Sarah Margru Kinson
| ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1832 |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 1858 |
Sarah Margru Kinson (ihe dị ka 1832 - mgbe 1854) bụ onye nkuzi West Africa. Dị ka Margru ma ọ bụ Mar'gru, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ anọ nọ na La Amistad. Dị ka Sarah Kinson, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Oberlin College wee laghachi West Africa ka ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi ozi ala ọzọ. A na-ewere ya dị ka nwanyị mbụ a mụrụ n'Africa nke gụrụ akwụkwọ na kọleji America.[1]
Ndụ mbụ na AmistadỌbụbụenyi
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Margru na Mba Mende nke West Africa, n'ihe a na-akpọ Sierra Leone ugbu a.[2] A resịrị ya ndị ahịa mgbe ọ bụ nwa agbọghọ, manye ya ịga ije n'ụsọ oké osimiri, ma zigara ya Cuba n'ụgbọ ohu Portuguese, Tecora. N'afọ 1839, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ anọ nọ n'ụgbọ mmiri La Amistad, nke Joseph Cinqué, onye Mendian ibe ya, weghaara, na-enwe olileanya ịgbaga Africa. Kama nke ahụ, ndị United States Coast Guard wetara Amistad n'ikpere mmiri na New London, Connecticut.[3] E jidere Margru na ndị ọzọ nọ n'ụgbọ ahụ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ dị na New Haven, gosipụta ma mụọ ha, ebe a na-ekpebi ọnọdụ iwu ha n'ụlọ ikpe. Onye abolitionist Lewis Tappan mere ndokwa ka a kpọga Margru na ụmụaka ndị ọzọ n'ụlọ obibi nke onye nche ụlọ mkpọrọ ọcha na nwunye ya, ebe ọ bụ odibo ụlọ.[4][5]
N'afọ 1841, mgbe ndị njem Amistad meriri ikpe ha na nnwere onwe ha, ọ gara soro ndị ọzọ nọrọ na Farmington, Connecticut, ebe e nyere ya aha Bekee "Sarah Kinson". Ìgwè ahụ ka bụ ihe ọha na eze na-achọ ịmata ihe, ma nye ihe ngosi n'obodo dị iche iche nke America banyere ahụmịhe ha. N'ịpụta n'ihu ọha, a maara Kinson maka ịgụghachi Abụ Ọma, ọkachasị n'isiokwu nke ịgbapụ na mgbapụta. Ha laghachiri West Africa ọnụ, ha rutere nso Freetown na Jenụwarị 1842, tinyere ọtụtụ ndị ozi ala ọzọ America.[4]
Mmụta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Kinson ka bụ nwatakịrị mgbe ndị agha Amistad rutere West Africa na 1842. Ọ biri na Kaw Mendi (Komende) ozi ala ọzọ, mụtara ịgụ na ide, tọghatara Iso Ụzọ Kraịst, ma rụọ ọrụ maka ndị ozi ala ọzọ America.[6] N'okpuru mmasị Lewis Tappan na-aga n'ihu na nlekọta ya, ọ laghachiri na United States na 1846, wee gaa Oberlin's Little Red Schoolhouse, na mgbe ahụ Oberlin Collegiate Institute, ha abụọ dị na Ohio.[7] Na Oberlin, ya na nwa agbọghọ Africa-America, Lucy Stanton, nọrọ ma mụta ịkpọ accordion yana ọmụmụ agụmakwụkwọ ya.[8][4]
N'oge a ọ nọ na United States, Orson Squire Fowler, onye na-ahụ maka phrenology na New York City, nyochara Kinson, onye kwupụtara na ya nwere "iwu siri ike" na akwụkwọ ya e bipụtara banyere ya.[9][10]
Ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'afọ 1849, Kinson laghachiri West Africa, n'oge a ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nkuzi nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị ọhụrụ na ozi Sherbro Island. [11] O guzobere otu ndị na-akwa akwa maka ụmụ nwanyị obodo ahụ, iji mepụta uwe ọdịda anyanwụ. Kinson lụrụ onye nkuzi ozi ala ọzọ ibe ya n'Afrịka bụ Edward Henry Green n'afọ 1852. Ha kwagara n'ime ime obodo iji malite ụlọ ọrụ ozi ala ọzọ nke ha na 1855, mana a chụpụrụ di ya n'ọrụ ozi ala ọzọ n'oge na-adịghị anya; mgbe oge ahụ gasịrị, edeghị ndụ ya na akụkọ ozi ala ọzọ ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ozi.[4]
Ihe Nketa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ụlọ akwụkwọ Kinson gara na Ohio ka guzo, n'okpuru nlekọta nke Oberlin Heritage Center, ma meghere maka njem nleta.[12] Ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ amụwo ndụ Kinson n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, na mmasị ndị ọzọ a kpaliri mgbe ihe nkiri Amistad (1997) gasịrị. [13] Kimberly Jones bụrụ akụkụ nke Margru na 1997 opera Amistad nke Anthony Davis na Thulani Davis, mgbe Lyric Opera nke Chicago mepụtara ya.[14] N'afọ 2004, onye na-ese ihe Carolyn Evans gosipụtara Margru na mmemme ọbá akwụkwọ maka Black History Month na White Plains, New York. [15] Akwụkwọ ụmụaka nke afọ 2013, Africa is My Home: A Child of the Amistad nke Monica Edinger, jiri "Magulu" dị ka aha mbụ ya, ụdị dị iche iche nke aha a na-eji n'ọtụtụ ebe.[16]
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Lamphier (2017-01-23). Women in American History [4 volumes: A Social, Political, and Cultural Encyclopedia and Document Collection [4 volumes]] (in en). Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 102. ISBN 978-1-61069-603-6.
- ↑ Lawrance (2015-01-28). Amistad's Orphans: An Atlantic Story of Children, Slavery, and Smuggling (in en). Yale University Press, 74. ISBN 978-0-300-21043-9.
- ↑ King (2011-06-29). Stolen Childhood, Second Edition: Slave Youth in Nineteenth-Century America (in en). Indiana University Press, 232. ISBN 978-0-253-22264-0.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Merrill, Marlene D. "Sarah Margru Kinson: The Two Worlds of an Amistad Captive" (a 2003 booklet made for the Oberlin Historical and Improvement Organization).
- ↑ Sarah Margru Kinson, Child of the Amistad. Ohio Memory (July 6, 2018). Retrieved on 2023-10-01.
- ↑ "Appeal for Funds for the Mendi Mission", New-York Tribune, 1843-01-31, pp. 3. Retrieved on 2023-10-02.
- ↑ Lubet (2015-08-27). The 'Colored Hero' of Harper's Ferry: John Anthony Copeland and the War against Slavery (in en). Cambridge University Press, 49–50. ISBN 978-1-316-35220-5.
- ↑ Evans (2016-12-01). Black Women in the Ivory Tower, 1850-1954: An Intellectual History (in en). University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-6305-8.
- ↑ Branson (2022-01-15). Scientific Americans: Invention, Technology, and National Identity (in en). Cornell University Press, 157. ISBN 978-1-5017-6092-1.
- ↑ (June 1850) "Miscellany". The American Phrenological Journal and Miscellany 12 (6): 230–231.
- ↑ Browne-Marshall (2021-01-01). She Took Justice: The Black Woman, Law, and Power – 1619 to 1969 (in en). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-28355-6.
- ↑ House of History. Pulse Lorain Magazine. Retrieved on 2023-10-01.
- ↑ Lawson (1984). The Three Sarahs: Documents of Antebellum Black College Women (in en). E. Mellen Press. ISBN 978-0-88946-536-7.
- ↑ Page. "'Amistad' Misses the Boat", Washington Post, 1997-12-01. Retrieved on 2023-10-02. (in en-US)
- ↑ Crowe. "Slave Girl's Story; Artist Portrays Margru, a Child Prisoner on Amistad", The Journal News, 2004-02-09, pp. 9. Retrieved on 2023-10-02.
- ↑ Edinger (2013). Africa Is My Home: A Child of the Amistad (in en). Candlewick Press. ISBN 978-0-7636-5038-4.