2019 na mgbanwe ihu igwe

2019 na mgbanwe ihu igwe

ihe omume n'ime otu afọ ma ọ bụ oge

ihu nke	okpomọkụ gburugburu ụwa
na-esochi	2018 in climatology
ndị sotere	mgbanwe ihu igwe na 2020
oge omelu	2019

Edemede a na-edekọ ihe omume a ma ama, nchọpụta nyocha, mmetụta, na nzaghachi metụtara okpomọkụ zuru ụwa onu na mgbanwe ihu igwe n'ime afọ 2019.

Nchịkọta

• Na Nọvemba, BioScience bipụtara edemede ịdọ aka ná ntị na-ekwuputa "anyị na-ekwupụta, yana ihe karịrị ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị 11,000 sitere na gburugburu ụwa, n'ụzọ doro anya na n'ụzọ na-enweghị mgbagha na mbara ala Ụwa na-eche ihu na mberede ihu igwe ihu" yana na "mmụba di Ukwu nagba mbo ichekwaa biosphere anyị dị mkpa iji zere nhụjuanya na- eweghi atu n'ihi nsogbu ihu igwe".

Ntụziaka na ọnụ ọgụgụ

"Ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa nke mbara ala" dị ka NASA gosipụtara na 31 Disemba 2019

• National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) nke NOAA na WMO kọrọ na 2019 bụ afọ nke abụọ kacha ekpo ọkụ na ndeko ihu igwe afo 140 ya- 0.04°C (0.07°F) jụrụ oyi karịa 2016 yana U.K. Met Office nyere ya n'etiti atọ kachasị ọkụ.
• NOAA kọwakwara na okpomọkụ dị n'oké osimiri - okpomọkụ dekoro n'elu oke osimiri bụ nke kasi elu e dekọturula
• NOAA kọkwara na ma oké osimiri Antarctic na Arctic dekọtara nke abụọ kachasị nta kwa afọ nke ice mmiri n'oge 1979 na 2019 nke ndekọ.
• WMO Global Atmosphere Watch in-situ observational network gosiputara na carbon dioxide (410.5±0.2 ppm), methane (1877±2 ppb) na nitrous oxide (332.0±0.1 ppb) ruru ọkwa ọhụrụ na 2019, n'otu n'otu mejupụtara 148%, 260% na 123% nke ọkwa okwa ụlọ ọrụ.
• Oge ọkụ na Sakha (Siberia) bụ nke a na-ahụtụbeghị mbu na afọ 20 MODIS ndeko n'ihe bayere mmalite mmalite na ebe ugwu, na ụfọdụ ọkụ na-ere naanị ihe dị ka kilomita 11 site na Oké Osimiri Chukchi. [1] Site na Machị ruo Juun, ebe ọkụ ahụ gbara karịrị okpukpu 2.9 nke afọ 20. [2]
• Rhodium Group mere atụmatụ na China nyere ihe karịrị pasent iri abụọ na asaa nke ngụkọta gas na-ekpo ọkụ n'ụwa niile na 2019 (14 n'ime 52 gigatons), karịrị mputa nke mba OECD niile jikọtara ọnụ, n'agbayeghi na ọ na-eso ha na ikuku nke onye ọ bụla; China sochiri US (11%), India (6.6%), Europe-27 (6.4%).
• 1 Febụwarị 2022: nnyocha e bipụtara na PLOS Climate kọrọ na, na 2019, 57% nke oke osimiri zuru ụwa ọnụ dekotara oke okpomọkụ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere 2% n'oge mgbanwe mgbanwe nke abụọ, nakwa na, n'etiti afọ 1980 na afọ 2010, ọnụọgụ okpomọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ jiri 68.23% rịa elu. Ndị nchọpụta kwuru na "ọtụtụ akụkụ nke mpaghara subtropical na midlatitude eruola ọnọdụ okpomọkụ di nnso n'adigide adigide ".

Omume na ebumnuche

Omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba, ọdịbendị

Ojiji nke okwu Google na-atụ aro ịbawanye mmata banyere nsogbu ihu igwe na nkwupụta mberede ihu igwe n'oge 2019. Ihe doro anya na-ebelata mmasị n'afọ na-esote nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19.

• N'afọ 2019, Amazon na Global Optimism kwadoro n'kwa ihu igwe nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị bịanyere aka na ya na-ekwe nkwa ikuku carbon efu site na 2040, na-akpali itinye ego na ngwaahịa na ọrụ carbon dị ala.
• Na Machị, a họpụtara onye Sweden dị afọ iri na isii bụ Greta Thunberg maka Nobel Peace Prize, na-enwetakwa nhọpụta n'afọ sochirinụ.
• Na Septemba, Thunberg kwuru okwu na 2019 UN Climate Action Summit, na-akatọ ndị isi ụwa maka enweghị Oru Na mgbanwe ihu igwe.
• Na Disemba, a nyere Thunberg afa but TIME Person of the Year.
• Na Norway, ụgbọ ala eletrik nnwere 54% nke aja ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ maka 2019, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ obodo mbụ rerela ụgbọ ala eletriki karịa mmanụ ụgbọala, ngwakọta, na injin diesel n'ime otu afọ. Gọọmentị mere atụmatụ ịmachibido ire ụgbọala mmanụ ụgbọala na diesel n'afọ 2025.

Echiche ọha na eze na nkweye sayensị

Omume ihe omume nke nkwekọrịta sayensị gbasara okpomọkụ zuru ụwa onu nke mmadụ kpatara n'etiti ndị ọkachamara ihu igwe (2010-2015) na-egosipụta na ọkwa nke nkwaye n'egikota na okachamara na sayensị ihu igwe. Nnyocha omume 2019 chọpụtara na nkweye sayensị dị na 100%.

• Nkwekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nyocha banyere okpomọkụ zuru ụwa nke sitere n'aka mmadụ tolitere ruo 100%, dabere na nyocha nke akuko 11,602 ndị ọgbọ nyochara banyere "mgbanwe ihu igwe" na "okwu ụwa" nke e bipụtara n'ọnwa asaa mbụ nke 2019.
• Nnyocha e mere na afo 2019 gosiri na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị mmadụ gburugburu ụwa na-eche na mgbanwe ihu igwe na-eme nakwa na ọ bụ ihe niile ma ọ bụ akụkụ ofodu gbadara na-omume mmadụ. Otú ọ dị, 17% nke ndị America gbara ajụjụ ọnụ kwenyere na "echiche nke okpomọkụ zuru ụwa onu nke mmadụ mere bụ ụgha nke e chepụtara iji ghọgbuo ndị mmadụ", naanị Saudi Arabia na Indonesia nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ndị mmadụ na-enwe obi abụọ Maka mgbanwe ihu igwe mmadụ mere.

Amuma

• Na Jenụwarị, World Economic Forum depụtara ihe egwu original kachasị elu site na o yikariri (ihe omume ihu igwe dị egwu dị ka # 1, ọdịda nke mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe na mgbanwe dị ka # 2, mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi na ọdachi mmadụ mere dị ka # 6) ma site na mmetụta (ọdịda nke mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe na mmeghari dị ka #2, oke ihu igwe dị ka # 3, mmebi gburugburu Na ebe abibi mmadu mere na ọdachi dị ka #9). [1]

Akwụkwọ dị iriba ama

• Emissions Gap Report 2019. UNenvironment.org. U.N. Environment Programme (2019). Archived from the original on 5 November 2020.
• Herring:Explaining Extreme Events or 2019 From a Climate Perspective. AMetSoc.net. American Meteorological Society (January 2021). Archived from the original on 27 January 2021.
• Myers (16 January 2019). These are the biggest risks facing our world in 2019. WEForum.org. World Economic Forum. Archived from the original on 14 January 2021.
• Ripple (5 November 2019). "World Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emergency". BioScience 70 (1): 8–12. DOI:10.1093/biosci/biz088. 
• Watts (13 November 2019). "The 2019 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate". The Lancet 394 (10211): 1836–1878. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32596-6. PMID 31733928. 
• Arctic Report Card: Update for 2020 / The sustained transformation to a warmer, less frozen and biologically changed Arctic remains clear. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (December 2020). Archived from the original on 8 December 2020. The Report Card comprises specific reports including:

• York, A.; Bhatt, U.S.; Gargulinski, E.; Grabinski, Z.; na ndị ọzọ. (December 2020). "Ọkụ Ọhịa na High Northern Latitudes". NOAA.gov. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). doi:10.25923/2gef-3964. E debere ya na nke mbụ na 10 Disemba 2020.

Hụ ihe niile

• Ọnọdụ ihu igwe na Akụkọ ihe mere eme
• Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke iwu mgbanwe ihu igwe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
• Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke sayensị mgbanwe ihu igwe
• ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na Akụkọ ihe mere eme

Mpụga Njiko

• Ngalaba Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
• World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Templeeti:Climate changeTempleeti:Human impact on the environment