Ndepụta okwu Dolch

Ndepụta okwu Dolch bụ ndepụta nke okwu Bekee a na-ejikarị eme ihe (nke a makwaara dị ka okwu anya), nke Edward William Dolch, onye isi na-akwado usoro "okwu zuru ezu" nke ịmalite ntụziaka ịgụ. E bipụtara ndepụta ahụ nke mbụ n'otu isiokwu nke akwụkwọ akụkọ na afọ 1936 wee bipụta ya n'akwụkwọ ya bụ Problems in Reading na afọ 1948.^[1]^[2]

Dolch chịkọtara ndepụta ahụ dabere na akwụkwọ ụmụaka nke oge ya, nke bụ ihe mere aha ndị dị ka "kitty" na "Santa Claus" ji apụta na ndepụta ahụ kama okwu ndị dị elu ugbu a. Ndepụta ahụ nwere ihe dị ka "okwu ọrụ" narị abụọ na ịrị abụọ nke Dolch chere na a ga-amata n'ụzọ dị mfe iji nweta ọgụgụ nke ọma n'asụsụ Bekee. Nchịkọta ahụ ewepụghị aha, nke nwere ndepụta okwu ịrị itoolu na ịse dị iche. Dị ka Dolch si kwuo, n'etiti 50% na 75% nke okwu niile e ji mee ihe n'akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ ọbá akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ akụkọ, na magazin bụ akụkụ nke okwu anya Dolch; Otú ọ dị, buru n'uche na ọ chịkọtara ndepụta a na afọ 1936.

Ndị nkatọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ndị nkatọ na-akụzi ọgụgụ site na iji okwu dum na usoro asụsụ dum (na ndị na-akwado ụda olu ) na-ekwusi ike na iburu okwu dum n'isi nwere ike imerụ ahụ karịa ka ọ dị mma n'ihi na ọ na-ewe oge site n'akụkụ dị mkpa nke ime usoro ngbanwe bụ isi. ^[3]

Onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ maka akwara, Stanislas Dehaene, na-ede "akparamagwa akparamagwa na-agbagha echiche ọ bụla nke nkuzi site na usoro 'ụwa niile' ma ọ bụ 'asụsụ dum'. " Ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ekwu maka "akụkọ ifo nke ịgụ okwu dum" (nakwa: okwu anya), na-ekwu na nnwale ndị na-adịbeghị anya agbaghaala ya. "Anyị anaghị amata okwu e biri ebi site na nghọta zuru oke nke contours ya, n'ihi na ụbụrụ anyị na-ekewa ya n'ime mkpụrụedemede na eserese. " Cognitive neuroscientist, Mark Seidenberg, na-ekwu "ịnọgide na-enwe echiche asụsụ niile n'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ ihe akaebe megide ha kachasị dị ịrịba ama n'oge a", ma gaa n'ihu ịkọwa ya dị ka "zombie echiche" n'ihi ọ na-aga n'ihu n'ihu na-enweghị ihe akaebe na-akwado. ^[4]^[5]Na mgbakwunye, dị ka nnyocha si kwuo, ncheta okwu dum bụ "ọrụ siri ike", na-achọ na nkezi ihe dị ka ule ịrị atọ na ịse kwa okwu.^[6]

Atụmatụ izi ihe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A ka na-enye ndepụta okwu ndị a maka iburu n'isi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na America na ebe ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ n'ime okwu narị abụọ na ịrị abụọ nke Dolch bụ phonetic, a na-agwa ụmụaka mgbe ụfọdụ na ha enweghị ike "ịda ụda" site na iji usoro ụda na mkpụrụedemede nkịtị ma a ga-amụta ha site na anya; ya mere okwu ọzọ, "okwu anya". A na-ekewa ndepụta ahụ dabere na ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ nke e bu n'uche ka ụmụaka buru okwu ndị a n'isi.

Ndepụta dolch: Ndị na-abụghị aha[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Pre-primer : (mkpụrụokwu ịrị anọ) a, na, pụọ, nnukwu, acha anụnụ anụnụ, nwere ike, bịa, gbadaa, chọta, maka, ọchị, gaa, enyemaka, ebe a, m, n'ime, ọ bụ, na-awụlikwa elu,obere, lee, mee, m, nke m, ọ bụghị, otu, gwuo egwu, uhie, na-agba ọsọ, kwụrụ, hụ, nke, atọ, ruo, abụọ, élú, anyị, ebe, odo, ngi

Klas nke atọ: (mkpụrụ okwu ịrị anọ na otu) banyere, ka mma, weta, buru, dị ọcha, belata, mee, dọrọ, ịṅụ, asatọ, ọdịda, dị anya, jupụtara, too, too, jide, na-ekpo ọkụ, merụọ ahụ, ma ọ bụrụ na, nọgide, nwee obiọma, ọchị, ìhè, ogologo, ọtụtụ, onwe m, ọ dịghị mgbe, naanị, nwe, họrọ, asaa, ga-egosi, isii, obere, malite, iri, taa, ọnụ, gbalịa, na-adị ọkụ

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ndepụta Ọrụ Nchịkọta
Ịmụta ịgụ
Okwu ndị a na-ahụkarị n'asụsụ Bekee
Phonics
Mmụta ịgụ ihe
Okwu a na-ahụ anya
Ndepụta Swadesh
Mkpịsị okwu ndị e ji emepụta
Ịkụzi ihe
Mgbidi okwu

Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

↑ Dolch, E. W. "A Basic Sight Vocabulary." The Elementary School Journal, vol. 36, no. 6, 1936, pp.456-460.
↑ Dolch, Edward William. Problems in Reading. Garrard Press, 1948, pp.99-106.
↑ Seidenberg, Mark (2017). Language at the speed of sight. New York, NY: Basic Books. ISBN 978-1-5416-1715-5.
↑ Stanislas Dehaene (2010-10-26). Reading in the brain. Penquin Books. ISBN 9780143118053.
↑ Seidenberg (2017). "In normal science, a theory whose assumptions and predictions have been repeatedly contradicted by data will be discarded. That is what happened to the Smith and Goodman theories within reading science, but in education they are theoretical zombies that cannot be stopped by conventional weapons such as empirical disconfirmation, leaving them free to roam the educational landscape." Language at the speed of light. ISBN 9780465080656.
↑ Murray (2019). "How do beginners learn to read irregular words as sight words". Journal of Research in Reading 42 (1): 123–136. DOI:10.1111/1467-9817.12250. ISSN 0141-0423.

[1] Dolch, E. W. "A Basic Sight Vocabulary." The Elementary School Journal, vol. 36, no. 6, 1936, pp.456-460.

[2] Dolch, Edward William. Problems in Reading. Garrard Press, 1948, pp.99-106.

[3] Seidenberg, Mark (2017). Language at the speed of sight. New York, NY: Basic Books. ISBN 978-1-5416-1715-5.

[4] Stanislas Dehaene (2010-10-26). Reading in the brain. Penquin Books. ISBN 9780143118053.

[5] Seidenberg (2017). "In normal science, a theory whose assumptions and predictions have been repeatedly contradicted by data will be discarded. That is what happened to the Smith and Goodman theories within reading science, but in education they are theoretical zombies that cannot be stopped by conventional weapons such as empirical disconfirmation, leaving them free to roam the educational landscape." Language at the speed of light. ISBN 9780465080656.

[Bruce_Murray_2019-6] Murray (2019). "How do beginners learn to read irregular words as sight words". Journal of Research in Reading 42 (1): 123–136. DOI:10.1111/1467-9817.12250. ISSN 0141-0423.

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