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Nnukwu ihe oyiyi nke Amenhotep nke Atọ na Tiye

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Nnukwu ihe oyiyi nke Amenhotep nke Atọ na Tiye
work of art
ebeỤlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Egypt Dezie

Ihe oyiyi dị egwu nke Amenhotep III na Tiye bụ ihe oyiyi otu monolith nke Fero Egypt Amenhotep III nke usoro iri na asatọ, nnukwu nwunye eze ya Tiye, na ụmụ ha nwanyị atọ. Ọ bụ dyad kacha mara amara nke a pịrị apị. [1] Ihe oyiyi a na mbụ guzo na Medinet Habu, Western Thebes ; taa ọ bụ ebe etiti nke nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke Egypt Museum na Cairo .

Nkọwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A na-eji nkume limestone mee ihe oyiyi ahụ, obosara ya bụ 4,4 m, ịdị elu ya bụ 7 m. Anya almọnd na nku anya gbagọrọ agbagọ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a bụ ụdị n'oge ikpeazụ nke 18th dynasty style. Amenhotep nke atọ na-eyi akwa isi nemes na uraeus, afụ ọnụ ụgha na kilt ; ọ nādakwasi aka-ya abua n'ikperè-ya abua. Queen Tiye nọ ọdụ n'aka ekpe ya, etinyere aka nri ya n'úkwù di ya. Ogologo ya hà nhata nke Fero, nke na-egosi ọkwa ya a ma ama. Ọ na-eyi uwe ogologo nkwonkwo ụkwụ, dabara adaba na wig dị arọ nke nwere isi udele, modius na uraei abụọ. A na-ekpu ugo na udele, ube aka nri kwesịrị ekwesị na-eyi okpueze ọcha nke Upper Egypt, ebe aka ekpe kwesịrị ekwesị na-eyi okpueze uhie nke Lower Egypt .

Ihe oyiyi atọ ndị dị nta na-egosi atọ n'ime ụmụ ha nwanyị. Princess Henuttaneb, guzo n'etiti nne na nna ya, a na-egosipụta dị ka nwanyị toro eto, [2] na uwe dị nso na wig zuru ezu na modius na plumes ma na-enweghị uraei (nke a bụ nanị ọdịiche dị n'etiti isi isi nne ya na nke ya). N'akụkụ Amenhotep ka ihe oyiyi nke otu nwa nwanyị nke obere mebiri emebi, Nebeta, nọkwa n'akụkụ Tiye, ihe oyiyi adaeze ọzọ mebiri emebi, onye aha ya furu efu. Dyad bụ otu n'ime ihe oyiyi abụọ a ma ama na-egosi Henuttaneb, na naanị otu nke Nebeta.

Ọ ga-abụ na a kpụrụ ihe a kpụrụ akpụ n’akụkụ ememme sed mbụ nke Amenhotep nke Atọ. Arielle Kozloff na-ede na afọ nke ụmụ nwanyị ndị a na-egosi na ihe ncheta ahụ, karịsịa nke Henuttaneb, na ụdị nke Queen Tiye's wig, bụ nke "nke kachasị ewu ewu, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ kpuchie ihu ya" na-egosi na e mere ihe oyiyi ahụ n'ime afọ iri nke atọ. nke eze. Ọ ga-ekwe omume na e mere ya site na ezigbo nkume limestone nke e wepụrụ iji mepụta oghere oghere nke TT192 - nnukwu ili nke Queen Tiye's steward Kheruef, ọrụ nke malitere n'oge a. [3]

Nwa ada nke di na nwunye eze, Sitamun anọghị n'òtù ihe oyiyi ahụ, eleghị anya n'ihi na e buliri ya n'ọkwá nke nnukwu nwunye eze site n'afọ 30 nke ọchịchị Amenhotep. [2] Henuttaneb bụ nwa nwanyị nke abụọ ma ọ bụ nke atọ, amụrụ tupu ma ọ bụ mgbe Iset gasịrị, onye ghọrọ eze nwanyị na Afọ 34. Ọ dịghị ebe a na-akpọ Henuttaneb dị ka eze nwanyị, ma na colossus a kọwara ya dị ka "onye enyi Horus, onye dị n'obi ya". Nke a bụ naanị ihe atụ nke aha eze nwanyị a ka a na-enye adaeze, a na-edekwa aha ya mgbe ụfọdụ na katouche, nke nwere ike igosi na e buliri ya ịbụ eze nwanyị dị ka Sitamun na Iset. [4] Adaeze nke atọ nọ n'elu ihe oyiyi ahụ, onye e bibiri aha ya bụ mgbe ụfọdụ ka a na-amata ya dị ka Iset, mana Amenhotep nwere ike inwe ihe ruru ụmụ nwanyị iri na isii, ọ bụghị ha niile ka anyị maara. [5]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Echiche nke ihe oyiyi si n'ebe dị anya, na ihe ngosi nka

Ihe oyiyi a bụ nke ụlọ nsọ Amenhotep nke atọ, bụ nke a na-ebibikarị kemgbe, ma n'oge ya bụ ụlọ nsọ kachasị na Thebes, karịa ọbụna ụlọ nsọ Karnak . Dị ka e wuru ya dị nso na ala idei mmiri ahụ, ihe na-erughị narị afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ọ kwụsịrị na mkpọmkpọ ebe na ọtụtụ n'ime nkume ya bụ ndị Fero mechara jiri rụọ ọrụ ụlọ nke ha. [6] Ebe a chọtara ihe oyiyi ahụ yiri ka ọ̀ bụ ọnụ ụzọ ámá dị n’ebe ndịda nke ogige ozu ụlọ nsọ ahụ, ebe ọ dị n’ebe dị anya site n’ụlọ nsọ ahụ dị ka Kọlọsi nke Memnon n’ọnụ ụzọ ámá dị n’ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Ihe ọzọ nwere ike ime bụ na Ramesses nke Atọ weghaara dyad ahụ mgbe ọ na-eji ihe mgbochi sitere na ụlọ nsọ Amenhotep wuo nke ya na Medinet Habu, ọ bụ ezie na ekpochapụghị aha mbụ. A hụrụ ihe oyiyi ahụ na njedebe narị afọ nke 19 na iberibe. [1] N'afọ 1897, Georges Daressy bufere mpekere ndị ahụ gaa n'ihu obere ụlọ nsọ Amun dị na Medinet Habu dị nso; E mesịa, a kpọgara ha Cairo ma gbakọtakwa maka mmeghe nke ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Egypt na 1902. [5] Colossus nwere nọmba katalọgụ M610; Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Princess Henuttaneb nwere nọmba dị iche, JE 33906. [7]

A 27,6 cm isi limestone, nke a chọtara na mkpokọta nzuzo, tụgharịrị bụrụ isi nke Princess Nebeta na akụkụ nke ihe oyiyi a. Nebeta nọ a-yiri afụnfụ-afụnfụn rịn rị e mẹ modisu; A ka nwere ike ịchọpụta akara n'akụkụ mkpọchi ntorobịa . O nwere otu anya yiri almọnd nke nwere nkuanya a kpụrụ akpụ nke ọma na ahịrị ịchọ mma dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọzọ nke otu ahụ. O yikarịrị ka a ga-ama ụma wepụ isi ya na otu ihe oyiyi ahụ, ma eleghị anya n'oge ochie, kpughee ya n'ala ruo ogologo oge - ebe ọ bụ na ọ dị njọ karịa ihe oyiyi ndị ọzọ -, a chọtara ya tupu 1897. mgbe ewepụrụ ihe oyiyi nke fọdụrụ n’ebe ọ nọ. Ọ bụ nke mkpokọta nzuzo nke French na mmalite narị afọ nke 20, egosipụtara dị ka akụkụ nke mkpokọta W. Arnold Meijer na Amsterdam na 2005-2006 wee ree ya maka US$206,500 na 2008. E tinyere kpọmkwem otu isi ya na ihe oyiyi ahụ dị na Cairo. [5]

Ebe mbụ ebe ụlọ nsọ Amenhotep III guzoro n'otu oge

N'afọ 2011, a chọtara ọtụtụ iberibe ihe oyiyi ahụ n'oge a na-egwupụta ihe mgbapụta tupu etinyere usoro nsị mmiri ọhụrụ n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Luxor. Enwere ike wughachi ihe ndị a ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ isii na-efu efu nke ihe oyiyi ahụ, gụnyere akụkụ isi isi, igbe na ụkwụ aka nri nke eze, akụkụ wig, ogwe aka ekpe, nkwụ, mkpịsị aka na ụkwụ nke eze nwanyị, na akụkụ nke ntọala ihe oyiyi ahụ, yana onye nubian. N'ihi iberibe iberibe akwụkwọ ndị ahụ enweghị ihe odide n'elu ha, ha siri ike na mbụ, mana Amenhotep nke Atọ bụ nanị usoro eze nke iri na asatọ nke Fero nwere nnukwu ihe oyiyi dị otú a ma a chọtara ha nanị n'ụlọ nsọ ya na Medinet Habu; nke a nyere aka mee ka iberibe ihe ndị ahụ kwekọọ na colossus na ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Cairo. Site na akụkụ ndị a chọtara ọhụrụ agbakwunyere ihe oyiyi ahụ bụ 70% zuru ezu. [8] [9]

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Ihe oyiyi granite na-acha uhie uhie nke Amenhotep III

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. 1.0 1.1 W. Raymond Johnson: Monuments and Monumental Art under Amenhotep III. In: Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign. (edited by David O'Connor, Eric H. Cline) p.73
  2. 2.0 2.1 Arielle Kozloff: Amenhotep III: Egypt's Radiant Pharaoh. Cambridge University Press, Feb 20, 2012. 9781139504997 p.193
  3. Kozloff, op.cit., p.155
  4. Dorothea Arnold, Metropolitan Museum of Art: Royal Women of Amarna, p.9
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 An Indurated Limestone Head of Princess Nebetah, reign of Amenhotep III, 1390-1353 B.C.. Archived from the original on 2018-03-02. Retrieved on 2018-03-01. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Sothebys" defined multiple times with different content
  6. Grimal, Nicolas (1992). A History of Ancient Egypt. Blackwell Books. p.224
  7. Bryan, op.cit., p.33
  8. Zahi Hawass, Abdel Ghaffar Wagdy, Mohamed Abdel Badea: The Discovery of the Missing Pieces of the Statue of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye at the Egyptian Museum, Cairo.
  9. Nevine Al Aref (2011-01-09). Parts of Amenhotep III's double statue uncovered in Luxor. Ahram Online. Retrieved on 2018-03-01.