Ndị Enyi nke Ụwa Australia
Ndị enyi nke Ụwa (FoE) Australia bụ njikọ nke ndị otu obodo nọọrọ onwe ha na-arụ ọrụ maka ọdịnihu ọha na eze ziri ezi na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ kwenyere na ịchụso nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi enweghị ikewapụ na nchegbu ọha mmadụ sara mbara, na n'ihi ya na-eji echiche ziri ezi gburugburu ebe obibi na mgbasa ozi ya. E hiwere ya na 1974 ma bụrụ onye otu Australia nke Friends of the Earth International.
Nsogbu mkpọsa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ndị enyi nke ụwa na-atụle ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ha, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ikike mmadụ. Mgbasa ozi ha na-agbatị karịa ebe ọdịnala ọdịnala nke nchekwa nchekwa ma na-achọ ileba anya n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba, ikpe ziri ezi na mmepe nke nkwado.
Mgbasa ozi na ọrụ mba nke FoEA ugbu a bụ:[1]
Ikpe ziri ezi nke ihu igwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Echiche ziri ezi nke ihu igwe na-ekwu maka okpomoku zuru ụwa ọnụ site na ilele onye mgbanwe ihu igwe na-emerụ ahụ, yana otu, na onye na-ahụ maka mmụpụta nke butere okpomoku ahụ. N'okwu bara uru nke a pụtara mkpọsa FoEA maka Australia iji belata ikuku carbon ya gaa n'ogo 'n'ụzọ zuru ụwa ọnụ' ebe na-ekwenyekwa ịnakwere oke nke 'ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ ihu igwe'. N'afọ 2009, ọ malitere otu Coalition for Climate Displacement ma gbasaa ọrụ mgbasa ozi ya ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ dabere na steeti megide mgbasawanye nke ngwuputa coal na mbupụ.
Isi ihe a na-elekwasị anya ugbu a na mkpọsa ihu igwe ya bụ imegide mgbasawanye nke ịdabere na coal nke Australia na ịkwalite mgbanwe na isi mmalite carbon dị ala nke mmepụta ike.
Ndị na-emegide nuklia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Kemgbe mmalite ya, FoEA na-ebuso agha megide akụkụ niile nke usoro mmanụ ọkụ nuklia. ACE Anti-Nuclear Collective bụ mgbasa ozi na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu na FoEA, ma rụọ ọrụ ihe karịrị afọ iri anọ na-eme nchọpụta, ịkụziri na ịgbasi mbọ ike na okwu nuklia. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, nke a gụnyere mkpọsa megide mkpofu mkpofu redio nke a chọrọ maka South Australia na imechi ogbunigwe uranium niile dị, gụnyere ogbunigwe Olympic na Roxby Downs na South Australia. Onye nhazi mgbasa ozi nuklia mba ya bụ Jim Green.
Nanotechnology[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
FoEA na-akpọ oku ka a kwụsị nyocha, mmepe na mmepụta nke nanoproducts aka mgbe a na-emepụta iwu iji chebe ahụike na nchekwa nke ndị ọrụ, ọha na eze na gburugburu ebe obibi site na mmetụta nke nanotechnology.[2]
Kemịkalụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
FoEA na-eme mkpọsa n'ọtụtụ nsogbu kemịkalụ ụlọ ọrụ, ọkachasị ojiji nke Bisphenol A na ngwaahịa ndị na-azụ ahịa na ojiji nke ọgwụ ahụhụ na mmiri ọṅụṅụ.
Nri na-adịgide adịgide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
FoEA Sustainable Food and Agriculture Project na-ekwu maka nsogbu nke ikpe ziri ezi na gburugburu ebe obibi na usoro nri na ọrụ ugbo nke oge a.
Ala na ikike ụmụ amaala[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ọtụtụ ìgwè FoE dị n'ógbè ahụ na-arụkọ ọrụ na mmekorita ya na obodo ndị nwe ala. FoE na-arụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ maka Australian Nuclear Free Alliance (ANFA).
Na mgbakwunye na mkpọsa a na-emekarị, ọtụtụ ndị otu FoE na-arụ ọrụ azụmahịa na ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme dị ka ihe atụ bara uru nke azụmahịa na-adịgide adịgide. N'afọ 1999 FoE Brisbane bidoro ebe a na-eji Reverse Garbage, bụ nke na-ahụta ihe ndị obodo na-eji maka mkpofu ụlọ ọrụ nke ga-aga na mkpofu ahịhịa. Ntugharị igwe kwụ otu ebe (nke na-achọta ma na-edozi ọkpọ ọkpọ ochie) na-arụkwa ọrụ site na FoE Brisbane. FoE na Melbourne anọwo na-arụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ nri na ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ ihe karịrị afọ iri abụọ na, n'oge na-adịbeghị anya ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ organic.
Nkwado[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ndị otu mpaghara na-emepụta ego nke ha. Mgbasa ozi na ọrụ mba na-adabere na onyinye onwe onye, ntọala, ngwaahịa, na ihe nketa. FoE Australia anaghị enweta ego gọọmentị ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ ugbu a.[3]
ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nkatọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
FoE Australia na-anọdụ n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ 'ọnụ ọgụgụ' akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ọ bụ otu n'ime obere ìgwè ndị dị otú ahụ. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ site na usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị ala, nke pụtara na ọ na-etinye obere nkwenye na lobbying nke, ma ọ bụ itinye aka na, ma ọ bụrụ gọọmentị etiti Australia ma ọ bụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ karịa ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Ọ na-eji nyocha, lobbying, ọrụ mgbasa ozi, nkwado ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ime udo iji mezuo ebumnuche ya.
A maara ya maka ịzụlite njikọ na-adịgide adịgide na ọtụtụ obodo na òtù ụmụ amaala n'ebe ndị nwere mmasị.
A katọrọ ya maka ime ihe na-abụghị ime ihe ike site n'aka ọtụtụ ndị na-akọwa ihe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Andrew Bolt, onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Herald Sun na Melbourne). Andrew Bolt bokwara ha ebubo na ha bụ 'ndị na-eme ihe na-eme ka mmadụ maa jijiji' n'okwu gbasara mgbanwe ihu igwe.[4]
Ụfọdụ ìgwè na ndị mmadụ na-echegbu onwe ha banyere mmetụta nke mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ akatọwo uche FoE na-elekwasị anya na oriri na ikpe ziri ezi n'ihe gbasara nkesa akụ ma kpọọ nzukọ ahụ ka ha mee mkpọsa maka mbelata nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ mmadụ.[5]
Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ National Campaigns and Projects. Friends of the Earth Australia. Retrieved on 21 September 2010.
- ↑ Nanotechnology Project. Friends of the Earth Australia. Retrieved on 21 September 2010.
- ↑ Our Funding. Friends of the Earth Australia. Archived from the original on 26 February 2011. Retrieved on 21 September 2010.
- ↑ Bolt (19 June 2008). Age drowns in green myths. The Courier-Mail. Archived from the original on 6 October 2011. Retrieved on 21 September 2010.
- ↑ A critique of the FoE Environment and population position paper (Clive Hamilton). Friends of the Earth Australia. Archived from the original on 15 December 2010. Retrieved on 21 September 2010.
Ịgụ ihe ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- 30 afọ nke Creative Resistance bụ nchịkọta nke ederede na nka na ọrụ nke Friends of the Earth Australia n'ime afọ iri atọ gara aga.
Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Ndị Enyi nke Ụwa Australia
- Ndị Enyi nke Ụwa International
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