8] A kpọgharịrị Pontchartrain aha Joseph M. Bartholomew Sr. Golf Course, maka Bartholomew na 1979. [9] [10]
Bartholomew mekwara ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu nke ya ma gbasaa azụmahịa ya ka ọ bụrụ nhazi ala .
Ọ bụ onye America-America izizi kpọbatara na nnukwu egwuregwu egwuregwu New Orleans nke Fame. [11] Ọ bụ onye nyere aka na Mahadum Dillard na Mahadum Xavier nke Louisiana . [12] Agụnyere profaịlụ Bartholomew na akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ndị Africa American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865–1945 (2004).
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- African-American architects
Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
egbochikarị ya igwu egwuregwu n'ubi ndị a n'ihi ikewa agbụrụ . Ihe owuwu mbụ ya bụ maka Metairie Golf Club. Mgbe ọ nọrọ oge na New York na-amụ banyere ụlọ akwụkwọ golf,
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Johnson. "Overlooked No More: Joseph Bartholomew, Golf Course Architect", The New York Times, 2020-02-05. Retrieved on 2023-02-22. (in en-US)
- ↑ Joseph M. Bartholomew – First African American Golf Course Architect and Designer (en-US). African American Golfer's Digest. Retrieved on 2020-03-15.
- ↑ Kahn. "A Book Remembers Forgotten Architects", The New York Times, 2004-06-03. Retrieved on 2023-03-04. (in en-US)
- ↑ Once Racially Discriminated From His Own Architecture, Joseph Bartholomew is Overlooked No More (en-US). ArchDaily (2020-02-14). Retrieved on 2020-03-15.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Wilson (March 2004). African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945 (in en). Routledge, 35–36. ISBN 978-1-135-95629-5.
- ↑ Joseph Bartholomew. The Cultural Landscape Foundation (TCLF). Retrieved on 2020-03-15.
- ↑ Joe Bartolomew - Hall of Fame (en-US). Official Site of the Allstate Sugar Bowl. Archived from the original on 2020-02-08. Retrieved on 2020-03-15.
- ↑ Campanella (2011). New Orleans City Park (in en). Arcadia Publishing, 62. ISBN 978-0-7385-8758-5.
- ↑ Home (en-US). Joseph Bartholomew Golf Course. Retrieved on 2020-03-15.
- ↑ Sinnette (1998). Forbidden Fairways: African Americans and the Game of Golf (in en). Sleeping Bear Press, 29. ISBN 978-1-886947-42-9.
- ↑ Williams (June 10, 2018). Pontchartrain Park residents seek historic designation for pioneering black subdivision (en). NOLA.com. Retrieved on 2020-03-15.
- ↑ Joe Bartholomew, an early Golfer and Golf Course designer (en). African American Registry. Retrieved on 2020-03-15.