Ọrụ ugbo maara nke ọma

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Climate-smart agriculture

Ọrụ ugbo nwere ọgụgụ isi (CSA) (ma ọ bụ ọrụ ugbo na-eguzogide ihu igwe) bụ usoro jikọtara ọnụ iji jikwaa ala iji nyere aka mee ka usoro ọrụ ugbo, anụ ụlọ na ihe ọkụkụ kwekọọ na mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na, ebe o kwere omume, gbochie ya site na ibelata gas na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọrụ ugbo.[1] Ya mere, nkwenye abụghị naanị na ọrụ ugbo carbon ma ọ bụ ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide, kamakwa na ịbawanye mmepụta ugbo. "CSA ... kwekọrọ n'echiche FAO maka nri na ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide ma na-akwado ebumnuche FAO iji mee ka ọrụ ugbo, ọhịa na ịkụ azụ dịkwuo mma ma na-adịkwuo mma".[2][3]

CSA nwere ogidi atọ: ịbawanye mmepụta ugbo na ego ha na-enweta; ime mgbanwe na iwulite ike ịnagide mgbanwe ihu igwe; na ibelata ma ọ bụ wepụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọrụ ugbo. CSA depụtara ihe dị iche iche iji gbochie ihe ịma aka n'ọdịnihu maka ihe ọkụkụ na osisi. Banyere ịrị elu okpomọkụ na nrụgide okpomọkụ, dịka. CSA na-atụ aro mmepụta nke ụdị ihe ọkụkụ na-anabata okpomọkụ, mulching, njikwa mmiri, ụlọ ndò, osisi ndị dị n'ókè na ụlọ kwesịrị ekwesị na oghere maka ehi.[4] A na-anwa ịhazi CSA n'ime iwu gọọmentị, mmefu ego na atụmatụ atụmatụ. Iji mee ka iwu CSA dị irè, ha ga-enwe ike inye aka na uto akụ na ụba sara mbara, ebumnuche mmepe na-adịgide adịgide na mbelata ịda ogbenye. A ghaghịkwa ijikọta ha na usoro nchịkwa ihe ize ndụ ọdachi, omume, na mmemme nchekwa ọha na eze.[5]

Ụzọ na nyocha[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Òtù Nri na Ọrụ Ugbo achọpụtala ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ maka mba na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu iji nyochaa, nyochaa ma nyochaa akụkụ dị mkpa nke atụmatụ na mmejuputa CSA site na FAO. Ụfọdụ n'ime ngwá ọrụ ndị a gụnyere:[6]

  1. Modelling System for Agricultural Impacts of Climate Change (MOSAICC): Usoro modeling a na-enyere mba aka ịme nyocha mmetụta mgbanwe ihu igwe na ọrụ ugbo site na simulations.
  2. Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model (GLEAM): Nke a na-egosipụta mmekọrịta nke ọrụ na usoro metụtara mmepụta anụ ụlọ (mmiri ara ehi na anụ) na gburugburu ebe obibi. A haziri ihe nlereanya ahụ iji nyochaa ọtụtụ ụdị mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka ikuku gas na-ekpo ọkụ, ojiji nri na mmiri, ojiji ala na mmebi ala na mmekọrịta dị iche iche.
  3. Nnyocha Nkwado nke Nri na Ọrụ Ugbo (SAFA): Ntuziaka nke SAFA bụ usoro maka nyocha arụmọrụ na ngalaba nri na ọrụ ugbo, gụnyere mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ na anụ ụlọ, ọhịa na ịkụ azụ. Nnyocha na nyocha nke ọrụ na-esetịpụ ntọala, kọwaa ihe ngosi, tụọ ọganihu ma nyochaa ihe ịga nke ọma na ihe ndọghachi azụ na ntinye aka CSA.[7]
  4. 2DU Kenya 84(5367322092).jpg
    Economics and Policy Innovations for Climate-Smart Agriculture (EPIC): Ihe omume ahụ na-arụ ọrụ na gọọmentị, mahadum, ebe nyocha na ndị mmekọ ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ iji kwado mgbanwe ha na CSA site na nyocha akụ na ụba na iwu. Ọ na-eme nke a site n'ịchọpụta na ikwekọ na iwu ọrụ ugbo nwere ọgụgụ isi, mmetụta nyocha, mmetụta, ọnụahịa na uru yana ihe mkpali na ihe mgbochi maka ịnakwere omume ọrụ ugbo maara nke ọma.
  5. Ex-Ante Carbon-balance Tool (EX-ACT): Ọ bụ FAO mepụtara usoro nyocha a. N'oge mmepe nke ọrụ ahụ, ọ na-enye atụmatụ ndị gara aga banyere mmetụta nke ọrụ ugbo na mmepe ọhịa, mmemme na ụkpụrụ na nguzozi carbon.
  6. Climate Risk Management (CRM): Usoro a jikọtara ọnụ na-edozi nsogbu na mgbanwe ihu igwe dị mkpirikpi na mgbanwe ihu ọha dị ogologo n'ime usoro mmepe na-adịgide adịgide. Akụkụ dị mkpa nke CRM nke FAO na-agụnye inye ndị ọrụ ugbo, ndị ọkụ azụ na ndị na-azụ anụ ụlọ maka nyocha nke ihe ize ndụ iji melite ohere na mpaghara.
  7. Mgbasa ozi nwoke na nwanyị: Iji nweta CSA n'ụzọ na-adịgide adịgide; ọ dị mkpa ịghọta ọrụ, ikike na ibu ọrụ nke ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị iji hụ na ha nwere ike ịnweta ụkpụrụ na uru omume CSA.
  8. Nnyocha na Nnyocha nke Greenhouse Gas Emissions na Mitigation Potential in Agriculture (MAGHG) oru ngo: Ọrụ a dabara n'okpuru mmemme MICCA (Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture). N'okpuru ọrụ a, a na-akwado mba ndị otu na-achịkọta ma na-akọ akụkọ gbasara GHG na ọrụ ugbo, ọhịa na mpaghara ndị ọzọ (AFOLU) maka ihe ndekọ UNFCCC metụtara.

Ihe ndị mejupụtara ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

CSA nwere ogidi atọ: ịbawanye mmepụta ugbo na ego ha na-enweta; ime mgbanwe na iwulite ike ịnagide mgbanwe ihu igwe; na ibelata ma ọ bụ wepụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọrụ ugbo.

Ọrụ ugbo carbon[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ ugbo carbon bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị mejupụtara ọrụ ugbo nwere ọgụgụ isi na ihu igwe ma na-ezube ibelata ma ọ bụ wepụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọrụ ugbo.

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Ọrụ ugbo nwere ọgụgụ isi na okike[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mgbanwe ihu igwe na-emetụta ụmụ nwoke, ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ nwoke, na ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ dị iche iche. Iji mee ka ịdị irè na nkwado nke ntinye aka CSA dịkwuo elu, a ghaghị imepụta ha iji dozie enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị na ịkpa ókè megide ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. Ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị n'ọrụ ugbo na-egosi na ndị ọrụ ugbo nwoke na nwanyị nwere ohere dịgasị iche iche iji kwadebe ma meghachi omume na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ike ịnwe ihe ize ndụ ihu igwe karịa ụmụ nwoke.  A kọwo na mba ndị na-emepe emepe, ụmụ nwanyị nwere ohere dị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ nwoke maka ihe onwunwe na-arụpụta ihe, ego, na ọrụ ndụmọdụ. A na-ewepụkarị ha na mkpebi nke nwere ike imetụta nnabata ha na teknụzụ na omume nke nwere ike inyere ha aka ime mgbanwe na ọnọdụ ihu igwe. Ụzọ mmeghachi omume nwoke na nwanyị na CSA na-anwa ịchọpụta na idozi ihe mgbochi dị iche iche ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na-eche ihu ma na-amata ikike ha.[8] Climate Smart Agriculture na-enye ohere maka ụmụ nwanyị na ọrụ ugbo itinye aka na mmepụta na-adịgide adịgide. Mgbanwe ihu igwe na-emetụta ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ dị iche. Ọ dị mkpa ịhazi ubi ahụ na CSA bụ ohere maka ụmụ nwanyị n'ọrụ ugbo iji rụọ ọrụ nke ọma.[9]

Ihe ịma aka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Nchegbu kasịnụ banyere CSA bụ na ọ dịghị ụkpụrụ a na-anabata n'ụwa niile nke ndị na-akpọ onwe ha "onye nwere ọgụgụ isi" na-eme n'ezie ihe ọmụma banyere ihu igwe. Ruo mgbe e mepụtara ma zute asambodo ndị ahụ, ndị na-enwe obi abụọ na nnukwu azụmaahịa ga-anọgide na-eji aha ahụ 'na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ' nke òtù ha - ma ọ bụ nye echiche ụgha nke nlekọta gburugburu ebe obibi.[10] Enwere ike ịhụ CSA dị ka akara na-enweghị isi nke na-emetụta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe ọ bụla, nke a bụ nke a kpachaara anya mee ka ọ zoo mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na gburugburu ebe obibi nke nhọrọ teknụzụ dị iche iche.

N'afọ 2014, The Guardian kọrọ na a katọrọ ọrụ ugbo nwere ọgụgụ isi n'ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị ka ụdị greenwashing.[11]

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Mgbanwe ihu igwe
  • Mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na ọrụ ugbo
  • Mmiri na-eme ka ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ si n'ọrụ ugbo
  • Ọrụ ugbo
  • traktọ eletrik

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ Climate-Smart Agriculture. World Bank. Retrieved on 2019-07-26.
  2. ↑ Climate-Smart Agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2019-06-19). Retrieved on 2019-07-26.
  3. ↑ CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE Sourcebook. Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations (2013).
  4. ↑ Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). What is Climate Smart Agriculture?. Retrieved on 2022-06-04.
  5. ↑ Climate-Smart Agriculture Policies and planning. Archived from the original on 2016-03-31.
  6. ↑ Climate-Smart Agriculture Methods & Assessments. Archived from the original on 2016-04-07.
  7. ↑ Sustainability Pathways: FAQ. Archived from the original on 2021-10-27. Retrieved on 2023-08-13.
  8. ↑ How to integrate gender issues in climate-smart agriculture projects. Archived from the original on 2020-10-21.
  9. ↑ World Bank Group (2015). Gender in Climate-Smart Agriculture (en-US).
  10. ↑ The Debate Over 'Climate-Smart' Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2016-04-28.
  11. ↑ Anderson. "Why 'climate-smart agriculture' isn't all it's cracked up to be", The Guardian, 17 October 2014. Retrieved on 2019-07-26.
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