Okporo ụzọ Mba Nile
| webụsaịtị | https://cintl.org/fr  |
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Crossroads International bụ ọgbakọ mmepe mba ofesi Canada dabere na Toronto na Montréal . Ego site n'aka Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), [1] Crossroads bụ nke a raara nye ịkwalite ikike ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ na ibelata ịda ogbenye na West Africa, South Africa, na Bolivia .
Ozi na ụkpụrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Crossroads International na-arụ ọrụ iji mepụta ụwa ziri ezi na nke na-adịgide adịgide site na itinye aka na ịkwado ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu, òtù dị iche iche na obodo site na mmụta, ịdị n'otu na imekọ ihe ọnụ. Ozi ahụ na-aga n'ihu n'ọhụụ bụ isi na mbọ Crossroads International, Otu ụwa ebe a na-ekpochapụ ịda ogbenye, ịha nhatanha na-emeri ma mezuo ikike nke ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ . [2] Crossroads International kwenyere na ụmụ amaala na-arụsi ọrụ ike, nha nha nha na ịdị iche iche, ịdị n'otu n'etiti North na South, ihe ọhụrụ na mmụta, yana nghọta na nkọwa.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Crossroads International, nke e hiwere na mbụ n'okpuru aha Operation Crossroads Africa, tọrọ ntọala na 1958 site n'aka onye nkwusa America bụ James Herman Robinson, bụ onye kwalitere ọhụụ ya nke Otu Ụwa . O kwenyere na ndị mmadụ na-adịkarị ka ndị dị iche, na site na ibi ndụ na ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ anyị nwere ike ịmepụta ụzọ dị iche iche nke omenala na ahụmahụ onwe onye nke na-emecha na-akwado mgbanwe dị mma nke onye ọ bụla na nke ọha mmadụ. [3] N'ihe gbasara otu ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na United States, echiche ọhụrụ na nsonye nke Robinson na-agba ume imekọ ihe ọnụ n'etiti ndị isi ojii na ndị ọcha Canada, ndị America na ndị Africa na ọrụ mmepe dọtara ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo. Otu a ka Peter Parris si bụrụ onye Crossroader mbụ ga-aga mba ofesi mgbe o wepụtara onwe ya na Naijiria na 1958.
Ọnụọgụ nke iwu mụbara ngwa ngwa. Ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo iri gara mba ọzọ na 1960 ma ka ọ na-erule 1969, ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo 257 ekerewo òkè n'ihe omume esenidụt. [4] Na 1969, e nyere Canadian Crossroads International akwụkwọ ikike dị ka òtù ọrụ ebere, dị iche na Operation Crossroads Africa, na nke mbụ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na mba ndị na-abụghị mpaghara Africa. N'otu afọ ahụ, e hiwere alaka francophone na Montreal, bụ́ nke na-ahụ maka itinye ya na mba Africa ndị na-asụ French. Na 1971, Crossroads malitere mmemme To-Canada, na-ebute ndị sonyere Africa na Canada . Nke a sochiri mmemme Interflow, mmemme mgbanwe South-South ọhụrụ. Na 2011, a nakweere aha nzukọ ugbu a, Crossroads International, iji gosi n'ezie ọdịdị mba ụwa nke ọrụ ya.
Ụbọchị ugbu a[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ruo ugbu a, Crossroads International ahaziri ihe karịrị ọrụ afọ ofufo 8,000. Dabere na Toronto na Montréal, Crossroads na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a na ndị mmekọ na West Africa, South Africa na South America ( Bolivia ). Crossroads International dị na mba asatọ, nwere ihe karịrị ọrụ 25 na ndị mmekọ. Ịkwalite ikike ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ na ilekwasị anya na mbelata ịda ogbenye na ibi ndụ na-adịgide adịgide bụ isi na mmemme Crossroads International. Crossroads International bụ onye otu Association québécoise des organismes de coopération international (AQOCI) . [5] Crossroads International na-ekerekwa òkè na mmemme nke Ministry of International Relations ' Québec sans frontières (QSF), na-ekwe ka ndị na-eto eto si Quebec sonye na ahụmahụ mmekọrịta mba ụwa na mba ọzọ. [6]
Ụdị nke Crossroads nke imekọ ihe ọnụ afọ ofufo enyela ọtụtụ ahụmahụ echefu echefu na ụgwọ ọrụ maka Crossroaders, gụnyere onye edemede Lawrence Hill . N'afọ a, Hill meriri n'asọmpi Combat des Livres Radio-Canada maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya Akwụkwọ nke Negroes, bụ nke sitere na afọ ọrụ ya na Crossroads International na Western Africa. [7] Yana Crossroaders, Ann McCain Evans malitere na 1976 mgbe o wepụtara onwe ya na Crossroads na ntinye na Etiopia. Mgbe ahụ, ọ bụụrụ onye enyemaka pụrụ iche nye Hon. Gerald Regan na Ottawa site na 1981 ruo 1984 wee rụọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ nkata onyinye nke ya ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Ọzọkwa, Lyse Doucet bụ onye isi ihe ngosi na onye nta akụkọ maka BBC World TV na BBC World Service redio . A na-ebunyekarị ya ka ọ kwado akụkọ akụkọ pụrụ iche sitere n'ubi, gụnyere nnukwu ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha. Ahụmahụ mbụ ya na mba ofesi bụ Crossroads International, mgbe o wepụtara onwe ya na Côte d'Ivoire na 1982. Audrey McLaughlin wepụtara onwe ya na Barbados na Crossroads International na 1986. Mgbe ahụ a họpụtara ya na House of Commons maka Yukon dị ka onye so na New Democratic Party na ntuli aka ime obodo na 1987 wee họpụta ya na ntuli aka izugbe nke 1988 na 1993. N'ịbụ onye ahọpụtara dị ka onye ndu nke otu ahụ na Disemba 2, 1989, McLaughlin ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ ga-edu otu nnukwu pati gọọmenti etiti na Canada. O duuru pati ahụ afọ isii sochirinụ. [8]
Senator Donald H. Oliver gara mba ofesi na Crossroads na 1962, na-emecha ntinye na Etiopia. Mgbe a kpọchara ya na Bar na Nova Scotia, Senator Oliver wuru omume na-aga nke ọma dị ka onye na-ekpe ikpe obodo ma kụziere iwu na ọtụtụ mahadum. Mgbe e mesịrị, dị ka onye a na-asọpụrụ nke ukwuu nke Conservative Caucus na onyeisi oche nke Senate Standing Committees, o nwere ọganihu ọha amụma na mpaghara sitere na ego, ugbo, ọhịa, nkwurịta okwu na ụgbọ njem na bank, ahia, azụmahịa, ikike mmadụ na ọrụ nha anya. Ọzọkwa dị ka Crossroaders, Dr. Peter Parris bụ onye Canada mbụ gara esenidụt na Operation Crossroads Africa, wepụtara onwe ya na Nigeria na 1958. Ọ bụ ugbu a Prọfesọ Emeritus na Princeton Theological Seminary. Ọ bụbu onye isi oche nke Society for the Study of Black Religion, American Academy of Religion, na Society of Christian Ethics . Paris bụ onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke usoro okpukpe, agbụrụ, na agbụrụ nke New York, onye nchịkọta akụkọ izugbe nke History of the Riverside Church na New York City, ma na-eje ozi na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ. J. Robert S. Prichard bụ onyeisi oche nke Torys, ụlọ ọrụ iwu azụmahịa mba ụwa nke a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke ukwuu. Ọ bụkwa Onye isi ala Emeritus nke Mahadum Toronto ebe ọ na-arụbu ọrụ dịka onye isi iwu na dịka prọfesọ ọkachamara na iwu na akụnụba. Ọ bụ onye ọrụ nke Order of Canada, onye otu Order of Ontario na onye otu Royal Society of Canada . Maazị Prichard wepụtara onwe ya na Crossroads International na Zambia na 1969. N'ikpeazụ, Betty Plewes ejirila ọtụtụ ọrụ ya rụọ ọrụ na nkwado mba ụwa. N'ịgbaso ọtụtụ ọrụ afọ ofufo n'ọtụtụ mba Africa, ọ rụzuru ọrụ nchịkwa dị iche iche na CUSO . Plewes na Crossroads International na-emekọrịta ihe kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ; Nke mbụ dị ka onye ọrụ afọ ofufo na 1964 (Ethiopia) na 1968 (Liberia). A họpụtara ya Secretary Executive na 1968. Mgbe ahụ, na 2004 ọ sonyeere Board ma ọ bụ ndị nduzi na-eje ozi okwu atọ na-agwụ na 2010. [8]
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
na-aga n'ihu n'ọhụụ bụ isi na mbọ Crossroads International, Otu ụwa ebe a na-ekpochapụ ịda ogbenye, ịha nhatanha na-emeri ma mezuo ikike nke ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ . Crossroads International kwenyerena-aga n'ihu n'ọhụụ bụ isi na mbọ Crossroads International, Otu ụwa ebe a na-ekpochapụ ịda ogbenye, ịha nhatanha na-emeri ma mezuo ikike nke ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ . [9] Crossroads International kwenyere
- ↑ Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development. Acdi-cida.gc.ca (2013-09-01). Archived from the original on 2013-06-19. Retrieved on 2013-09-08.
- ↑ Mission, Vision Values - Crossroads International - Carrefour International. Cintl.org (2013-07-09). Retrieved on 2013-09-08.
- ↑ ROBINSON, James H. Tomorrow is Today 1994
- ↑ Robinson, James Herman (1907-1972). Amistad Research Center. Archived from the original on 2013-09-28. Retrieved on 2013-09-08.
- ↑ Répertoire des membres - Association québécoise des organismes de coopération internationale. AQOCI. Retrieved on 2013-09-08.
- ↑ Québec Sans Frontières (QSF) - Association québécoise des organismes de coopération internationale. AQOCI. Retrieved on 2013-09-08.
- ↑ Livre | Combat des livres | Plus on est de fous, plus on lit! | ICI Radio-Canada Première. Radio-canada.ca (2000-09-01). Retrieved on 2013-09-08.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Honorary Patrons (en-US). Crossroads International. Retrieved on 2019-06-05."Honorary Patrons". Crossroads International. Retrieved 2019-06-05. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Mission, Vision Values - Crossroads International - Carrefour International. Cintl.org (2013-07-09). Retrieved on 2013-09-08.