Ruby Grant Martin
| ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1933 |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 2003 |
| ọrụ ọ na-arụ | onye ọka iwu |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | Glenville High School |
| agbụrụ | Ndi Afrika nke Amerika |
Ruby Lee Grant Martin (February 18, 1933 - Mee 8, 2003) bụ onye ọka iwu America na onye ọrụ gọọmentị. Ọ bụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị etiti maka ikike obodo, nke Lyndon B. Johnson họpụtara. Ọ meriri ihe nrite Federal Women's Award na 1968 maka ọrụ ya na mwepu ụlọ akwụkwọ . [1]
Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Ruby Lee Grant na Gaines Landing, Arkansas ma zụlite ya na Cleveland, Ohio, ada Ben F. Grant. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Glenville High School na afọ 1952 [2] ma pụta na Fisk University na 1956, wee gụchaa na klaasị ya na Howard University School of Law na 1959. [3] [4]
Ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Martin bụ onye ọka iwu gbasara ikike obodo na Cleveland. A họpụtara ya onye isi ngalaba nke Operations Division na Federal Office for Civil Rights (OCR) na 1967, na 1968 ghọrọ onye isi OCR n'onwe ya, [5] [6] n'oge onye isi ala Lyndon B. Johnson. [7] [8] Ọ meriri ihe nrite Federal Woman's Award na 1968, [9] "maka njikwa obi ike ya na nke ọma nke mmemme nnabata ikike obodo yana ntinye aka ya pụrụ iche maka ikpe ziri ezi agbụrụ na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ". [10] Mgbe ọ dị afọ 34, ọ bụ ya bụ onye kasị nta nwetara ihe nrite ahụ ruo taa. [5] [11]
Martin kwadoro ma duzie Washington Research Project Action Council (ugbu a Fund Defence Children's Defence Fund ) na 1969, [12] ya na Marian Wright Edelman, na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ ahụ gbaara akaebe na Ụlọ Nzukọ Ụlọ na Iwu Enyemaka Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Emergency na 1971, [13] na n'ụlọ ikpe Senate maka ohere agụmakwụkwọ nha anya na 1972. [14] Mgbe e mesịrị na 1970s, ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ izugbe nye Kọmitii Ụlọ na District nke Columbia. [15]
Martin kwagara Richmond, Virginia na 1978, wee gbaa ọsọ maka kansụl obodo na 1986. [4] Na 1990 Ọ sonyeere na kọbọd nke nwa akwụkwọ ibe ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu, Gọvanọ Virginia Douglas Wilder, dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke nchịkwa . [16] Ọ jere ozi na ọrụ azụmahịa steeti na Africa maka Wilder [17] [18] na maka gọvanọ North Carolina James B. Hunt . Ọ bụ onye isi oche ọrụ Port of Richmond, na onye otu Council Council for Higher Education na Virginia. Ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ nke Women Executives na State Government . [3]
Martin jere ozi na bọọdụ mba nke Girl Scouts nke USA, ma kwadoo mbọ iji mepụta ebe ngosi nka ịgba ohu nke mba na United States. [19] Ọ bụ onye otu Alpha Kappa Alpha . [20]
Ndụ onwe onye
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ruby Grant lụrụ onye dọkịta ezé, Henry S. Martin. Ha mụrụ ụmụ atọ. Martin nwụrụ na 2003, ọ dị afọ 70, na Richmond. [21] Ndị omebe iwu Virginia wefere mkpebi nkwonkwo nke iru újú na nkwanye ùgwù maka ya, na February 2004. [3]
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ United States Congress House Committee on Education and Labor General Subcommittee on Education (1971). Emergency School Aid Act: Hearings, Ninety-second Congress, First Session, on H.R. 2266, H.R. 4847, and Other Related Bills ... March 15 and 16, 1971 (in en). U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ↑ Harper. "Mrs. Ruby Grant Martin Directs Rights Office", Call and Post, April 27, 1968, p. 1. Retrieved on February 2, 2022.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Virginia HJ45: On the death of Ruby Grant Martin, passed February 22, 2004 by both houses of the Virginia state legislature.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "New cabinet secretary 'cuts through red tape'", The Daily Times, 1990-02-20, pp. 5. Retrieved on 2022-02-02.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hampton (April–June 1968). "The Federal Woman's Award". Civil Service Journal: 25.
- ↑ "Director of Civil Rights to Speak at Church Here", The Danville Register, 1968-04-07, pp. 16. Retrieved on 2022-02-02.
- ↑ Ruby Martin, 70; First Director of the U.S. Office of Civil Rights (en-US). Los Angeles Times (2003-05-10). Retrieved on 2022-02-02.
- ↑ (May 2, 1968) "Name Mrs. Ruby Martin Special Rights Assistant". Jet: 52.
- ↑ "7 Federal Workers Win Woman's Award", The New York Times, 1968-02-12. Retrieved on 2022-02-02. (in en-US)
- ↑ Johnson. Remarks at the Federal Woman's Award Ceremony. The American Presidency Project. Retrieved on 2022-02-02.
- ↑ (May 23, 1968) "Jet Profile: Mrs. Ruby Martin: She Fights Bias in Schools". Jet: 10.
- ↑ Gilliam (July 1972). "Ruby Martin: The People's Advocate". Essence 3: 42–43.
- ↑ United States Congress House Committee on Education and Labor General Subcommittee on Education (1971). Emergency School Aid Act: Hearings, Ninety-second Congress, First Session, on H.R. 2266, H.R. 4847, and Other Related Bills ... March 15 and 16, 1971 (in en). U.S. Government Printing Office, 21–26.
- ↑ United States Congress Senate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare Subcommittee on Education (1972). Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1972: Hearings, Ninety-second Congress, Second Session, on S. 3395 ... (in en). U.S. Government Printing Office, 524–546.
- ↑ United States Congress House Committee on the District of Columbia Judiciary Subcommittee (1978). Miscellaneous Hearings: Hearings and Markups of the Subcommittee on Judiciary and of the Committee on the District of Columbia, House of Representatives, Ninety-fifth Congress, Second Session ... June 28 and July 17, 1978 (in en). U.S. Government Printing Office, 23.
- ↑ (January 29, 1980) "New Va. Gov. Wilder Adds 2 Blacks to His Cabinet". Jet: 6.
- ↑ "Wilder Outlines Plans for Trip to Africa", The Daily News Leader, 1992-06-01, pp. 3. Retrieved on 2022-02-02.
- ↑ "Wilder, others leave for Africa", Daily Press, 1992-06-13, pp. 29. Retrieved on 2022-02-02.
- ↑ "James City site eliminated for slavery museum", The Daily News Leader, 2001-07-08, pp. 3. Retrieved on 2022-02-02.
- ↑ Martin, Ruby Grant (en-GB). AKA's Pioneering Sorors Open Doors. Archived from the original on 2022-02-02. Retrieved on 2022-02-02.
- ↑ "Ruby Grant Martin", Richmond Times-Dispatch, May 10, 2003. Retrieved on February 2, 2022.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ajụjụ ọnụ akụkọ akụkọ ọnụ 2016 na George Keith Martin, nwa Ruby Grant Martin, na The History Makers