Selma Baccar

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Selma Baccar
Mmádu
ụdịekerenwanyị Dezie
mba o sịFrench protectorate of Tunisia, Tunisia Dezie
Aha enyereSalma Dezie
Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya15 Disemba 1945 Dezie
Ebe ọmụmụTunis Dezie
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye akaArabic Dezie
Ọrụ ọ na-arụonye nhazi ndu ihe nkiri, Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Dezie
Ọkwá o jiMember of the 2011 Constituent National Assembly Dezie
onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchịSocial Democratic Path, Tahya Tounes Dezie

Selma Baccar ma ọ bụ Salma Baccir (amụrụ na Disemba 15, 1945) bụ onye Tunisia na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-emepụta ihe na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. A na-ewere ya dị ka nwanyị mbụ mere ihe nkiri ogologo oge na Tunis.[1][2] A maara Baccar maka ịmepụta manifestos site na ihe nkiri ya, nke na-elekwasị anya na ikike ụmụ nwanyị na Tunisia.[1]

Mmalite ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mụrụ Selma Baccar na Disemba 15, 1945 na Tunis. Ezinụlọ ya kwagara Hammam-Lif mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa.[1] Nne na nna ya zụlitere Baccar dị ka onye Alakụba, o wee soro ezinụlọ ya gaa Mecca ugboro abụọ; Otú ọ dị, Baccar na-akọwa onwe ya dị ka onye agnostic.[1] Ọ malitere ịmụ nkà mmụta akparamàgwà mmadụ na 1966 ruo 1968 na Lausanne, Switzerland. Ọ kwagara ebe ọzọ mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị iji mụọ ihe nkiri na Paris na Institut Francais de Cinema .[3] Ọ ghọrọ onye otu Tunisian Federation of Amateur Filmmakers, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka onye nduzi maka usoro telivishọn Tunisian.[3][1]

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na otu, Baccar malitere imepụta ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi na 1966, ya na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ na klọb ihe nkiri Hammam-Lif.[1] Ihe nkiri ya na-elekwasị anya na nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị na ikike na Tunisia. Ihe nkiri mkpirikpi mbụ ya, nke e mere na 1966, bụ ihe nkiri ojii na ọcha a na-akpọ L'Eveil, nke na-ekwu maka nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị na Tunisia. L'Eveil mechara nweta otuto. Baccar duziri ihe nkiri mbụ ya zuru oke na 1975 nke akpọrọ Fatma 75, a na-ewere ihe nkiri a dị ka "ihe nkiri ọsụ ụzọ" na Tunisia.[4] Nke a bụ ihe nkiri mbụ zuru oke nke nwanyị duziri. Fatma 75, "ihe nkiri edemede ụmụ nwanyị banyere ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na Tunisia".[5] Ihe nkiri ahụ na-eji nkuzi nke na-ekwu maka ụmụ nwanyị na Tunisia.[1] A machibidoro ihe nkiri ahụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ, n'ihi nsogbu nnyocha n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri, site na Ministri ozi nke Tunisia, ọ nweghịkwa ike ile ya anya na ụlọ ihe nkiri azụmahịa.[3] Ihe nkiri ya nke abụọ zuru oke, Habiba Mīsika (1994), bụ ihe nkiri nke onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-agba egwu na Tunisia, Marguerite Habiba Msika.[3] Flowers of Oblivion kọrọ akụkọ banyere Zakia, onye opium riri ahụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị isi mgbaka na Vichy-achị Tunisia na 1940s.[2] Onye nduzi ahụ nwere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta nke ya n'okpuru Intermedia Productions n'akụkụ ndị nduzi nwanyị ndị ọzọ a ma ama, iji mee ihe nkiri na mgbasa ozi.[3] Baccar emepụtawokwa ọtụtụ ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi.[6]

Mgbalị Baccar na-eme maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị Tunisia dugara ya n'ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị; ebe ọ ghọrọ onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Al Massar.[7] N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2011, a họpụtara Baccar dị ka onye otu na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu[8]. N'afọ 2014, Baccar ghọrọ onye isi oche nke otu ndị omeiwu nke Democrats na Tunisia. Baccar bụ osote onye isi oche nke otu Democratic, ọ ghọrọ "nwaanyị mbụ na naanị nwanyị na-eduzi otu ndị omeiwu".[7]

Ihe nkiri[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ihe nkiri ndị a na-egosi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • 1976: Fatma 75
  • 1994: Habiba Sinika/Agba Egwú Ọkụ/Agba Agha Ọkụ
  • 2006: Knochkhach/Flowers of Forgetfulness/The Flower of Forget
  • 2017: El Jaida[9]

Ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ

  • 1966: L'Eveil (onye nduzi) (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi)
  • 1985: De la toison au fil d'or/The Golden Fleece (director) (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi)
  • 1989: Moon Child (Producer) (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi)[9]
  • 2010: Baydha (Tabou) (Onye na-emepụta)
  • 2016: Peluche (Onye na-emepụta)

Usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • 1996: Ihe Nzuzo nke Ọrụ
  • 1997 : Ụmụ nwanyị na ncheta anyị
  • 2002 : Farhat Lamor (Obi ụtọ nke ndụ)
  • 2005 : Chara Al Hobb
  • 2006 : Nwassi w Ateb
  • 2006 : Assaar âailya
  • 2007 : Chaâbane fi Ramadhane
  • 2007 : Kamanjet Sallema
  • 2007 : Layali el tit

Onyinye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • N'afọ 1968, L'Eveil, nwetara onyinye na mmemme ihe nkiri Kelibia na Sfax.[3]
  • N'afọ 1979, Fatma 75, meriri ihe nrite ọla edo na Mannhiem Film Festival.[3]

Nsọpụrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • 2014 : Knight nke National Order of Merit nke Tunisia
  • 2015 : Onye isi nke Order of the Republic of Tunisia

Ebensidee[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Stefanie van de Peer, 'An encounter with the doyenne of Tunisian film, Selma Baccar', The Journal of North African Studies, Vol. 16. No. 3, September 2011, pp.471-82. DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2010.527122
  2. 2.0 2.1 Florence Martin (2011). "Selma Baccar's Transvergent Spectatorship: Flower of Oblivion (Tunisia, 2006)", Screens and Veils: Maghrebi Women's Cinema. Indiana University Press, 183–209. ISBN 978-0-253-00565-6.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Martin2011" defined multiple times with different content
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Rebecca Hillauer (2005). Encyclopedia of Arab Women Filmmakers. American Univ in Cairo Press, 375–. ISBN 978-977-424-943-3.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Hillauer2005" defined multiple times with different content
  4. Peer (2012-10-01). "A transnational feminist rereading of post-Third Cinema theory: The case of Maghreb documentary" (in en). Journal of African Cinemas 4 (2): 175–189. DOI:10.1386/jac.4.2.175_1. ISSN 1754-9221. 
  5. Stefanie Van de Peer (2017). "Chapter 3. Selma Baccar: Non-fiction in Tunisisa, the land of fictions", Negotiating Dissidence: The Pioneering Women of Arab Documentary. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-1-4744-2338-0. 
  6. "Selma Baccar: "La cultura es el arma más poderosa contra el terrorismo y el integrismo"", 20 Minutos, October 23, 2018.
  7. 7.0 7.1 Tunisie – ANC : Salma Baccar nouvelle présidente du bloc démocratique (fr-FR). www.tunisienumerique.com. Retrieved on 2018-10-19.
  8. Lilia Labidi (2016). "Political, aesthetic, and ethical positions of Tunisian women artists, 2011-2013", in Andrea Khalil: Gender, Women and the Arab Spring. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-59916-6. 
  9. 9.0 9.1 Selma Baccar. IMDb. Retrieved on 2018-10-19. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content