Onye nọchiri ya

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Onye nọchiri ya

[1] Nnọchi nke nwanyị di ya nwụrụ bụ omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a ma ama ná mba ụfọdụ ná mmalite narị afọ nke 20, bụ́ nke onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke nwụrụ n'ọchịchị bụ onye di ha nwụrụ nọchiri kpọmkwem site ná ntụliaka ma ọ bụ nhọpụta kpọmkwem n'oche ahụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ nwere ọkwa ọchịchị n'oge a nwetara ọkwa ha site na omume a. O mekwara mgbe ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kwụsịrị n'otu ụlọ ọrụ.

Nchịkọta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[1]N'afọ ndị mbụ, ụmụ nwanyị ndị nọchiri n'ọkwa nke nwanyị di ya nwụrụ adịkarịghị ama ama dị ka ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'ụzọ nke aka ha, mana a na-ewere ya dị ka ndị na-edobe ebe ọrụ bụ isi bụ ijide oche na ịtụ vootu maka pati ahụ kama itinye onwe ha n'ọgụ ogologo oge maka nhọpụta ahụ. n'etiti ntuli aka. [2] na-ahụkwa omume a mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ụzọ isi nye nwanyị nkwado ego n'ihi mfu nke ego ezinụlọ ya.

Atụmanya ahụ bụ na nwanyị di ya nwụrụ ga-eje ozi naanị ruo mgbe ntuli aka ọzọ, mgbe ahụ ọ ga-agbadata ma kwe ka pati ya họrọ onye ọhụrụ. Mgbe Effiegene Locke Wingo lara ezumike nká na United States House of Representatives na 1932, New York Sun dere,   N'otu ihe omume pụrụ iche nke Canada, Martha Black nọchiri di ya George Black na House of Commons nke Canada mgbe ọ na-anwụghị, mana ọ kwụsịrị ọrụ nwa oge maka ihe gbasara ahụike; na ntuli aka ọzọ, Martha kwụsịrị ma George laghachiri n'ọfịs. Ọnọdụ ọzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe mere na United States mgbe a họpụtara Katherine G. Langley ka ọ bụrụ onye di ya ka dị ndụ bụ John W. Langley bụbu onye omeiwu mgbe a mara ya ikpe maka ire mmanya n'oge Mmachibido iwu.

Mary Ellen Smith bụ nwanyị mbụ bụ minista (1921) na ọkà okwu nke ndị omeiwu (1928) na Canada na Alaeze Ukwu Britain.

Site na ọrụ na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ụmụ nwanyị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị ndị mbụ malitere n'ọkwa n'okpuru onye nọchiri di ya nwụrụ gara n'ihu na-ewu ọrụ ogologo oge na nke pụrụ iche n'onwe ha. [3][1]Margaret Chase Smith ghọrọ nwanyị kachasị nọrọ ogologo oge n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke United States Senate na nwanyị mbụ e debere aha ya na nhọpụta maka Onye isi ala nke United States na mgbakọ otu nnukwu pati, na-eje ozi afọ 9 n'Ụlọ mgbe ọ nọchiri di ya nwụrụ anwụ, wee jee ozi na Senate ruo afọ 24 ọzọ. Edith Nourse Rogers ghọrọ nwanyị kachasị ogologo oge n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Ụlọ ndị nnọchiteanya United Steeti, Mary Ellen Smith nwetakwara ọdịiche nke ịbụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara n'ọkwa kansụl, yana nwanyị mbụ ghọrọ ọkà okwu nke ndị omeiwu, na Canada na Alaeze Ukwu Britain dum.

Na Sri Lanka, Sirimavo Bandaranaike, onye nọchiri di ya e gburu egbu, bụ praịm minista na onye isi pati ogologo oge.

Ọ bụ ezie na a ka na ahọpụta ma ọ bụ họpụta ndị inyom di ha nwụrụ mgbe ụfọdụ ka ha nọ n'ọkwá ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbe ọnwụ di ha gasịrị, omume a abụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị n'oge a, ebe ụmụ nwanyị enweela ike iwere ọrụ dị elu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dabere na nkà na ahụmịhe nke ha kama ịbụ "ndị nwe ebe". Tụkwasị na nke a, ụfọdụ ndị, dị ka Sonia Gandhi na India na Grace MacInnis na Canada, enweela ọkwá ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ma bụrụ nwanyị di ya nwụrụ nke onye nọ n'ọkwa mbụ, mana ha abụghị ezigbo "ndị nọchiri di ha nwụrụ" n'ihi na ha abụghị onye nọchiri di ya nwụrụ anwụ.

Ihe nketa di ya nwụrụ a ma ama[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Argentina[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Isabel Perón, nwanyị mbụ bụ onye isi ala nke Argentina

Australia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Millie Peacock, nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke Victoria; o kwuru mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká: "Nzukọ Ndị Ome Iwu abụghị ebe nwanyị ga-anọ"."Parliament abụghị ebe nwanyị ga-anọ".

Canada[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Cora Taylor Casselman
  • Jennifer Cossitt
  • Eloise Jones
  • Margaret Mary Macdonald
  • Sarah Ramsland
  • Ebe Margaret Rideout
  • Jean Yip

Guyana[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Janet Jagan, ma praịm minista nwanyị mbụ ma mesịa bụrụ onye isi ala nke Guyana

Gụnyere ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị [4] Irish Free State na Republic of Ireland.

  • Caitlín Brugha (nke nọchiri Cathal Brugha na Waterford na 1923; a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nọ n'ọkwa Waterford-Tipperary East wee nwụọ n'agha na Agha Obodo Irish)
  • Joan Burke (nke nọchiri Roscommon_politician)" id="mwaQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="James Burke (Roscommon politician)">James Burke na Roscommon, 1964)
  • Honor Crowley (nke nọchiri Frederick Crowley na Kerry South, 1945)
  • Eileen Desmond (nke nọchiri Dan Desmond na Cork Mid, 1965)
  • Sheila Galvin (nke nọchiri John Galvin na Cork Borough, 1964)
  • Eileen Lemass (na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma na oche di ya Noel Lemass na Dublin South-West, 1976; e mechara họpụta ya na Dáil na Dublin Ballyfermot, 1977)
  • Celia Lynch (nke nọchiri James B. Lynch na Dublin South-Central, 1954)
  • Bridget Redmond (nke nọchiri William Redmond na Waterford, 1933)
  • Mary Reynolds (nke nọchiri Patrick Reynolds na Leitrim-Sligo mgbe e gburu ya n'oge mkpọsa ntuli aka nke 1932)
  • Bridget Rice (nke nọchiri Eamon Rice na Monaghan, 1932)
  • Mary Ryan (nke nọchiri Martin Ryan na Tipperary, 1944)

Japan[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Keiko Nagaoka
  • Nobuko Okashita

Malaysia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Linda Tsen, onye a họpụtara na ntuli aka Batu Sapi nke afọ 2010 mgbe oche ahụ tọgbọ chakoo mgbe onye nọ n'ọkwa ahụ nwụrụ, Edmund Chong Ket Wah, onye bụ di Tsen
  • Mastura Mohd Yazid, onye a họpụtara na ntuli aka nke Kuala Kangsar na 2016 mgbe oche ahụ tọgbọ chakoo mgbe onye nọ n'ọkwa Wan Mohammad Khair-il Anuar, onye bụ di Mastura nwụrụ
  • Irene Mary Chang Oi Ling nọchiri di ya Wong Ho Leng na mpaghara Bukit Assek na Sarawak

New Zealand[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Mary Grigg nwanyị mbụ MP nke National Party
  • Elizabeth McCombs bụ nwanyị mbụ so na ndị omeiwu, nọchiri di ya James McCombs na 1933 mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, nwa ha nwoke Terry McCombs nọchiri ya na 1935
  • Iriaka Rātana nwanyị mbụ bụ MP Maori

Philippines[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Na Philippines, onye ndoro-ndoro nke nwụrụ ruo etiti ehihie nke ntuli aka nwere ike dochie onye nwere otu aha nna ya, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ di na nwunye mgbe niile.

  • [5] Fortich, onye a họpụtara na ntuli aka pụrụ iche nke afọ 1947, nọchiri di ya Carlos Fortich Sr. na mpaghara Bukidnon.
  • Gloria Tabiana, onye a họpụtara na ntuli aka pụrụ iche nke afọ 1965, nọchiri di ya Ramon Tabiana na Mpaghara nke atọ nke Iloilo.
  • [6]Magnolia Antonino, onye a họpụtara na ntuli aka Senate nke afọ 1967, nọchiri di ya Gaudencio Antonino onye nwụrụ na mbido ntuli aka ahụ.

United Kingdom[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Margaret Wintringham nọchiri Thomas Wintringham na Louth, Lincolnshire, ntuli aka nke 1921Nhọrọ 1921
  • Agnes Hardie nọchiri George Hardie na Glasgow Springburn, 1937 site na nhọpụtaNhọrọ nke 1937
  • Beatrice Rathbone nọchiri John Rathbone na ntuli aka nke afọ 1941Nhọrọ site na 1941
  • Lena Jeger nọchiri Santo Jeger na Holborn na St Pancras South, 1953 site na nhọpụtaNhọrọ 1953
  • Irene Adams nọchiri Allen Adams na Paisley North, 1990 site na nhọpụtaNtinye aka na 1990
  • Trish Law nọchiri Peter Law na Blaenau Gwent, 2006 site na nhọpụtaNhọrọ nke afọ 2006
  • Gill Furniss nọchiri Harry Harpham na Sheffield Brightside na Hillsborough, ntuli aka nke afọ 2016Nhọrọ nke afọ 2016

Ndị omeiwu kwụsịrị n'ọkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ụmụ nwanyị ga-abanye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site n'itinye oche di ya. Nancy Astor ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ onye omeiwu Britain nọchiri oche ya mgbe ahọpụtachara di ya Waldorf na House of Lords. Astor bụ MP maka Plymouth Sutton na Devon.

Na ntuli aka izugbe nke afọ 2019, ndị omeiwu abụọ Conservative kwụsịrị n'etiti esemokwu ma ndị nwunye ha nọchiri anya ha.

  • Natalie Elphicke, nwunye Charlie Elphicke na Dover na Kent
  • Kate Griffiths, nwunye Andrew Griffiths na Burton na Staffordshire

United States[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Nellie Tayloe Ross nke Wyoming bụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara gọvanọ nke steeti US.

[7]-Ndị a bụ ndepụta ụmụ nwanyị nọ na Senate na Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya U.S. bụ ndị chirila di na nwunye ha na Congress.   Nellie Tayloe Ross bụ nwanyị mbụ gọvanọ steeti US, na-eje ozi dị ka Gọvanọ Wyoming site na 1925 ruo 1927. Di ya bụ William B. Ross bụ gọvanọ site na 1923 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ n'October 1924, bụ ebe odeakwụkwọ steeti Frank Lucas nọchiri ya. . A họpụtara Nellie Tayloe Ross ka ọ nọchie di ya nwụrụ anwụ na ntuli aka pụrụ iche nke November 1924.

Florence Shoemaker Thompson, nke Daviess County, Kentucky, bụ nwanyị sheriff mbụ mere ogbugbu, wee lekọta nkwugidere Rainey Bethea na 1936, nke bụ ogbugbu ọha ikpeazụ na akụkọ ntolite America. Andrea Seastrand nọchiri di ya Eric Seastrand dị ka onye òtù California State Assembly maka mpaghara 29th na 1990. Mgbe Joseph Crouch nwụrụ na 1989 nwunye ya Joyce Crouch nọchiri ya na mpaghara 22nd na Virginia House of Delegates..[8]

Na Jenụwarị 2001, a họpụtara Jean Carnahan na Senate ka ọ nọchie di ya nwụrụ anwụ Mel Carnahan, bụ onye a họpụtara na Senate na Nọvemba 2000 mgbe ọ nwụsịrị n'ihe mberede ụgbọ elu izu atọ gara aga. N'afọ 2007, a họpụtara Niki Tsongas ka ọ bụrụ oche ụlọ nke di ya nwụrụ anwụ Paul Tsongas nwere n'etiti 1975 na 1979.

N'afọ 2015, Deborah Dingell ghọrọ nwunye mbụ nọchiri di ya dị ndụ n'ụlọ ndị nnọchi anya mgbe John David Dingell Jr. lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2014. Ọ nọchiri nna ya nwụrụ anwụ, John Dingell Sr. na ntuli aka pụrụ iche maka otu oche ahụ na 1955. [9] ọ na-erule 2021, ezinụlọ Dingell nọchitere anya mpaghara ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Michigan ruo afọ 87 n'usoro.

N'afọ 2021, Julia Letlow gbara ọsọ ma merie oche ụlọ na Louisiana nke tọgbọ chakoo n'ihi ọnwụ di ya Luke Letlow n'afọ gara aga. N'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe, Luke Letlow nwụrụ tupu a ṅụọ iyi n'ezie, ebe ọ meriri ntuli aka iji nọchie onye omeiwu na-ala ezumike nká. N'otu afọ ahụ, onye omeiwu Texas bụ Ron Wright nwụrụ n'ọchịchị. Nwunye ya Susan Wright gbara ọsọ na ntuli aka pụrụ iche iji nọchie ya mana ọ bịara n'ọnọdụ nke abụọ na Jake Ellzey.

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Ezinụlọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
  • Ụmụ nwanyị na Senate nke United States
  • Ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya nke United States

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Melville Currell, Political Woman.
  2. ↑ Sarah Ramsland profile at the Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan.
  3. ↑ Solowiej (2003). "The Entrance of Women to the U.S. Congress: The Widow Effect". Political Research Quarterly 56 (3): 283–292. DOI:10.2307/3219789. ISSN 1065-9129. 
  4. ↑ McGing. "How the 'widow's mandate' was women's main route to Dáil", The Irish Times.
  5. ↑ Mordeno (2022-05-02). [SPECIAL REPORT From Totoy to Nonoy: Bukidnon's political dynasties thrive on cattle, cane] (en-US). MindaNews. Retrieved on 2022-10-16.
  6. ↑ Gaudencio Antonino, Man of the Year, 1967 (en). The Philippines Free Press Online (1968-01-06). Retrieved on 2023-09-14.
  7. ↑ Women Who Succeeded their Husbands in Congress. Center for American Women and Politics (2013). Archived from the original on 10 July 2013. Retrieved on 13 October 2015.
  8. ↑ Bates. "VA. REPUBLICANS GAIN FOUR SEATS IN HOUSE OF DELEGATES", Washington Post, November 9, 1989. Retrieved on January 17, 2018.
  9. ↑ Camia. In her husband's footsteps: Wives succeed their spouses in Congress. USA Today. Retrieved on 24 March 2021.
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