Ndị mmekọ Mgbukpọ Ọhịa

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Ala ndị e gburu n'oké ọhịa na Sumatra, Indonesia, na-akwadebe maka mmepe mmanụ nkwụ buru ibu. N'ụwa niile, mgbukpọ ọhịa na-akpata ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 20% nke ikuku carbon kwa afọ. 

Avoided Deforestation Partners, ma ọ bụ AD Partners, bụ òtù na enweghị uru n'okpuru nkwado nke Center for International Policy na Washington, D.C. AD Partners na etinye aka na mbọ zuru ụwa ọnụ iji dozie mgbanwe ihu igwe site n'ịrụ ọrụ iji kwụsị mgbukpọ ọhịa na mba ndị na-ekpo ọkụ.[1][2] Site n'izere omume nke mgbukpọ ọhịa, ya bụ, iwepu ọhịa iji nye ala ugbo dị ọnụ ala (nke a makwaara dị ka "ọrụ ugbo na ere ọkụ"), ụwa na enweta uru dị ukwuu nke ihu igwe nke ịghara ịhapụ carbon n'ime ikuku.[3] Na mgbakwunye, izere mgbukpọ ọhịa na enyekwa ohere ka oké ọhịa na ejide carbon ma na ehichapụ ikuku nke mmetọ.[4] E wezụga ichebe ịdị mma nke ikuku nke ụwa, oké ọhịa ndị dị n'ebe okpomọkụ na eme ka ọnọdụ maka mmiri ozuzo dị mfe, na emezi isi iyi mmiri, na enye ebe obibi maka ọtụtụ ụdị osisi na anụmanụ, ma na akwado ndụ nke ijeri mmadụ 1.6 n'ụwa niile.[5][6][7] Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị na ahụ maka akụ na ụba na ekwu na ịkwụsị mgbukpọ ọhịa bụ usoro kachasị ọnụ ahịa na nke a na agbatị agbatị iji belata gas na ekpo ọkụ. N'ezie, ha kwenyere na ịkwụsị mgbukpọ ọhịa ga-ebelata oge iji dozie nsogbu ihu igwe n'etiti.[8]

AD Partners lekwasịrị anya ma na-aga n'ihu na-akwado maka iwu nchebe ọhịa nke US na nke mba ụwa. Akụkụ dị ukwuu nke mgbalị ha na aga ịkpọkọta ndị isi ụwa site na gọọmentị, ọha na eze na ụwa azụmaahịa na nzukọ mba ụwa United National Climate, nke a makwaara dị ka nzukọ UNFCCC COP.

N'oge na adịbeghị anya, AD Partners sonyeere ọrụ mgbanwe ihu igwe na telivishọn iji nyere aka mee ka a mara banyere njikọ dị oke egwu dị n'etiti mgbanwe ihu igwe yana nnukwu mgbukpọ ọhịa nke na aga n'ihu na eme na mba ndị nwere mmiri ozuzo dị ka Brazil na Indonesia. Maka ọtụtụ n'ime ụwa, echiche ahụ bụ na njedebe nke mgbukpọ ọhịa nwere njikọ kpọmkwem na nke miri emi iji dozie nsogbu ihu igwe ka bụ ihe a na-amaghị ama.[9]

Ọrụ mgbasa ozi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

 

Emmy Award-Winning Showtime Series "Afọ nke Ịdị Ndụ n'Ime Ihe Ize," Oge 1 na 2[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Onye guzobere AD Partners Jeff Horowitz n'elu ikpo okwu na Nokia Theater na LA, ya na onye isi mmepụta David Gelber na ndị ọzọ nọ n'ọkwa nke "Years of Living Dangerously" iji nabata onyinye Emmy.

Iji gbasaa ndị na ege ya ntị maka ozi ha banyere njikọ dị mkpa dị n'etiti mgbukpọ ọhịa na mgbanwe ihu igwe, Jeff Horowitz sonyeere usoro ihe omume Showtime, Years of Living Dangerously dị ka onye na emepụta ihe omume abụọ mbụ metụtara mgbukpọ osisi. Horowitz nwetara ntinye aka nke onye na eme ihe nkiri / onye na-echekwa ihe bụ Harrison Ford dị ka onye na-ede akụkọ ahụ. Ndị na emepụta ihe maka usoro mgbanwe ihu igwe Showtime a bụ James Cameron, onye nwụrụ anwụ Jerry Weintraub, na onye bụbu gọvanọ Arnold Schwarzenegger, tinyere onye na-emepụta 60 Minutes Joel Bach na David Gelber, na ọkachamara na ihu igwe Daniel Abbasi.[10] Dr. Joseph Romm (ClimateProgress.org) jere ozi dị ka onye isi ndụmọdụ sayensị. Usoro ihe omume itoolu ahụ gosipụtara n'oge opupu ihe ubi 2014.[11] Ihe ngosi ahụ meriri 2014 Emmy Award maka Outstanding Documentary ma ọ bụ Best Nonfiction Series.[12] Na mgbakwunye na ịnakwere ndị na emepụta ihe ngosi ahụ, Emmy na ekweta ọrụ nke onye na-emepụta Solly Granatstein, onye na elekọta onye na eme ihe nkiri Jennifer Latham, onye na'ime ihe nkiri Adam Bolt, na onye na ese ihe nkiri Jacob Kornbluth.

Afọ nke Ịdị Ndụ Dị Ize Ndụ "na-ewere ụzọ ọhụrụ na-akpali akpali iji gosipụta mkpa ihe ize ndụ ihu igwe dị n'ihe omume mmadụ... na - ma eleghị anya nke kachasị mkpa - na ekpughe mgbọrọgwụ nke nkewa na ekewa na ọha mmadụ n'ihe gbasara nsogbu a. "[13] A na ewu ọtụtụ afọ dị ka magazin akụkọ" na "ihe omume ọ bụla na ejikọta ọtụtụ akụkọ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị nta akụkọ dị ka Lesley Stahl ma ọ bụ Chris Hayes, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ama ama gụnyere Maazị Ford, Don Cheadle, Matt Damon, Olivia Munn, Jessica Alba na Arnold Schwarzenegger. "[14] Ndị ọzọ a ma ama gụnyere: Mark Bittman, America Ferrera, Thomas Friedman, Michael C. Hall, Chris Hayes, M. Sanjayan na Ian Somerhalder.[15]

"Afọ nke Ịdị Ndụ Dị Ize Ndụ" na onye isi mmepụta Jim Cameron.

Maka akụkụ mgbukpọ ọhịa, Jeff Horowitz sooro onye na eme ihe nkiri Harrison Ford rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede akụkọ ahụ. Maazị Ford, onye bụkwa onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, na eje ozi ugbu a dị ka osote onyeisi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ Conservation International.[16][17] Ajụjụ ọnụ Maazị Ford na Minista Ọhịa nke Indonesia banyere ọnọdụ nke oké ọhịa dị na Ogige Ntụrụndụ Tesso Nilo na-aga n'ihu na ada ụda.[18]

Na mgbakwunye na ịdụ ndị na-emepụta ihe ndụmọdụ na ihe omume nke na eme ka nsogbu na ngwọta maka mgbukpọ ọhịa pụta ìhè, maka akụkụ Indonesia, AD Partners nwetara ajụjụ ọnụ na ndị isi ọrụ gọọmentị na ndị ọrụ obodo.[19] N'iweghachi akụkọ ahụ na US, AD Partners mepụtara akụkọ banyere ụzọ ndị a ga esi jiri usoro nlekota dị mgbagwoju anya soro ndị kpatara mgbukpọ ọhịa. Maka mpempe akwụkwọ a, AD Partners nwetara ikike ime ihe nkiri na NASA Ames Research Center na Google Earth, yana ịgba ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị dị mkpa ajụjụ ọnụ na etinye aka n'ịme ka ha nweta data satellite nlekota ọhịa. Ndị mmekọ AD jikọtakwara otu akụkụ banyere otu ọrụ ugbo dị ugbu a - ọkachasị ndị na etinye aka na mmepụta nke pulp na akwụkwọ, ịzụ ehi, mmanụ soy na nkwụ - bụ ndị na ahụ maka mgbukpọ ọhịa zuru ụwa ọnụ, yana otu ndị na emepụta ihe na ndị na ere ahịa si eduzi mgbanwe nke usoro ọrụ ugbo, wee si otú ahụ mepụta ahịa maka ngwaahịa na adịgide adịgide, nke na enweghị mgbukpọ.[20][21] Oge nke Abụọ bụ nke National Geographic na agbasa n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ 2016.[22] Horowitz rụkọtara ọrụ ọzọ na Years Project dị ka onye na emepụta ihe na onye ndụmọdụ na akọ akụkọ maka ihe omume gbasara mgbukpọ ọhịa na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Akụkọ maka Oge nke Abụọ lekwasịrị anya na mgbukpọ osisi na aga n'ihu n'oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo nke Brazil. A kpọrọ ya "Agha n'ime Ọhịa", ihe omume ahụ gosipụtara onye nta akụkọ ama ama Gisele Bündchen ka ọ na aga n'ala nna ya iji "hụ oke mmebi ahụ ma nyochaa ihe a na eme iji chekwaa oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo [Brazil] maka anyị niile".[23] Ọrụ Ms. Bündchen maka usoro ihe omume ahụ na ewulite n'ọrụ ya dị ka Goodwill Ambassador maka United Nations Environment Programme, dị ka onye guzobere Projeto Agua Limpa (Clean Water Project), yana itinye aka n'ọtụtụ mkpọsa ndị ọzọ iji mee ka a mara ihe kpatara gburugburu ebe obibi.[24][25]

"Time to Choose," bụ ihe ngosi mgbanwe ihu igwe nke onye nduzi na-emepụta ihe nkiri Oscar bụ Charles Ferguson[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Horowitz jere ozi dị ka onye isi mmepụta maka onye nduzi na emepụta ihe nkiri nke atọ nke onye nwetara onyinye Academy bụ Charles Ferguson, "Time to Choose".[26][27] Ihe nkiri ahụ "na enyocha oke nsogbu mgbanwe ihu igwe ma na enyocha ike nke ngwọta dị. "[28] "Oge ịhọrọ" malitere n'ịntanetị na Huffington Post[29][30] A na eme atụmatụ ka ewepụta ihe nkiri ngwọta mgbanwe ihu igwe n'ụwa niile na June 2016. Na mgbakwunye na ije ozi dị ka onye isi mmepụta, mbọ Horowitz na ọrụ ahụ dugara na itinye na ihe nkiri nke ọtụtụ ndị na akwado oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo, gụnyere onye a ma ama na ahụ maka primatologist na onye ozi UN nke udo, Dr. Jane Goodall, DBE; onye isi United National nke mkparịta ụka ihu igwe mba ụwa (UNFCCC Secretary) Christiana Figueres; onye isi oche Unilever Paul Polman; onye isi nke onye isi oche ọzọ nke Indonesia na ahụ Maka Nlekọta na Nlekọta Kunt Mangkusubroto; onye isi ala dị mkpa nke California; onye isi na Conservation International President Jerry Brown; onye isi okwu dị mkpa; onye isi obodo na onye isi ala Russell Brown

"Stop the Burning," bụ ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi banyere mkpa ọ dị ichebe ọhịa, nke Dr. Jane Goodall, DBE kọrọ.[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Horowitz duziri ma mepụta "Stop the Burning," ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi dabere na ajụjụ ọnụ ya na ndị isi ụwa 30 na World Economic Forum na Davos, Switzerland, na 2015. Olu iri atọ dị na "Stop the Burning" - site na gọọmentị, ọha na eze na azụmaahịa - na enye ozi mkpokọta: mgbukpọ ọhịa ga-akwụsị ozugbo ma ọ bụrụ na anyị ga echebe mbara ala anyị pụọ na eziokwu ọjọọ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe. N'ịbụ nke Dr. Jane Goodall kọrọ, ihe nkiri ahụ malitere na Huffington Post na mkparịta ụka ihu igwe nke 2015 na Paris na Grand Palais na ebe ndị ọzọ.[31][32][33] "Stop the Burning" gosipụtakwara na Upworthy dị ka akụkụ nke usoro ha iji kwado mkparịta ụka ihu igwe.[34]

Ihe nkiri akụkọ dị mkpirikpi ahụ gosipụtara, n'usoro ọdịdị, ndị na-akwado ọhịa ndị a: Kansụl Maka Mmepe Na adịgide Adịgide

Jeff Horowitz, onye guzobere, Ezere Ndị mmekọ Mgbukpọ Ọhịa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Jeff Horowitz, onye guzobere Avoided Deforestation Partners

Onye guzobere nzukọ ahụ, Jeff Horowitz, malitere nzukọ ahụ site n'ịkpọkọta ndị isi sitere na gọọmentị, ngalaba onwe na ọha mmadụ iji kwalite ihe ngwọta bara uru, nke a na agbatị agbatị iji chebe ọhịa okpomọkụ. Nkà ihe ọmụma ya bụ na enwere ike inweta nnukwu ngwọta gburugburu ebe obibi site n'ịmepụta njikọ aka n'etiti ìgwè ndị na-amaghị mgbe niile ka ha na arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ. Ntinye aka mbụ ya nke ọma nke usoro a bụ n'oge 2008-09, mgbe Horowitz mere ka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke NGO gburugburu ebe obibi, ndị nnọchi anya ụlọ ọrụ, na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị US sonye n'ịmepụta ụzọ a na ahụkarị iji kwụsị mgbukpọ ọhịa. Ọtụtụ ndị lere atụmatụ a anya dị ka naanị ụzọ a ga esi tinye ndokwa nchebe ọhịa dị mkpa n'ime iwu ihu igwe Waxman-Markey, nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Iwu Ike na Nchebe Dị Ọcha nke America.[35] Ọrụ Horowitz dugara na itinye ọtụtụ ndokwa nke nwere ọnụ ahịa US $ 15 ijeri kwa afọ maka ibelata mgbukpọ ọhịa mba ụwa. Businessweek na Politico kọrọ na Horowitz rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'oge a na edepụta iwu ihu igwe nke US iji chebe oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo, ma nyere aka wulite nkwekọrịta n'etiti otu ndị egwuregwu dị iche iche na arụmụka ahụ.[36][37][38][39][40] Horowitz na aga n'ihu na eje ozi dị ka onye nhazi n'ofe ngalaba maka na nke na abụghị uru maka atụmatụ nkwekọrịta gburugburu ebe obibi maka ichebe oké ọhịa mba ụwa (na ya mere ihu igwe).

N'ọrụ ya AD Partners, a na akpọkarị Horowitz ka ọ sonye na mkparịta ụka mgbanwe ihu igwe dị elu nke mba ụwa. Na mkparịta ụka ihu igwe nke afọ 2015 na Paris, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nhazi maka panel "Earth to Paris", nke gosipụtara Drs. Jane Goodall na Sylvia Earle.[41][42] N'afọ 2014, IUCN kpọrọ ya ka ọ gaa World Parks Congress ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nhazi maka panel ha, "World Leaders" Dialogues: Ọdịnihu abụghị ihe ọ na-eji eme ihe - otu ogige ntụrụndụ nwere ike isi nyere aka wuo ọdịnihu siri ike.[43] Ndị otu ahụ gụnyere Paula Caballero, Senior Director, Environment and Natural Resources Management Global Practice, The World Bank Group; Sally Jewel, odeakwụkwọ nke Interior, United States of America; President Tommy Esang Remengesau Jr., onye isi ala nke asatọ nke Republic of Palau; Margareta Wahlström, odeakwụkwọ ukwu, United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction; na Zhang Xinsheng, onye isi oche nke International Union for Conservation of Nature, onye isi ala ya bụ Eco-Forum Global, na onye isi oche ya bụ onye isi oche China Education Association for International Exchange.

Nkwado Horowitz maka oké ọhịa na-agụnye ọrụ mgbasa ozi maka ndị na-ege ntị na mgbasa ozi, ọ deela kọlụm ndị ọbịa maka ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị ka Huffington Post na Mongabay.com.[31][44][45]

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Jeff Horowitz na-eme ka nnọkọ pụrụ iche dị na ụlọ nzukọ ndị omeiwu US, nke AD Partners kwadoro, na-egosi Senator John Kerry, Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Wangari Maathai, yana ndị obodo na ndị isi azụmaahịa.

Ọrụ AD Partners " raara onwe ya nye ịkwalite US na mba ụwa na iwu nchedo ihu igwe na akụ. Karịsịa, otu ahụ na-akwalite echiche nke "ezere mgbukpọ ọhịa", okwu e chepụtara n'ime mkparịta ụka mgbanwe ihu igwe nke mba ụwa.

AD Partners na ejikọta ndị isi ọha na eze, ndị nwe onwe ha na ndị obodo iji kpalie ndị na eme mkpebi itinye usoro ndị na akwalite ọrụ ugbo na adịgide adịgide nke na enweghị mgbukpọ ọhịa. "[46] Iji mezuo nke a, AD Partners akpọkọwo ihe omume mba ụwa na akwado mbọ United Nations dị ka REDD + (Bedalata Mgbasa Ozi site na Mgbukpọ Ọhịa na Mgbakọta Ọhịa) na Green Climate Fund (lee isiokwu dị n'okpuru: Nkwado maka Nchebe Ọhịa Mba Nile).[47] Na mgbakwunye, nzukọ ahụ emeela mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ na gọọmentị nke na akwalite nchekwa akụ na ụba na mbelata dị ịrịba ama nke mgbukpọ ọhịa site na omume ọrụ ugbo na adịgide adịgide.

AD Partners akwadowo atụmatụ ndị na eme ka ikike nchekwa carbon nke oké ọhịa, si otú a na enye ego carbon nke gọọmentị na ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike ịzụta iji belata ikuku ha. Omume a na akwụ mba ndị na-emepe emepe ụgwọ iji chebe ma jikwaa ọhịa ha nke ọma. Ebumnuche mgbalị a bụ iji gbochie omume na enye ego nke iwepụ oké ọhịa na mba ndị dị ka Brazil na Indonesia ka e wee nwee ike iji ala ahụ mee ihe maka ịta ehi, ịkụ soy, nkwụ mmanụ na ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ a chọrọ nke ukwuu. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ na-atụ aro na usoro nchịkwa ọhịa a dị n'elu ala anaghị edozi mkpa nke obodo ndị dị n'ala.[48]

Onye guzobere The Tropical Forest Alliance: mmekọrịta ọha na eze na nke onwe iji kwụsị mgbukpọ ọhịa na-ekpo ọkụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Kemgbe afọ 2011, AD Partners na arụkọ ọrụ na Consumer Goods Forum (CGF), otu njikọ nke ụfọdụ ndị na ere ahịa na ndị na emepụta ihe kachasị n'ụwa. Ndị otu CGF gụnyere Unilever, Procter & Gamble, General Mills, Coca-Cola, Walmart, na Kraft Foods; ha niile kwuru, ụlọ ọrụ CGF na-anọchite anya $ 3.1 puku ijeri na ahịa kwa afọ.[49] AD Partners anọwo na arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ CGF iji nyere aka mee ka nkwa ha siri ike iji nweta mgbukpọ ọhịa site na 2020.[50][51] Ka ọ na erule n'etiti afọ 2012, AD Partners emeela mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Consumer Goods Forum na Gọọmentị US nke ga enye nkwado maka atụmatụ ha na enweghị mgbukpọ ọhịa. Onye nnọchi anya Don Steinberg, onye osote onye nchịkwa USAID, mara ọkwa mmekọrịta a n'oge ihe omume AD Partners" Rio+20 na June 21, 2012.[52][53] Ndị isi oche ihe omume Dr. Jane Goodall, DBE, na Sir Richard Branson kwupụtakwara nkwado ha maka atụmatụ a. N'ebe ọzọ na nzukọ Rio + 20, odeakwụkwọ nke US Hillary Clinton kwuru na US "na arụkọ ọrụ na... Consumer Goods Forum iji lụso mgbukpọ ọhịa ọgụ site na usoro nnyefe na adịgide adịgide. "[54]

Tinyere mmekọrịta ọha na eze na nke onwe nke Gọọmentị US guzobere n'ihi nzukọ AD Partners Rio + 20, e guzobere nzukọ na-abụghị nke gọọmentị, Tropical Forest Alliance 2020 (TFA2020). Ebumnuche nke TFA2020 bụ ịhazi ụlọ ọrụ ndị isi, gọọmentị na ụlọ ọrụ obodo iji nyere aka nweta mgbukpọ ọhịa na mba ndị dị n'oké ọhịa site na 2020. The Consumer Goods Forum bụ onye isi otu a.[55]

Nkwado Ụlọ Maka Nchebe Ọhịa Mba Nile[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Jeff Horowitz (n'aka ekpe) duziri panel a nke ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi: Sir Richard Branson, onye na eme ihe nkiri / onye na echekwa Edward Norton, na Dr. Jane Goodall, DBE

AD Partners na akwado maka iwu nchedo ọhịa zuru ụwa ọnụ, dị ka REDD+, ma na-akpọkọta ihe omume mba ụwa dị elu iji gosipụta nkwado na ume maka iwu ndị dị otú ahụ n'oge nzukọ dị mkpa dị ka United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties (COP) na Capitol Hill na US. A na eji ihe omume AD Partners eme ihe iji kwalite atụmatụ nchedo ọhịa na dị ka forums maka ọkwa pụrụ iche nke na eme ka atụmatụ gọọmentị na ụlọ ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ihe omume AD Partners" n'oge COP15 na Copenhagen, odeakwụkwọ ọrụ ugbo nke US Tom Vilsack kwupụtara nkwa US nke ijeri $ 1, nke gbara mba ise ndị ọzọ ume itinye ego na ego mmalite REDD, na eweta ngụkọta dị na ijeri $ 3.5.[56] Ndị ọkà okwu ndị ọzọ na mmemme COP15 gụnyere onye isi oche nke Guyana Bharrat Jagdeo, onye isi oche World Bank Robert Zoellick, onye isi UNDP Helen Clark (onye bụbu praịm minista nke New Zealand), Gọvanọ Eduardo Braga (Amazonas State, Brazil), Sir Richard Branson, praịm minister nke Norway Jens Stoltenberg, na Dr. Jane Goodall, DBE, yana ndị isi nke IUCN, WWF-US, NRDC, EDF, TNC, CI, na ndị isi dị elu site na American Electric Power na Duke Energy.[57]

Na 2012 UN kwadoro nzukọ mgbanwe ihu igwe nke mba ụwa na South Africa, AD Partners kwadoro mkparịta ụka nchebe ọhịa dị elu, na-egosi odeakwụkwọ ukwu UN Ban Ki-Moon na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ a ma ama na gọọmentị, NGO na ndị isi azụmaahịa.

N'afọ 2010, n'oge COP16 na Cancún, Mexico, odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations Ban Ki-moon bụ onye isi okwu na ihe omume AD Partners. Odeakwụkwọ ukwu ahụ nyere nkwado ya maka atụmatụ REDD+ mgbe ahụ a na atụle ya na mkparịta ụka ahụ.[58] Onye isi oche Walmart nke bọọdụ ahụ, Rob Walton, kwupụtara mkpebi ụlọ ọrụ ya iji naanị mmanụ nkwụ na adịgide adịgide na mmepụta nke ngwaahịa aha onwe ya site na 2015.[59] Ihe omume ndị ọzọ gụnyere nkwupụta nke Praịm Minista Norway Jens Stoltenberg, onye kwupụtara ọganihu na nnukwu ego mba ya maka ọrụ nchebe ọhịa na Brazil na Indonesia.[60]

Maka COP17 na Durban, ihe omume AD Partners gosipụtara ụtụ nye onye nwetara ihe nrite Nobel Peace Prize Wangari Maathai.[61] Ihe omume ndị dị mkpa gụnyere okwu dị mkpa nke odeakwụkwọ ukwu UN Ban Ki Moon, ozi vidiyo sitere n'aka Onye isi ala US Barack Obama, onye bụbu onye isi ala US Bill Clinton, na odeakwụkwọ nke US Hillary Rodham Clinton, onye ọ bụla kwupụtara nkwado zuru oke maka nchebe nke oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo mba ụwa.[62][63][64][65][66][67] Onye isi ala Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (onye ritekwara ihe nrite Nobel Peace Prize n'afọ ahụ) kwuru okwu site n'aka minista mba ọzọ ya, Dr. Toga Gayewea McIntosh, ma mesie ike mkpa dị ngwa maka ndị otu ahụ ịnakwere Green Climate Fund dị ka ohere dị oke mkpa iji nyere mba dị ka Liberia aka izute ezigbo ihe ịma aka Africa na-eche ihu n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe.[68]

Iwu ihu igwe nke United States[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Senator Kerry na-enye data gbasara mgbanwe ihu igwe nye ndị AD Partners na mgbalị ịkwalite Senate Bill iji chebe ihu igwe anyị na ọhịa ụwa.

Iwu American Clean Energy and Security Act nke House of Representatives wepụtara na June 2009 setịpụrụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ichekwa carbon tọrọ n'oké ọhịa nke ruru 10% nke ikuku US, ma n'ime nke a, wepụ 5% nke ọnụ ahịa ego niile sitere na carbon auctions, nke nwere ike iweta ijeri $ 3-5 kwa afọ, maka nchedo nke oké ọhịa na mba ndị na emepe emepe. A na agwa ndokwa ọhịa nke a na akpọ iwu Waxman-Markey site na ụkpụrụ 14 nke mejupụtara "Nkwekọrịta Ọhịa Tropical na Ịdị n'Otu Ihu igwe," akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta nke AD Partners mepụtara.[69] Iwu Kerry-Lieberman nke Senate nwere otu ebumnuche sara mbara maka ichekwa ọhịa mana o tinyeghị ego ọ bụla iji kwụsị mgbukpọ ọhịa.[2]

Oké ọhịa Tropical na Nkwekọrịta Ịdị n'Otu nke Ihu igwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2009, otu ndị gụnyere Sierra Club, Natural Resources Defense Council, Duke Energy na American Electric Power bịanyere aka na "Tropical Forest and Climate Unity Agreement," usoro ụkpụrụ 14 a kapịrị ọnụ na akwado ahịa na usoro ndị na-abụghị ahịa iji chebe ọhịa okpomọkụ dị ka akụkụ nke iwu ihu igwe US. Nkwekọrịta ahụ, nke ndị otu na emegiderịta onwe ha bịanyere aka na ya, bụ nke Horowitz kwadoro.[70][71][72] Ndị bịanyere aka na ya gụnyere: American Electric Power, Marriott International, Mercy Corps, National Wildlife Federation, Natural Resources Defense Council, NorthWestern Energy, Ohio Corn Growers Association, PG&E Corporation, Republicans for Environmental Protection, Starbucks Coffee Company, The Walt Disney Company, Union of Concerned Scientists, na Virgin Group.[73] E nwere ụfọdụ ihe na egosi (ọ bụ ezie na a chọpụtabeghị ha) na nkwekọrịta a aghọwo ihe nduzi maka iwu ihu igwe ọhịa nke Gọọmentị US.

Mmalite ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

AD Partners tọrọ ntọala na 2007 site n'aka obere ìgwè ndị na ahụ maka nchekwa ọhịa nke Jeff Horowitz na Dr. Charlotte Streck duziri. Ka nzukọ ahụ na agbanwe, Horowitz ghọrọ ihe na akpali atụmatụ ya, yana mmekọrịta ọ mepụtara n'etiti njikọ mba ụwa nke azụmaahịa na òtù ndị na enweghị uru.

AD Partners bụ netwọk na abụghị nke ndị mmadụ na enye oge na ihe onwunwe ha iji kwalite usoro ihu igwe na ike nke US na nke mba ụwa yana ngwọta azụmaahịa nke gụnyere nkwali siri ike iji chebe ọhịa okpomọkụ. AD Partners na akpọkọta ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ ọha na eze na nke onwe iji kpalie ndị na eme mkpebi itinye usoro ndị na ebelata mgbukpọ ọhịa.[74]

Na mgbakwunye na onye guzobere ya, Jeff Horowitz, AD Partners bụ onye isi nchịkwa ya, Margaret Dick, Ph.D. Ms. Dick na ahụ maka atụmatụ nkwukọrịta, nhazi ihe omume mba ụwa na mmejuputa, na ọrụ nyocha.[75] O nwere ahụmịhe dị ukwuu na mmekọrịta ọha na eze na nkwukọrịta ụlọ ọrụ. O nwere Ph.D. na rhetoric na nkwurịta okwu site na Mahadum Purdue ma bụrụkwa onye edemede nke Communication and Social Understanding (2009).[76]

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ Programs. Center for International Policy. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Walsh, Bryan. "Rain Forests Lose Out in Senate's New Climate Bill", Time: Science and Space, 18 May 2010. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  3. ↑ Carbon is the Circle of Life. Carnegie Mellon - Environmental Decision Making, Science and Technology. Archived from the original on 13 December 2015. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  4. ↑ "Scientists Explore Using Forests to Scrub Pollution Out of the Air", NBC News, 9 June 2014. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  5. ↑ Robbins. "Deforestation and Drought", New York Times, 9 Oct 2015. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  6. ↑ Stolton, S.. Managing forests for cleaner water for urban populations. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Corporate Document Repository. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  7. ↑ Forests and People: A Historical Relationship (2011). United Nations - Forest for People fact sheet. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  8. ↑ Deforestation and Greenhouse Gases: 2012 Report. Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  9. ↑ Barrett. "Forests And Water: The Unappreciated Link", Ecosystem Marketplace, 5 March 2015. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  10. ↑ Romm (April 9, 2014). The Brutally Dishonest Attacks On Showtime's Landmark Series On Climate Change. Climateprogress.org. Think progress.org. Retrieved on May 23, 2014.
  11. ↑ Leader. ""Years Of Living Dangerously': Arnold Schwarzenegger And Matt Damon Sign On For Showtime Project" (5 December 2012)", Huffington Post, 12 May 2012. Retrieved on 4 November 2013.
  12. ↑ Romm, Joe. "‘Cosmos’ Garners Four Emmys, ‘Years Of Living Dangerously’ Wins As Top Nonfiction Series," in ClimateProgress, 18 August 2014
  13. ↑ Revkin. "Showtime Series Aims to Engage Sleepy Public on Global Warming with Celebrity Guides", New York Times, April 7, 2014. Retrieved on May 23, 2014.
  14. ↑ Hale. "A Climate of Complexity: 'Years of Living Dangerously,' Celebrity-Filled Documentary", New York Times, April 11, 2014. Retrieved on May 23, 2016.
  15. ↑ O'Connell. ""Showtime Climate Change Doc 'Years of Living Dangerously' Sets Talent Roster (Video)" (31 October 2013)", Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved on 4 November 2013.
  16. ↑ Board of Directors. Conservation International. Retrieved on May 23, 2016.
  17. ↑ Butler. "Harrison Ford causes stir investigating deforestation in Indonesia", Mongabay.com, 9 September 2013. Retrieved on 4 November 2013.
  18. ↑ Basorie. "Tesso Nilo, SBY's Climate Test Case", The Jakarta Post, 7 November 2013. Retrieved on 7 November 2013.
  19. ↑ Butler. Behind the scenes of Showtime's blockbuster series on climate change. Mongabay.com. Retrieved on 30 April 2014.
  20. ↑ About Us. Consumer Goods Forum. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved on 7 November 2013.
  21. ↑ Polman. "Why UN Climate Talks Must Deliver a Brighter Future for Us All", Huffington Post, 30 October 2013. Retrieved on 7 November 2013.
  22. ↑ Andreeva. "'Years Of Living Dangerously' Gets Season 2 on National Geographic Channel With David Letterman In Post-'Late Show' Gig", Deadline Hollywood, 17 September 2015. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  23. ↑ "The Battle in the Forest - Years Of Living Dangerously", Years Of Living Dangerously. Retrieved on 2017-03-12. (in en-US)
  24. ↑ Section (2009-09-21). UN News - Supermodel named newest Goodwill Ambassador for UN environment agency (en). UN News Service Section. Retrieved on 2017-03-12.
  25. ↑ "Gisele Bündchen on Years of Living Dangerously", Years Of Living Dangerously. Retrieved on 2017-03-12. (in en-US)
  26. ↑ Lattman. "'Inside Job' Wins Oscar", New York Times, 28 February 2011. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  27. ↑ Lewitinn. "Time Is Running Out To Stream Academy Award Winner Charles Ferguson's Powerful New Climate Change Documentary Film", The Decider, 1 December 2015. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  28. ↑ Abramorama. Time to Choose. Metacritic.com. Retrieved on May 23, 2016.
  29. ↑ Graham. "'Time To Choose': Watch The New Film From Oscar-Winner Charles Ferguson", Huffington Post, 30 November 2015. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  30. ↑ "COP 21", Brightergreen.org. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Goodall, J.. "A Message to Political Leaders in Paris: Stop the Burning!", Huffington Post, 1 December 2015. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  32. ↑ Butler. "New short film urges world to 'stop the burning'", Mongabay.com, 3 December 2015. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  33. ↑ Events at the IUCN Pavilion – UNFCCC Conference Centre. IUCN.org. IUCN. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  34. ↑ Would you destroy your own grocery store?. Upworthy. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  35. ↑ The American Clean Energy And Security Act (Waxman-Markey Bill). The Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  36. ↑ Curwin, Trevor (15 December 2009). Trees May Win One In Copenhagen. CNBC: Carbon Challenge. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  37. ↑ Lerer, Lisa (20 January 2010). Rainforest allies make headway. Politico. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  38. ↑ Gunther, Marc (7 February 2010). Your parents were wrong. Archived from the original on 4 October 2011. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  39. ↑ Butler, Rhett (14 May 2008). U.S. climate policy could help save rainforests: An interview with Jeff Horowitz, Founding Partner of Avoided Deforestation Partners. MongaBay. Archived from the original on 13 July 2009. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  40. ↑ MacMillan, Douglas (10 January 2008). Switching To Green-Collar Jobs. BloombergBusinessWeek. Archived from the original on June 30, 2012. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  41. ↑ Tapestry of Hope Debuts at COP21. janegoodall.org. Retrieved on 23 January 2016.
  42. ↑ Nahigyan. "Notes From COP21: Photos From #EarthToParis", Planet Experts, 8 December 2015. Retrieved on 25 January 2016.
  43. ↑ World Leaders' Dialogues: The Future Is Not What It Used To Be – how parks can help build a more resilient future. www.iucn.org. International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Archived from the original on 19 February 2015. Retrieved on 8 February 2015.
  44. ↑ Horowitz. "A New Year's Wish: More Tree Hugging CEOs", Blog, Huffington Post, 22 January 2015. Retrieved on 7 February 2015.
  45. ↑ Horowitz. "Connecting the Dots: from Christmas Cookies to Climate Change", Blog, Mongabay.com, 26 December 2014. Retrieved on 7 February 2015.
  46. ↑ Mission Statement. Avoided Deforestation Partners. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  47. ↑ Leber, Jessica. "A Plan to Save Rainforests Gains International Momentum", New York Times, 24 November 2009.
  48. ↑ Davenport, D. (2011). "Forests and sustainability" in Embracing Complexity – Meeting The Challenges Of International Forest Governance. The International Union of Forest Research Organizations. 
  49. ↑ About Us. Consumer Goods Forum. Archived from the original on 11 January 2013. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  50. ↑ Resolution on Deforestation. The Consumer Goods Forum. Archived from the original on 11 January 2013. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  51. ↑ Preston, Saskia. "Consumer Goods Forum plans to tackle deforestation and other key drivers of climate change", The Guardian, 1 December 2010. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  52. ↑ Matthews, Richard (22 June 2012). Rio+20 Announcement: US Partners with CEOs to Reduce Deforestation Through Sustainable Agriculture. The Green Market Oracle. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  53. ↑ Boucher, Doug (6 September 2012). Everybody's Business: Consumer Goods Companies and Tropical Deforestation. Union of Concerned Scientists. Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  54. ↑ Remarks at the U.S.-Africa Clean Energy Finance Initiative Launch. U.S. State Dept. (22 June 2012). Archived from the original on 26 June 2012.
  55. ↑ About Us. Tropical Forest Alliance 2020. http://www.tfa2020.com/ Retrieved 14 Jan 2015
  56. ↑ Greenglass, Nora (16 December 2009). News from COP15 in Copenhagen. Woods Hole Research Center. Archived from the original on February 23, 2014. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  57. ↑ Lang, Chris (19 February 2010). "We must take advantage of low-hanging fruit solutions such as forest conservation": Interview with Jeff Horowitz. REDD-Monitor.
  58. ↑ Walsh, Bryan. "Climate: Speaking the Truth on Avoided Deforestation and Warming in Cancún", Time: Science and Space, 9 December 2010. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  59. ↑ Butler, Rhett (10 December 2010). World leaders: take action now to save forests. Monga Bay. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  60. ↑ Norway's Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg attends the Avoided Deforestation Partners organization .... Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  61. ↑ Mwakilishi (8 December 2011). Wangari Maathai Honored at a UN Event. Archived from the original on 11 January 2015. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  62. ↑ "Secretary-General, in Remarks at Durban Side Event, Stresses Need for Partnerships to Reduce Deforestation, Promote 'Green' Growth", United Nations, 7 December 2011. Retrieved on 25 January 2016.
  63. ↑ "Secretary-General Meets UN Peace Messenger Jane Goodall in Durban", United Nations, 7 December 2011. Retrieved on 25 January 2016.
  64. ↑ Davis. "Dr. Jane Goodall Headlines High-Profile Deforestation Meeting", EnviroMedia, 8 December 2011. Retrieved on 25 January 2016.
  65. ↑ COP 17 - AD Partners Forest Event: President Barack Obama - Wangari Maathai Tribute. Avoided Deforestation Partners (20 December 2011). Archived from the original on 15 November 2015. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  66. ↑ COP17 - AD Partners Forest Event_ Former President Bill Clinton. FirstPost.. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  67. ↑ Video Remarks to the Deforestation Partners Conference. U.S. State Dept.. Archived from the original on 26 February 2013. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  68. ↑ MOFA Press (9 December 2011). Foreign Minister Gayewea McIntosh Addresses the Avoided Deforestation Partners Forum in Durban. Liberian Mandingo Association of NY. Archived from the original on 2015-01-11.
  69. ↑ Petsonk, Annie (24 September 2009). U.N. spotlight shines on efforts to reduce deforestation. Walker Foundation. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  70. ↑ Tropical Forest and Climate Unity Agreement. Archived from the original on 11 January 2015. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  71. ↑ Silva Chavez, Gus (3 March 2010). Tropical forest alliance agrees on key principles for U.S. policy. Environmental Defense Fund. Archived from the original on 22 December 2011. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  72. ↑ Jeff Horowitz: Founding Partner Avoided Deforestation Partners. The Economist. Archived from the original on 24 January 2013. Retrieved on 21 December 2012.
  73. ↑ Kosterlitz, Julie (17 April 2010). Strange Bedfellows Take On Deforestation Corn growers, utilities, and environmentalists find a mutual interest in rain forests. Tropical Forest and Climate Coalition. Archived from the original on 2015-01-11.
  74. ↑ About Us. www.adpartners.org. Retrieved on 25 January 2016.
  75. ↑ Margaret Dick | Experts & Staff | About Us | Center for International Policy. Ciponline.org. Retrieved on 30 September 2009.
  76. ↑ Dick (2010-04-16). Communication and Social Understanding: DICK MARGARET, RIGSBY ELLEN, SCHONFELDT-AULTMAN SCOTT M., TYWONIAK ED: 9780757566264: Amazon.com: Books. ISBN 978-0757566264. 
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