Ogige nchekwa okike
Ebe nchekwa okike siri ike (IUCN category Ia) ma ọ bụ ebe ọzara (IUC N category Ib) bụ ụdị kachasị elu nke ebe echedoro nke World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) kwadoro, ahụ nke bụ akụkụ nke International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCn). Ebe ndị a bụ ebe ndị a na-echebe nke ọma.
Ogige ntụrụndụ siri ike na ebe ọzara bụ ebe a na-echebe nke a na-emepụta ma na-achịkwa maka ebumnuche nyocha ma ọ bụ maka ichebe nnukwu, ebe ndị a na-emetọghị. Ebumnuche ha bụ ichekwa ụdị dị iche iche dị iche iche na dị ka ebe dị mkpa maka ọrụ sayensị na nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi.
- A na-eguzobe ebe nchekwa okike siri ike nke IUCN category Ia naanị maka ọrụ sayensị.
- A na-akọwa mpaghara ọzara nke IUCN dị ka "ebe buru ibu a na-agbanwebeghị ma ọ bụ nke gbanwere ntakịrị, na-ejigide ọdịdị na mmetụta ha, na-enweghị ebe obibi mmadụ na-adịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ dị mkpa, nke a na-echebe ma na-elekọta iji chekwaa ọnọdụ ha. "
A na-achịkwa ojiji na intrusion n'ụzọ siri ike. N'ihi ya, ebe nchekwa okike siri ike na-abụkarị mpaghara ndị bụ isi, na mpaghara ọzara na-arụ ọrụ dị ka mpaghara mgbochi, yiri echiche eji eme ihe maka ogige ntụrụndụ mba (nke bụ IUCN category II), kamakwa maka UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Ebe ndị a na-echebe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Austria
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Na Austria, ọ bụ naanị otu mpaghara ka a họpụtara dị ka mpaghara IUCN nke m chebere:
- Urwald Rothwald (IUCN Ia) na Wildnisgebiet Dürrenstein (Ib), Lower Austrian Eisenwurzen
A na-echebe akụkụ nke Diego Garcia na agwaetiti ndị ọzọ dị na British Indian Ocean Territory dị ka ebe nchekwa okike siri ike.[1]
France
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'ịbụ nke e mepụtara n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro na 1950s, Integral Biological Reserves (French: Réserves biologiques intégrales, RBI) raara onwe ya nye evolushọn gburugburu ebe obibi na-enweghị mmadụ, n'adịghị ka Managed Biological reserves (Frenh: Résers biologiques dirigées, RBD) na-etinye njikwa a kapịrị ọnụ iji chekwaa ụdị ndị na-adịghị ike ma ọ bụ ebe obibi ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ.[2]
Integral Biological Reserves na-ewere ọnọdụ na French State Forests ma ọ bụ City Forests ma ya mere National Forests Office na-elekọta ya. N'ime ebe nchekwa ndị dị otú ahụ, a machibidoro ihe ubi niile ma e wezụga mwepụ nke ụdị dị iche iche ma ọ bụ ọrụ nchekwa nke ụzọ iji zere ihe ize ndụ osisi dara maka ndị ọbịa (ụzọ dị ugbu a ma ọ bụ na nsọtụ ebe nchekwa ahụ).
Na ngwụcha afọ 2014, e nwere 60 Integral Biological Reserves na French State Forests maka ngụkọta nke 111,082 hectare (1,110.82 km2; 274,490 acres) na 10 na City Forests maka ngalaba nke 2,835 hectare (28.35 km2; 7,010 acres).[3]
Germany
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Atụmatụ mba nke gọọmentị etiti Germany maka ụdị dị iche iche ruo 2020 nke e bipụtara na 2007 setịpụrụ ebumnuche nke ikwe ka 2% nke mpaghara Germany melite n'ụzọ okike na n'ụzọ a na-enweghị nsogbu n'ime ala ịkpa.[4]
United States
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Na mpaghara ọzara US (NWPS) bụ ụdị kachasị sie ike nke ebe echedoro. A na-ahọpụta ha site na iwu dịka Iwu Ọzara nke 1964 si dị site na United States Congress. Ha ga-abụrịrị ndị buru ibu iji chekwaa ihe onwunwe ha nke ọma ma enwere ike ịbanye naanị n'ụkwụ, n'ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ n'elu ịnyịnya. Obere ihe ndị ọzọ bụ nnukwu ebe ndị dị n'ọzara n'Alaska. E nwere ihe karịrị 800 ebe ọzara a ma ama.
Ndepụta zuru ezu nke IUCN category 1a na 1b saịtị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndepụta zuru ezu nke mba (dị ka nke 2016) nwere saịtị IUCN nke 1b nwere ike ịchọta na Ntuziaka Nlekọta maka IUCN Nke 1b (ọzara) Ebe Nchedo.[5] Ihe enyemaka kachasị ọhụrụ bụ Protected Planet World Database on Protected Areas, nke ọtụtụ nzacha nwere ike ịchọ gụnyere ọkwa IUCN na mba.
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ụdị mpaghara echedoro nke IUCN
- Ala mara mma
- Ọzara
Ebe e si nweta ya
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Nigel Dudley (25 September 2012). Guidelines for applying protected area management categories (2008 , pdf in en, fr, es). IUCN. ISBN 978-2-8317-1086-0. Retrieved on January 17, 2013.
- Casson, S. na ndị ọzọ (Ndị Ed. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ógbè Ndị A Na-echebe Ọzara: Ntuziaka Nchịkwa maka IUCN Nkeji 1b (ọzara) Ógbè Ndị Echebe
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Terrestrial Protected Areas. British Indian Ocean Territory. Retrieved on 26 August 2018.
- ↑ 1995 & 1998 National Forests Office internal instructions in application of the last paragraph of article L. 212-2 of the French Forest Act
- ↑ L'ONF (30 October 2018).
- ↑ www.blickpunkt-brandenburg.de. Accessed on 11 Jun 2011.
- ↑ (2016) Wilderness protected areas : management guidelines for IUCN category 1b protected areas, Casson, Sarah A., IUCN/WCPA Wilderness Specialist Group.. ISBN 9782831718170. OCLC 1145252578.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- IUCN - World Commission on Protected Areas (engl.)
- IUCN Protected Area Category 1b Management Guidelines, (engl.)
- IUCN-Schutzgebietskategorien (pdf)
- World Database of Protected Areas, UNEP-WCMC.org
