Ọchịchị Palestaịn

 

3]Palestine (Arabic: فلسطين, romanized: Filasṭīn, akpọ [fɪ.lɪs.tˤiː.n]), bụ ọchịchị steeti Palestine[lower-alpha 1] (دولة فلسطين, Dawlat Filasṭīn), bụ steeti Levant dị na mpaghara ndịda. nke West Asia. Ndị otu Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) na-achị, ọ na-ekwu na West Bank (gụnyere East Jerusalem) na Gaza Strip dị ka ókèala ya, n'agbanyeghị na mpaghara ahụ dum nọ n'okpuru ọrụ Israel kemgbe agha ụbọchị isii nke 1967.[1] ] N'ihi nkwekọrịta Oslo nke 1993-1995, a na-ekewa West Bank ugbu a na mpaghara 165 Palestine nke dị n'okpuru ọchịchị mba Palestine (PNA); nke fọdụrụ, gụnyere 200 Israel obibi, bụ n'okpuru zuru Israel akara. Ndị otu Islam na-alụ ọgụ bụ Hamas na-achị Strip Gaza ma bụrụkwa ndị Egypt na Israel nọ n'okpuru mgbochi ogologo oge kemgbe 2007.[lower-alpha]

Na 15 Nọvemba 1988 na Algiers, onye isi oche nke PLO Yasser Arafat kpọsara nguzobe nke Steeti Palestine. Otu afọ ka mbinye aka na nkwekọrịta Oslo na 1993, e guzobere PNA ka ọ na-achị (n'ogo dị iche iche) mpaghara A na B na West Bank, nke nwere 165 enclaves, na Gaza Strip. Mgbe Hamas ghọrọ PNA nzuko omeiwu na-eduga ọzọ na kasị ọhụrụ ntuli aka (2006), a esemokwu bilitere n'etiti ya na Fatah otu, na-eduga Gaza na-eweghara site Hamas na 2007 (afọ abụọ mgbe Israel disengagement).

.Ọ bụ ezie na echiche nke mpaghara Palestine na oke ala ya dịgasị iche n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ugbu a a na-ewere ya dị ka steeti Israel nke oge a, West Bank na Gaza Strip.[1].  Ojiji nke okwu ahụ bụ "Palestine" ma ọ bụ okwu metụtara ya na mpaghara dị na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Oké Osimiri Mediterenian n'akụkụ Syria ka na-eme kemgbe oge Gris oge ochie, ebe Herodotus bụ ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme mbụ na-ede na narị afọ nke ise BC na The  Akụkọ banyere "mpaghara Siria, nke a na-akpọ Palaistin" nke ndị Finishia na ndị obodo ndị ọzọ na-emekọrịta ihe.[2] [3]  A na-eche na okwu ahụ bụ "Palestine" (na Latin, Palæstina) bụ okwu ndị Gris oge ochie chepụtara maka mpaghara ala ndị Filistia bi, n'agbanyeghị na e nwere nkọwa ndị ọzọ.[4]

Terminology

.Edemede a na-eji okwu ndị ahụ "Palestine", "State of Palestine", "nwere mpaghara Palestine" (oPt ma ọ bụ OPT) na-agbanwe agbanwe dabere na ọnọdụ. Kpọmkwem, okwu ahụ bụ "mpaghara Palestine nwere" na-ezo aka n'ozuzu ya na mpaghara ala nke ala Palestine nke Israel bi na 1967. N'ọnọdụ niile, ihe ọ bụla e zoro aka na ala ma ọ bụ ókèala na-ezo aka na ala nke steeti Palestine na-azọrọ.[1].

. N'afọ 1964, mgbe Jordan na-achị West Bank, e hiwere Òtù Ntọhapụ nke Palestine n'ebe ahụ iji buso Israel agha.  Akwụkwọ ikike mba Palestine nke PLO na-akọwa oke ala Palestine dị ka mpaghara niile fọdụrụ na ikike, gụnyere Israel.  Mgbe Agha Ụbọchị isii gasịrị, PLO kwagara Jọdan, ma emesịa kwaga Lebanon na 1971.[1]

In 1979, through the Camp David Accords, Egypt signaled an end to any claim of its own over the Gaza Strip. In July 1988, Jordan ceded its claims to the West Bank—with the exception of guardianship over Haram al-Sharif—to the PLO. In November 1988, the PLO legislature, while in exile, declared the establishment of the "State of Palestine". In the month following, it was quickly recognised by many states, including Egypt and Jordan. In the Palestinian Declaration of Independence, the State of Palestine is described as being established on the "Palestinian territory", without explicitly specifying further. Because of this, some of the countries that recognised the State of Palestine in their statements of recognition refer to the "1967 borders", thus recognizing as its territory only the occupied Palestinian territory, and not Israel. The UN membership application submitted by the State of Palestine also specified that it is based on the "1967 borders". During the negotiations of the Oslo Accords, the PLO recognised Israel's right to exist, and Israel recognised the PLO as representative of the Palestinian people. The 1988 Palestinian Declaration of Independence included a PNC call for multilateral negotiations on the basis of UN Security Council Resolution 242 later known as "the Historic Compromise", implying acceptance of a two-state solution and no longer questioning the legitimacy of the State of Israel.