Onye nwe ụlọ
Randlords ( Afrikaans </link> ) bụ ndị isi obodo na-achịkwa ụlọ ọrụ diamond na ọla edo na South Africa site na 1870 ruo Agha Mbụ Mbụ
Ozi dị nta nke ndị na-ahụ maka ego Europe, nke ka ukwuu n'otu ụgbọ, ikike njikwa nke ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta diamond na Kimberley, Northern Cape . Ha guzobela ụzọ nke ego na Nkwado ụlọ ọrụ nke ha tinyeziri iji jiri nchoputa ọla edo sitere na 1886 na Transvaal na Witwatersrand - "Rand". Ozugbo Andre na Transvaal, ọtụtụ ndị hibere ebe obibi na nnukwu ụlọ nke Parktown
Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị Randlords, ikike baronetcies iji kwado ha
Randlords ama ama
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Sir George Albu, 1st Bt (1857–1935)'
- Leopold Albu (1861–1938)
- Sir Abe Bailey, 1st Bt (1864–1940)
- Barney Barnato (1852–1897)
- Alfred Beit (1853–1906)
- Sir Otto Beit, 1st Bt (1865–1930)
- Hermann Ludwig Eckstein (1847-1893)
- George Herbert Farrar (1859-1915)
- Adolf Goerz (1857-1900)
- John Hays Hammond (1855–1936)
- Gustav Imroth (1862–1946)
- Solomon Joel (1865–1931)
- John Dale Lace (1859-1937)
- Isaac Lewis (1849–1927)
- Samuel Marks (1843–1920)
- Maximilian Michaelis (1852-1932)
- Sigismund Neumann (1857–1916)
- Sir Lionel Phillips, 1st Bt (1855–1936)
- Jules Porgès (1838-1921)
- Cecil John Rhodes (1853–1902)
- Sir Joseph Benjamin Robinson, 1st Bt (1840–1929)
- Charles Dunell Rudd (1844-1916)
- Jim B Taylor (1860-1944)
- Sir Julius Wernher, 1st Bt (1850–1912)
- Sir Thomas Cullinan (1862–1936)
Ihe nketa ụlọ ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Gold Production on the Witwatersrand 1898 to 1910[1]: 134 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | No. of Mines |
Gold output (fine ounces) |
Value (£) | Relative 2010 value (£) |
| 1898 | 77 | 4,295,608 | £15,141,376 | £6,910,000,000 |
| 1899 (Jan-Oct) | 85 | 3,946,545 | £14,046,686 | £6,300,000,000 |
| 1899 (Nov- 1901 Apr) | 12 | 574,043 | £2,024,278 | £908,000,000 |
| 1901 (May-Dec) | 12 | 238,994 | £1,014,687 | £441,000,000 |
| 1902 | 45 | 1,690,100 | £7,179,074 | £3,090,000,000 |
| 1903 | 56 | 2,859,482 | £12,146,307 | £5,220,000,000 |
| 1904 | 62 | 3,658,241 | £15,539,219 | £6,640,000,000 |
| 1905 | 68 | 4,706,433 | £19,991,658 | £8,490,000,000 |
| 1906 | 66 | 5,559,534 | £23,615,400 | £9,890,000,000 |
| 1907 | 68 | 6,220,227 | £26,421,837 | £10,800,000,000 |
| 1908 | 74 | 6,782,538 | £28,810,393 | £11,700,000,000 |
| 1909 | 72 | 7,039,136 | £29,900,359 | £12,200,000,000 |
| 1910 | 63 | 7,228,311 | £30,703,912 | £12,400,000,000 |
Dị ka ụgbọ mbụ nke Randlords nwụrụ ma ọ bụ lara ezumike nká, ụgbọ na-esote lekwasịrị anya na usoro nke nchikota na ụlọ ọrụ, na-emepe ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-egwupụta akụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ndị a ndekọ aha. Agba nke mbụ nke Cecil Rhodes nke mgbawa diamond na De Beers Consolidated Mines gara n'ihu site n'aka Sir Ernest Oppenheimer (1880-1957) na-anya usoro a, na-ewusi ike nke De Beers na ụlọ ya site na 1917 nke nnukwu Anglo American Ngwuputa. ụlọ ọrụ (nke akara edo ya bụ nke AngloGold Ashanti na-ejide ugbu a. Ndịozi ndị ọzọ na-egwupụta akụ na Johannesburg bụ ntọala nke nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-egwupụta ihe nke ka dị. Corner House" ihe Randgold Resources ; Ebe Gold Consolidated Rhodes Gold Fields Limited ; George na Leopold Albu's General Mining and Finance Corporation onyonyo Gencor ; Barney Barnato's Johannesburg Consolidated Investment Company ma ọ bụ "Johnnies" àmà JCI Limited
Ihe nketa ọdịmma mmadụ na omenala
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Randlords sitere na n dị arọ n'obi, ọtụtụ ndị jikwa akụ na ndị na-agwa ha okwu ọkwa ha na ụmụ mmadụ. Aha dị mfe ama meri a mbunobi megide nouveaux-akụnụba na ndị Juu iji nweta na "ntọala" Bekee wee nata knighthoods</link>[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]
Akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ụlọ hapụrụ ihe nketa na South Africa na England. Na Johannesburg naanị, ihe owuwu dị ka ụlọ ndị Randlord dị na Parktown Ridge Akụkọ, ọtụtụ ndị Sir Herbert Baker mere. Florence Phillips, nyere Sir Lionel Phillips nwanne ihe ngosi nka nke Johannesburg na Joubert Park. N'ofe UK, ọtụtụ mkpokọta ọha na ụlọ na-agba, maka akụ na nna nke Randlords, mkpokọta Wernher, na mbụ na Luton Hoo na ugbu a na Ranger's House.
N'ime ọtụtụ ọrụ nke Randlords, Beit Trust nke Sir Alfred Beit hiwere wuru ihe ezinụlọ àkwà mmiri 400 na ndịda Africa; [1] Cecil Rhodes nyere nkwado Rhodes na Mahadum Oxford
Ojiji ndị ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Enwere ike iji Randlord mee ihe n'efu ka ọ bụrụ okwu maka ọchụnta ego South Africa ọ llabara okwu. Nkebi iwu ahụ mgbochi ọzọ mgbe aha ego South Africa aha Rand na 1961
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke South Africa
- Jameson Raid
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Yap (1996). Colour, Confusion and Concessions: The History of the Chinese in South Africa. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 510. ISBN 962-209-423-6.
Isi mmalite
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Maryna Fraser, 'Randlords (act. 1880s–1914)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, online edn, Oxford University Press, Ọkt 2006 nwetara 7 Ọkt 2006
Ọgụgụ ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Michael Stevenson - Art & Aspirations, Randlords nke South Africa na mkpokọta ha
- Geoffrey Wheatcroft - Ndị Randlords: Ndị ikom mere South Africa (Weidenfeld, 1985)