Olga Luzardo
Olga Luzardo (29 Febrụwarị 1916 - 19 Septemba 2016) bụ onye odeakụkọ Venezuelan, onye na-ede uri na onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụ onye ndu na pati Communist nke Venezuela, na-eje ozi dị ka onye so na kọmitii etiti na ụlọ ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọtụtụ oge n'ime afọ 80 ọ tinyere aka na pati ahụ.[1]
Oge ọ malitere ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A mụrụ Olga Luzardo na Paraguaipoa dị na steeti Zulia nke Venezuela na 1916, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ akwụkwọ kọrọ afọ ọmụmụ ya dị ka 1918. Ndị mụrụ ya bụ Aramis Luzardo y Margarita Finol.[2]
Mgbe ọ dị afọ 12, ọ ghọrọ akụkụ nke okirikiri Marxist mbụ na Maracaibo's Baralt na Urdaneta plazas. Site n'aka onye na-ede uri na onye nkụzi bụ Jesús Enrique Lossada, a kpọbatara ya n'ọrụ Karl Marx, Maxim Gorky, Friedrich Engels, Nikolai Bukharin, na Vladimir Lenin. [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ]
O sonyekwara n'ọgụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị na 1928, na-ekwupụta mmeso ọjọọ na ịkpa ókè n'ebe ọrụ.[1][3]
Mgbalị[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Luzardo bụ onye otu Patriotic Women's Society, otu ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ngagharị iwe ma na-alụ ọgụ megide ọchịchị aka ike nke Juan Vicente Gómez.
Na 1931, ya na Gabriel Bracho, Espartaco González, Isidro Valles, na ndị ọzọ, o nyere aka guzobe mkpụrụ ndụ mbụ nke Communist Party nke Venezuela na steeti Zulia. [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ]
Mgbe Gómez nwụsịrị na 1935, Luzardo malitere ịrụ ọrụ ịhazi òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'etiti ndị ọrụ mmanụ. Na 1936, o sonye na Congress Feminist First na Caracas, n'akụkụ Eumelia Hernández, Itala Reyes, Auxiliadora Soto, Margoth Díaz Urdaneta, Rosa Virginia Martínez, na ndị inyom ndị ọzọ na-akwado ịlụ ọgụ maka ị nweta ụmụ nwanyị. Mgbe afọ ahụ gachara, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ahazi nnukwu Mgbu mmanụ Venezuelan nke mbụ.[1][4]
N'afọ 1936, Luzardo guzobere Agrupación Cultural Femenina, nzukọ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ nke Communist Party, nke na-arụ ọrụ maka ịdị n'otu mba ụwa na ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ọdịbendị maka ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ nọgidere na-etinye aka nke ukwuu na pati ahụ, na-arụ ọrụ na kọmitii etiti ya na ịgbasa ihe ndị otu ahụ na mba ahụ. Ọ bụ onye guzobere Women's International Democratic Federation na 1940s, na-eje ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya mbụ nke Venezuela na nzukọ ahụ ma na-eme njem ịnọchite anya mba ahụ na Soviet Union, Chile, Cuba, Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia, na mba ndị ọzọ.
O nwetara akara ugo mmụta na akụ na ụba na Mahadum Central nke Venezuela na 1944. N'afọ sochirinụ, otu n'ime ọgụ ya bụ isi bịara: ụmụ nwanyị Venezuelan meriri ikike ịtụ vootu.[1]
N'oge ọchịchị aka ike nke Marcos Pérez Jiménez, Luzardo bụ onye guzobere ma na-eme ihe maka Unión de Muchachas Venezolanas (Union of Venezuelan Women), ọ bụkwa onye otu nnupụisi, na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru aha "Jorge. N'oge a, ọkachasị n'afọ ndị 1950, ndị ọchịchị na-emegbu ya ma na-emeso ya mmeso ọjọọ: A gbagburu ya n'ụkwụ ma mesịa tụba ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ. Mgbe ọ nọsịrị oge n'ụlọ mkpọrọ San Carlos na steeti Cojedes, n'afọ 1952, a chụgara ya na Mexico na USSR.[1][4][5] Ọ laghachiri Caracas mgbe ọchịchị aka ike Jiménez dara na 1958.[2]
Mgbe ọ laghachiri Venezuela, ọ sonyeere ndị agha agha nke National Liberation guerrilla, na-emegide ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke Rómulo Betancourt na Raúl Leoni. Site n'òtù ahụ, nke a maara dị ka FALN, ọ duziri mwakpo dị elu nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè El Encanto, nke a na-akpọ "Operation Olga Luzardo" na 1963.
Ide ihe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A na-ejikọta ọrụ mbụ Luzardo na ntinye n'oge n'ime akwụkwọ. Dị ka nwa agbọghọ, ya na ndị na-ede uri Ely Saúl Rodríguez na Rosa Virginia Martínez, yana onye na-ese ihe Antonio Angulo, rụkọrọ ọrụ iji guzobe athenaeum na Maracaibo.[1]
Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ogologo oge dị ka onye nta akụkọ, na-ebipụta akụkọ echiche mbụ ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ Maracaibo Panorama na 1930s. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ụbọchị Últimas Noticias n'akụkụ Ana Luisa Llovera, nke a na-ewere dị ka nwanyị mbụ Venezuelan na-ede akụkọ, yana María Teresa Castillo. O dekwara maka Ahora ma nyere aka chọta Tribuna Popular, ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke Communist Party.[6] Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-ede akwụkwọ n'okpuru aha nzuzo "Petrovna".[2]
Luzardo dekwara uri, nke mbụ o bipụtara nchịkọta Flor de cactus na 1942. Akwụkwọ ahụ chịkọtara uri ndị e dere n'etiti 1935 na 1942, nke na-agwakọta ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke ịhụnanya na nke na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ. E bipụtara nchịkọta nke uri e dere n'oge ọ nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ site na 1950 na 1952 na 1993 n'okpuru aha Huellas frescas .[4]
Ndụ onwe onye na ihe nketa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A mụrụ naanị nwa ya nwanyị, ya na onye otu mgbanwe Luis Eduardo Pérez Arteaga, n'afọ 1939.[7]
N'afọ 2016, Onye isi ala Nicolás Maduro nyere Luzardo Order of the Liberators Medal First Class. Ọ nwụrụ ka e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ na Caracas, mgbe ọ dị afọ 100.
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Linarez, Elena (October 2016). "Olga y la lucha por los derechos de la mujer". Tribuna Popular.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Hernández, Luis Guillermo, 1938- (1999). Diccionario general del Zulia. Banco Occidental de Descuento. ISBN 980-07-6215-9. OCLC 47161956. Hernández, Luis Guillermo, 1938- (1999). Diccionario general del Zulia. Banco Occidental de Descuento. ISBN 980-07-6215-9. OCLC 47161956.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Wimmer. "Así se templó el acero", Tribuna Popular, October 2016.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Rodríguez González (2008). "De fundadoras e irreverentes". Historia Actual Online. Rodríguez González, Carmen Delia (2008). "De fundadoras e irreverentes" (PDF). Historia Actual Online. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Friedman, Elisabeth J. (2000). Unfinished transitions : women and the gendered development of democracy in Venezuela, 1936-1996. Pennsylvania State Univ. Press. ISBN 0-271-02023-7. OCLC 237408032.
- ↑ "Chávez Delata y Entrega Revolucionarios a Gobiernos Fascistas". radioteca.net. Archived from the original on February 19, 2017.
- ↑ En Honor de Iguaraya Pérez Luzardo. Colegio Amepane. Archived from the original on 2017-02-19.