Nkwekọrịta Escazú

 

Nkwekọrịta mpaghara na ịnweta ozi, nsonye ọha na eze na ikpe ziri ezi n'ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi na Latin America na Caribbean, nke a maara nke ọma dị ka Agreement Escazú (Spanish: Acuerdo de Escazú), bụ nkwekọrịta mba ụwa nke mba 25 Latin America na Caribbean bịanyere aka na ya gbasara ihe gbasara iwu. ikike nke ịnweta ozi gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi, ikere òkè ọha na eze na ime mkpebi gburugburu ebe obibi, ikpe ziri ezi gburugburu ebe obibi, na gburugburu ebe obibi dị mma na nke na-adịgide adịgide maka ọgbọ dị ugbu a na n'ọdịnihu. Nkwekọrịta a ghere oghe nye mba 33 na Latin America na Caribbean. N'ime ndị bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ iri abụọ na ise ahụ, ọ bụ iri na anọ kwadoro ya: Antigua na Barbuda, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Vincent na Grenadines, Saint Kitts na Nevis, Saint Lucia, na Uruguay .

Chico Mendes n'ụlọ ya na Xapuri, Acre, Brazil, na 1988, tupu e gbuo ya n'ihi ọrụ ya maka gburugburu ebe obibi

N'ime usoro nke Nzukọ Ezumezu nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu, e meghere nkwekọrịta Escazú maka ịbịanye aka na 27 Septemba 2018.

Nkwekọrịta ahụ sitere na 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development na ọ bụ naanị nkwekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide a ga-anabata n'ihi ogbako ahụ. Na UN's Economic Commission for Latin America na Caribbean (ECLAC) na-arụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ teknụzụ maka usoro ahụ, e depụtara ya n'etiti 2015 na 2018 wee nakweere na Escazú, Costa Rica, na 4 March 2018. A bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ahụ na 27 September. 2018 wee nọgide na-emeghe maka mbinye aka ruo 26 Septemba 2020. A chọrọ nkwenye iri na otu maka nkwekọrịta ahụ iji banye n'ọrụ, nke e nwetara na 22 January 2021 na ntinye nke Mexico na Argentina. Nkwekọrịta ahụ malitere na 22 Eprel 2021.

Agreement Escazú bụ nkwekọrịta mba ụwa mbụ na Latin America na Caribbean gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi, na nke mbụ n'ụwa gụnyere ndokwa maka ikike nke ndị na-agbachitere gburugburu ebe obibi. Nkwekọrịta a na-ewusi njikọ dị n'etiti ikike mmadụ na nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi site n'itinye ihe a chọrọ n'aka mba ndị otu gbasara ikike nke ndị na-agbachitere gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ na-achọ inye ohere zuru ezu ọha na eze gbasara ozi gburugburu ebe obibi, ime mkpebi gburugburu ebe obibi, na nchedo iwu na nzaghachi gbasara ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ na-amatakwa ikike nke ọgbọ dị ugbu a na n'ọdịnihu maka gburugburu ebe obibi dị mma na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.

Ndị otu na ndị bịanyere aka

Onye otu	Ụbọchị a bịanyere aka	Ụbọchị nkwenye
Antigua and Barbuda	27 September 2018	4 March 2020
Argentina	27 September 2018	22 January 2021
Belize	24 September 2020	7 March 2023
Bolivia	2 November 2018	26 September 2019
Brazil	27 September 2018
Chile	18 March 2022	13 June 2022
Colombia	11 December 2019
Costa Rica	27 September 2018
Dominica	26 September 2020
Ecuador	27 September 2018	21 May 2020
Grenada	26 September 2019	20 March 2023
Guatemala	27 September 2018
Guyana	27 September 2018	18 April 2019
Haiti	27 September 2018
Jamaica	26 September 2019
Mexico	27 September 2018	22 January 2021
Nicaragua	27 September 2019	9 March 2020
Panama	27 September 2018	10 March 2020
Paraguay	28 September 2018
Peru	27 September 2018
Dominican Republic	27 September 2018
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	12 July 2019	26 September 2019
Saint Kitts and Nevis	26 September 2019	26 September 2019
Saint Lucia	27 September 2018	1 December 2020
Uruguay	27 September 2018	26 September 2019

Ogologo oge a na-egbu oge iji kwado ya

Ọtụtụ ndị na-ekwu okwu ekwupụtala obi abụọ na Brazil ga-akwado nkwekọrịta n'okpuru Jair Bolsonaro, onye gọọmentị ya na-akwadoghị usoro gburugburu ebe obibi ma ọ bụ ikike mmadụ. Colombia emechaala kwadoro nkwekọrịta ahụ na July 2022. Colombia nọ n'etiti mba kachasị elu na mpaghara maka ọnwụ nke ndị na-agbachitere gburugburu ebe obibi.

N'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ otu n'ime mba ndị na-eduga na usoro mkparịta ụka maka nkwekọrịta a, Chile kpebiri na ọ gaghị abanye na nkwekọrịta Escazú na mkpebi ikpeazụ. Ọnwa ole na ole ka e mesịrị, Onye isi ala Sebastián Piñera jụrụ nkwekọrịta ahụ dum, o doro anya na ọ bụ n'ihi mkpesa nke Ministry of Foreign Affairs mere banyere arịrịọ nwere ike site na Bolivia iji nweta ikike ọchịchị na Pacific Ocean na nrụgide nke ndị isi azụmahịa. Mgbe Piñera hapụrụ ọrụ na Machị 2022, onye nọchiri ya bụ Gabriel Boric kpebiri ibinye aka na Agreement Escazú, bụ ụgwọ mbụ gọọmentị ya webatara na National Congress. Chile kwadoro nkwekọrịta ahụ na June 2022.

Costa Rica jụrụ ịkwado nkwekọrịta ahụ mgbe Rodrigo Chaves Robles batara n'ọchịchị.

Onye mmeri ntorobịa

Na 2020, maka ncheta nke abụọ nke nkwekọrịta ahụ, The Access Initiative (TAI), United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UN ECLAC) na Gọọmenti Costa Rica họpụtara ndị mmeri ọhụrụ 5, na-anọchi anya David R. Boyd, site na N'etiti ndị na-eto eto na-eme ihe ike gburugburu Latin America na Caribbean:

Mba	Aha
Argentina	Nicole Becker
Chile	Sebastián Benfeld Garcés
Colombia	Laura Serna
Costa Rica	Kyara Cascante
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Nafesha Richardson