Abụ ndị Mormon

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Mpịakọta nke uri mbụ nke Parley P. Pratt, nke e bipụtara na 1840.

Abụ uri nke ndị Mormon (ma ọ bụ Abụ uri nke Latter Day Saint) bụ abụ uri ndị otu Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) dere banyere isiokwu ime mmụọ ma ọ bụ isiokwu. Ndị Mormon nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ide uri metụtara nkwenkwe okpukpe ha na ahụmịhe ndị Mormon. Abụ ndị Mormon, dị ka akụkọ ifo ndị Mormon, enweela oge dị iche iche n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Chọọchị LDS, gụnyere oge "Akwụkwọ ụlọ" na "ọgbọ furu efu". Ụfọdụ abụ ndị Mormon ghọrọ ukwe ụka.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Onye Scotland John Lyon, bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-ede uri LDS.

Ndị Mormon edeela uri okpukpe kemgbe mmalite nke ụka na mmalite narị afọ nke 19. A na-egosikarị uri na akwụkwọ akụkọ LDS.[1]Ego iri nke chọọchị nyere aka na mbipụta nke akwụkwọ uri LDS mbụ.: 86 [1]Mpịakọta mbụ nke uri ndị Mormon e bipụtara bụ Parley P. Pratt's The Millenium and Other Poems . : 85 [2]Franklin Richards bụ onye isi oche nke European Mission ma kwuo na mgbe "ndị nsọ na-ekwesị ntụkwasị obi" ji ekpere mụọ uri okpukpe, "obi dị ọcha," mkpụrụ obi sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ, na ezi ikpe.[1]Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Elder's Journal, nke e bipụtara na Far West na 1838 ma Josef na Don Carlos Smith dezigharịrị, nwere ọmarịcha abụ otuto nye James G. Marsh. : 86 [3]A na-ejikarị uri eme ihe n'abụ uri n'oge ntọala nke LDS Literature (1830-1880). Ndị na-ede uri ama ama gụnyere Eliza R. Snow, Parley P. Pratt, W. W. Phelps, na John Lyon, bụ ndị dere The Harp of Zion: A Collection of Poems, Etc. (1853) . [4]Nwa Joseph Smith, David Hyrum Smith, onye otu RLDS Church, ketara onyinye nna ya na okwu ma dee uri maka Herald.[5]

POge akwụkwọ ụlọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'oge "akwụkwọ ụlọ" (1880-1930), ọtụtụ ndị na-ede uri bipụtara ma ọ bụ gbasaa ọrụ ha. Ndị na-ede uri Josephine Spencer na Augusta Joyce Crocheron dere uri; ụfọdụ bụ ndị nkuzi, ndị ọzọ nwere eziokwu ma ọ bụ akụkọ dị ka ihe mgbaru ọsọ.[4]Southern Utah Charles Walker dere uri na ukwe nke ghọrọ ihe a ma ama, Orson F. Whitney dekwara Abụ uri lyric, na uri epic ogologo akwụkwọ, Elias: An Epic of the Ages (1904).:465–468[6][4]Whitney bụ onye na-akwado akwụkwọ edemede ụlọ, nke na-agba ume ma akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ma mbọ onwe onye iji mepụta amaokwu "na-akwalite okwukwe". :465–467[7]N'afọ ndị 1930, magazin Church gụnyere Improvement Era na Relief Society Magazine bipụtara ọtụtụ narị uri ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ nyere. [8]Abụ ndị Mormon mbụ na-awakpo ụwa na-abụghị nke okpukpe ma na-agbachitere obodo nke ya.[7]

PỌgbọ furu efu na uri agụmakwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọgbọ na-esote nke ndị na-ede uri Mormon, ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ na ndị nke oge a, wakporo mmejọ na omenala Mormon. [7]A na-ewere ọgbọ ahụ dị ka "efu efu" n'ihi na ndị Mormon n'onwe ha jụrụ ọrụ nkatọ ahụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'agbanyeghị otuto ha natara n'aka ndị ọzọ na-ede uri.[9]

Mgbanwe ọzọ na uri Mormon mere n'afọ ndị 1960, malite na uri Clinton F. Larson. Larson jisiri ike pụọ na "ịkụzi ihe na ime obodo" nke uri mbụ na "onye isi, onye na-akwado mpaghara" nke ndị ọgbọ ya na ọgbọ furu efu (1930-1970). [4]N'afọ 1950, ọ malitere ide uri nke oge a nke sitere n'okwukwe Mormon ya. Na nyocha ya nke nchịkọta uri Larson, Karl Keller dere na uri Lason gosipụtara "okpukpe na-aga nke ọma n'ụzọ mara mma". Mmepe nke usoro ọhụrụ a nyeere aka site na mmepe nke akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na akwụkwọ edemede mbụ nke Mormon, gụnyere BYU Studies (1959) na Dialogue (1966). [4]Larson guzobere BYU Studies na 1959, ma nye aka na uri n'ebe ahụ na Dialogue. [4]Mgbe mmepe a gasịrị, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-ede uri Mormon ndị pụtara nwetara ọzụzụ agụmakwụkwọ. N'ịbụ ndị maara ihe na-eme n'akwụkwọ, ndị a na-ede uri dị ka ndị ọgbọ ha na uri ndị America karịa ndị bu ha ụzọ na uri ndị Mormon.[7]

Abụ uri nke oge a[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a hụla uri na okwuchukwu nzukọ ndị Latter-day Saint nyere. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 1972, dịka akụkụ nke adreesị ya, Bruce R. McConkie gụrụ uri ya, "M kwenyere na Kraịst," nke mesịrị ghọọ ukwe ụka. [10]N'afọ 1997, Boyd K. Packer kwupụtara okwukwe ya banyere ike ịsacha nke Jizọs na uri ya "Washed Clean" dịka akụkụ nke okwuchukwu ya n'ọnwa Eprel. [11]Ọ bụ ezie na ihe atụ ndị ahụ bụ nke ndị e dere n'onwe ha, a na-ehota uri sitere n'aka ndị edemede ndị ọzọ na ozi nnọkọ n'ozuzu. David O. McKay, onye isi oche nke itoolu nke ụka ahụ, zoro aka na ọtụtụ narị uri n'ime adreesị ya.[12]Thomas S. Monson, onye isi oche nke iri na isii nke ụka, bụ onye hụrụ uri n'anya nke ukwuu ma na-ehota uri n'okwuchukwu ya.:6–7[13]

POwuwe ihe ubi: Abụ ndị Mormon nke Oge A (1989), nke Eugene England na Dennis Clark dezigharịrị, na Fire in the Pasture: 21st Century Mormon Poets (2011), nke Tyler Chadwick dezigharị, bụ nchịkọta ndị a ma ama nke abụ ndị Mormon nke ugbu a. [14]Chadwick bu n'uche ka Fire in the Pasture bụrụ ihe na-esote owuwe 'Ihe ubi', ma ọ bụ nchịkọta nke uri Mormon nke pụtara kemgbe owuwe ihe ọkụkụ. Susan Elizabeth Howe kwuru na ọtụtụ n'ime nchịkọta nke uri ndị Mormon dị oke njọ ma ghara inwe irony yana ihe ndị dị n'ime ndị Mormon. Ọtụtụ n'ime ya ka na-egosipụta ahụmịhe ndị Mormon.[15]

PpPN'isiokwu nyocha Bert Fuller, Mormon Poetry, 2012 to the Present (2018), ọ chịkọtara ọrụ nke ndị na-ede uri Mormon a ma ama. O kwuru kpọmkwem banyere ọrụ Kimberly Johnson, na-akpọ uri ya na Uncommon Prayer "otu triptych nke enweghị nsọpụrụ nke na-aza n'amaokwu ka ọ na-arịwanye elu nke postsecularism. " Johnson emeela nsụgharị maka Theogony na Works of Days nke Hesiod, nke Fuller na-enyocha dị ka "ụdị Bekee a na-agụkarị". Fuller na'oro uri Eliason nke Kristen na Picture Dictionary, nchịkọta n'ụdị akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu asụsụ abụọ.[16]: 81 [16]: 81 [16]Fuller gara n'ihu kwuo Nnu John Talbot's witty Rough Translation, Lance Larson's "eminently readable" Genius Loci, na Susan Elizabeth Howe's Salt.: 82 [16]: 84–85 

Association for Mormon Letters enyewo onyinye maka uri ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kwa afọ kemgbe 1977 dị ka akụkụ nke AML Awards.   [citation needed]

Ihe Ọ pụtara n'okpukpe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Maka ndị Mormon, uri bụ ụdị nka nke nwere ike iweta Mmụọ Nsọ na ozi e nyere. Ndị na-ede uri Mormon oge ochie dere banyere isiokwu ndị dị mkpa na nkwenkwe okpukpe ha, dị ka ndị amụma, mkpughe, na ụlọ nsọ, ma were ukwe na uri dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa nke ofufe ha. [2]Isiokwu ndị dị mkpa na uri ndị Mormon nke oge a gụnyere ndị nna nna, ozizi Chọọchị, na ahụmịhe ndị Mormon. [17]Chọọchị LDS agbaala ndị otu ya ume ide ukwe na uri n'ọtụtụ oge. [2][8]N'akwụkwọ nsọ ndị Mormon, Chineke na-ekwusi ike na mkpa abụ na amaokwu dị: "mkpụrụ obi m na-atọ ụtọ n'abụ nke obi; ee, abụ nke ndị ezi omume bụ ekpere nye m. "Ndị nsọ nke Ụbọchị Ikpeazụ na-ejikwa ịmata na ịghọta uri n'Agba Ochie na Akwụkwọ nke Mormon kpọrọ ihe.[18][19]

A na-ewerekwa uri dị ka ihe na-enyere mbọ ndị Mormon na-agba ikwusa ozi ọma.[20]

Na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, ụdị "abụ ọnwụ" jupụtara n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na-ede uri nke Mormon. Abụ ọnwụ nyere ndị a na-ede uri ohere ikwupụta mmetụta ha, nweta nkasi obi na ozizi, ma chọọ nkasi obi n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị ebe ọ bụ na ọnwụ juru na mmalite ndụ Utah. E bipụtara ọtụtụ n'ime uri a na Woman's Exponent .[21]

Abụ nke Zaịọn bụ nchịkọta nke ukwe ndị Chọọchị Jizọs Kraịst bụrụ. E kwenyere na abụ ndị a natara site na mkpughe sitere n'aka Chineke, kama ịbụ ndị Mormon dere n'ezie.[22]

Ndị a ma ama na-ede uri nke Mormon[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lyon, Thomas E. (1987) "Publishing a Book of Mormon Poetry: The Harp of Zion," BYU Studies Quarterly: Vol. 27 : Iss. 1 , Article 9.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Boyd (2015). Psalms of Nauvoo: Early Mormon Poetry. Brigham Young University, xxi-xxxvi. ISBN 9780842528863.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ELDERS' JOURNAL OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER DAY SAINTS. Vol. I. No. 3. Far West, Missouri, July, 1838. Whole No. 3.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 England (1995). "Mormon Literature: Progress and Prospects", in Whittaker: Mormon Americana: A Guide to Sources and Collections in the United States. Provo, Utah: BYU Studies, 455–505. ISBN 0842523154.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Mormon Literature" defined multiple times with different content
  5. Avery (1998). From mission to madness : last son of the Mormon prophet. Urbana : University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0252023994. 
  6. Larson (1980). "Introduction: Charles Lowell Walker: An Evaluation", Diary of Charles Lowell Walker. Logan: Utah State University Press, vii–xviii. ISBN 0-87421-106-9. ; Bennett (December 2, 2022). Charles Walker: St. George Poet. Intermountain Histories. Archived from the original on September 11, 2022..
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 England (1989). Harvest: Contemporary Mormon Poems. Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN 094121480X.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content
  8. 8.0 8.1 Hughes (2003). "Poetry Matters in Mormon Culture". Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 36 (2): 1–26. ISSN 0012-2157.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content
  9. England. Mormon Literature: Progress and Prospects. mldb.byu.edu. Retrieved on 2022-08-11.
  10. Bruce R. McConkie, "The Testimony of Jesus," Ensign, July 1972, p. 109.
  11. Boyd K. Packer, Washed Clean," Ensign, May 1997, p. 9.
  12. Lampropoulos (2022). A Vision Splendid: The Discourses of David O. McKay. Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books. ISBN 978-1-58958-777-9. 
  13. Johnson. "25 Literary Favorites President Thomas S. Monson Quoted in Talks, Devotionals", Deseret News, January 3, 2018.
  14. Collings (16 November 2011). Fire in the Pasture: Gleaning After the Harvest (en).
  15. Chadwick (2011). Fire in the Pasture: twenty-first century mormon poets. Peculiar Pages, xi-xxi. ISBN 9780981769660. 
  16. 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Fuller (Winter 2017). "Mormon Poetry, 2012 to the Present". Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought. Retrieved on 22 August 2022. 
  17. Munger (1994). "A Look at Contemporary Mormon Poetry: One Harvester's Opinion". The Association for Mormon Letters Annual 2: 166-170. 
  18. Doctrine and Covenants 25:11-12. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (July 1830).
  19. Baker (2002). "Teaching the Poetry of Latter-day Saint Scripture". Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel 3 (2). 
  20. Cracroft (1936). A Believing People: Literature of the Latter-Day Saints. Brigham Young University, 248-328. ISBN 0842509291. 
  21. Turley (2006). "Rhetoric and Ritual: A Decade of "Woman's Exponent" Death Poetry". Journal of Mormon History 32 (3): 54-81. 
  22. Henderson. Early Experiences (en-US). The Songs of Zion. Retrieved on 2022-08-16.

Nchịkọta ndị a ma ama[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Owuwe ihe ubi: Abụ ndị Mormon nke Oge A (1989), nke Eugene England na Dennis Clark dezigharịrị
  • Ọkụ n'ebe ịta nri: ndị na-ede uri nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu (2011), nke Tyler Chadwick dezigharịrị

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Akụkọ ifo nke ndị Mormon
  • Akwụkwọ ndị Mormon
  • Ọhụụ Motley
  • Abụ Ọma na Chọọchị Jizọs Kraịst nke Ndị Nsọ Ụbọchị Ikpeazụ
  • Omenala nke Chọọchị Jizọs Kraịst nke Ndị Nsọ Ụbọchị Ikpeazụ

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. Susan Noyes Anderson's poetry site
  2. (1989) Harvest: Contemporary Mormon Poems. Signature Books. ISBN 094121480X. 
  3. Turley, Kylie Nielson (2001). "Untrumpeted and Unseen": Josephine Spencer, Mormon 'Authoress'". Journal of Mormon History 27 (1): 127-164. 

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • 75 Ndị Mmụọ Mormon dị mkpa nke Sarah Jenkins na Gideon Burton, BYU Literature & Creative Arts
  • Abụ ndị Mormon, 2012 ruo ugbu a site n'aka Bert Fuller (2017), DialogueMkparịta ụka