Dion Fortune
ụdịekere | nwanyị |
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mba o sị | Obodoézè Nà Ofú |
aha enyere | Violet |
aha ezinụlọ ya | Firth |
aha pseudonym | Dion Fortune, Violet M. Firth, V. M. Steele |
ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 6 Disemba 1890 |
Ebe ọmụmụ | Llandudno |
Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 8 Jenụwarị 1946 |
Ebe ọ nwụrụ | London |
Ụdị ọnwụ | eke na-akpata |
ihe kpatara ọnwụ | ọrịa ọbara |
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka | Bekee |
Asụsụ ọ na-ede | Bekee |
ọrụ ọ na-arụ | odee akwụkwọ, occultist, ode akwukwo ifo, psychologist, psychotherapist |
okpukpere chi/echiche ụwa | Blavatskian theosophy, Hermetic Qabalah, Western esotericism, Efefe Kraịst, Esoteric Christianity |
onye nlereranya | The Birth of Tragedy, analytical psychology, Helena Blavatsky, Theosophical Society, Theodore Moriarty |
Dion Fortune | |
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Faịlụ:Dion Fortune.jpg | |
Born | Violet Mary Firth 6 December 1890 Llandudno, Caernarfonshire, Wales |
Occupation | Occultist, author |
Dion Fortune ( mmalite Violet Mary Firth, 6 Disemba 1890 - 6 January 1946) bụ onye mgbaasị Britain, onye dibịa afa emume, onye edemede na ode akwụkwọ. Ọ bụ onye nchoputa nke Fraternity of the Inner Light, otu mgbaasị na- ndị nkà ihe nke o kwuru na ụlọ ọrụ ime ihie a maara dị ka ndị Nna-ukwu Ascended so ya. Onye ode akwụkwọ mara mma, o akwụkwọ ወረቀት mgbaasị ya ma dekwa akwụkwọ a, nke ọtụtụ n'ime ha na- pụtapụta akara mgbaasịka.
Amụrụ Fortune na Llandudno, Caernarfonshire, North Wales, nye ndị bekee nwere oke akụ na-akọ, n'agbanyeghị na ama mmetụta mmetụta ndụ ya. N'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ọ bi na England's West Country, ebe o dere akwụkwọ uri abụọ. Ka oge na-aga na akwụkwọ horticultural ọ-ahụ igosi akparamaagwa na psychoanalysis na Mahadum London tupu ọ ọrụ dị ka onye na ụlọ ọgwụ psychotherapy. N'oge Agha Mbụ Mbụ ọ sonyeere Women's Land Army wee guzobe otu ọrụ ụlọ na-ere dị mmiri ara ehi soy . Ọ bịara nwee enwe na esotericism site na nkuzi nke Theosophical Society, tupu ya abanye n'iche mgbaas nke Theodore Moriarty na-edu na mgbe ahụ Alfa et Omega òtù ndi.
Ọ bịara kwere na ndị Nna-ukwu abụọ rịgoro n'elu, Nna-ukwu Rakoczi na Nna-ukwu ikwu, na-akpọtụrụ ya, ma na-aga n'ihu na-ahụ maka ozi ndị Nna-ukwu. Na 1922 Fortune na Charles Loveday kwuru na n'otu n'ime emume ndị a, ndị nna ukwu akwụkwọ ha bụ ndị nyere ha ederede, The Cosmic Doctrine . Ọ bụ na ọ onye isi oche nke Christian Mystic Lodge nke Theosophical Society, ọ tara na ọha mmadụ akara na Iso Ụzọ ihe, wee kewaa na ya wee guzobe Community of the Inner Light, otu m mechara de mma aha Fraternity of the Inner Ìhè. Site na Loveday, o hibere ntọala na ma Glastonbury na Bayswater, London, mbipụta iwepụta akwụkwọ ndị, nkuzi nsogbu, ma kwalite uto nke obodo ha. N'oge Agha nke ebe ọ haziri oru ngo nke ntụgharị uche na anya nke e mere iji chebe Britain. Ọ bụrụ ime maka ihe ọ na-akpa na ọ bụ agha Age nke Aquarius na-achọ mgbe agha, ọ bụ ihe na ọ nwụrụ n'ike leukemia obere oge ka agha ahụ biri.
Akụkọ ndụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]. [4]A egwuregwu Fortune Violet Mary Firth na 6 Disemba 1890 n'iche na-enyere na Bryn-y-Bia Road na Llandudno, North Wales. [1] N mgbaàmà ya dị elu n'etiti klas; [2] Firths bụ akara ngosi nke England bụ ndị ikike ego ha site na ụlọ ọrụ nchara na Sheffield, Yorkshire, ebe nwere ike na-arụ egbe. [3] Nna nna nke Fortune bụ John Firth Lifil pụtara ezina, "Deo, na-enweta Fortuna" ("Chineke, ọ bụghị Luck"), iji gosi ọkwa ọkwa na nna nke nouveau ; ọ ga-emecha jiri ya igbu aha pseudonym ya.
. [1]Otu n'ime ụmụ Jọn – na nwanne nna Fortune – bụ onye polis ihe mere eme Charles Harding Firth, mgbe nna ya, Arthur, na-agba ụlọ ọrụ iwu Sheffield tupu e guzobe ụlọ ọrụ hydropathic na Limley Stoke, Wiltshire . [5] N'August 1886 Arthur Firth ngosi Sarah Jane Smith, [6] tupu ha akwaga Llandudno ebe Arthur hiwere Craigside Hydrotherapeutic Establishment ọhụrụ. [7] Sarah nwere ikike nke ukwuu na Sayensị Ndị Spapa, [8] na Gareth Knight na-ekwu na nne na nna Firth abụọ bụ ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'okpukpe a, [9] ebe onye na-ede edi ndụ. ya bụ Alan Richardson na- በቀላሉ obi abụọ na ihe mgbu zuru oke maka mkpa nke Fortune n'onwe ya. weere ya.
[22]Mgbe John Firth nwụsịrị, Arthur na mpaghara ya kwagara Lọndọn. [19] Dị ka Richardson si kwuo, ha bi na mpaghara Liverpool Street dị n'ebe ndị mụrụ nke obodo ahụ, [20] ọ bụ ebe na Knight na-enye akaụntụ dị iche, na-ekwu na ha biri na Bedford Park na mgbe Kensington, ma n'ebe ahụ ike nke obodo ahụ. [9] Site na Jenụwarị 1911 ruo Disemba 1912 Fortune akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Studley Agricultural College na Warwickshire, ụlọ ọrụ horticultural nke kpọsara onwe ya dị ka ihe dị mma maka ụmụ ndị nwere ike uche. Ọkachamara ya na anụ ọkụkọ mere ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ na site na mbụ ruo n'afọ 1913. [21] O ịhụ kwuo na akwụkwọ ọ bụ onye ọrụ ya, onye kwere Lillias Hamilton, bụ onye a na-achọ uche, na -akpata mgbakasị uche nke mere ka ọ hapụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma ike n'anyị na nna ya.
. [30]Iji nwetaghachi ya na Studley, Fortune ahụmahụ ipisotherapy . [23] Mmasị mbụ ya bụ n'ahụ Sigmund Freud na Alfred Adler, ọ bụ ebe na o ịhụ gaa n'ihu na nke Carl Jung . [24] Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ akparamaagwa na akparamaagwa n' John Flügel naokpuru ulo London, [25] tupu ọ akwụkwọ ọrụ na ụlọ akparamaagwa na Brunswick Square nke London, nke nwere ike ịgba n'okpuru nke ikike London School of Medicine maka Ụmụ nwanyị . [26] N'ịbụ onye na-arụ dị ka onye ndu site na 1914 ruo 1916, ọ tara na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-emekọ ihe na-ahụ na njedebe nke agụụ mmekọahụ bụ ndị e weere dị ka. ihe arụ n'obodo Britain. [27] Site na njikọ ya na Society for the Study of Orthopsychics, o nyere usoro nkuzi ndị e mechara bipụta na 1922 dị ka The Machinery of the Mind . [28] Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ n' ọgwụ ọgwụ, ọ mgbaàmà ya na esoteric site n'ịga nkuzi oge nri ehihie nke Theosophical Society haziri na ịgụ akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ ahụ. [29] N'ịbụ onye nzọụkwụ ya nwere na mgbaasị na- , Fortune afɔdii maka ikan irụ nke mbu uche.
. [37]Mgbe United Kingdom mgbaàmà n'agha ụwa nke mbụ, Fortune sonyeere ndị agha ala ụmụ . [32] Edebere ya na mbụ n'ugbo dị nso na Bishop's Stortford na oke dị n'etiti Essex na Hertfordshire, [33] tupu ebuga ya na ebe maka Ngalaba Mmepụta Nri. [34] N'ebe ahụ, ọ nwere ike na ike nke mmiri ara ehi soy, emesia guzobe Letchworth na-egosi na Garden City Pure Food Company na-ere ya atụ na-egosi The Soya Bean: An Appeal to Humanitrians na 1925. [35] ] Ọ bụ mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ntọala ka ọ ọchịchị ime ike ma mechaa tinyekwuo onwe ya na akwụkwọ Theosophical. [36] Mgbe o mechara nke a, echiche nke ndị ' Asceded Masters ' ma ọ bụ 'Ndị isi akwụkwọ' chebara ya echiche, na-azọrọ na ha ahụwo nke ụlọ ọrụ abụọ dị otú ahụ, Nna-ukwu mkpa na Nna- ukwu Rakoczi.
[53]Na mgbakwunye na mkpagbu ihe ya n'okpuru Moriarty, na 1919 Fortune ka ebidola n'ime Temple London nke Alfa et Omega, otu mgbaasesi sitere na Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn . N'ebe a, onye nkuzi ya bụ Maiya Curtis-Webb, [45] enyi ogologo oge nke ngwa Firth. [46] Fortune mechara kwuo na n'ime oge ka Agha Mbụ gachara, "ndị inyom di ha ọnwụ na ndị ochie nwere agba ntụ agba chịkwaa iwu ahụ". [47] Usoro emume nke Golden Dawn weputara, [48] agbanyeghị na o nyere ya ntọala n'ime ọkụ nke Hermetic Qabalah nke ga-enwe ike dị ukwuu n'iche ụwa esoteric ya. [49] Ọ bụkwa site n'itinye aka ya na otu ahụ ka ọ nakweere "Deo, non Fortuna" nke ezi na ụlọ ya dị ka ngosi ngosi ya. [50] Na January na Machị 1921 Fortune na Curtis-Webb kọrọ usoro n'ọhụụ. [51] Nke a mechiri n' ịgba ịgba ọsọ nke Fortune mere na Somerset obodo Glastonbury ya na nne ya na Frederick Bligh Bond . O kwuru na n'ime nke a, ya akpọtụrụ ndị ikwu ozi a maara dị ka "Ndị na-ekiri Avalon" bụ ndị gwara ya na Glastonbury bụbu ebe ụlọ akwụkwọ akụkọ oge ochie nwere. [52] Bond mechara nye Fortune iwu ka ọ dee ndị, "Psychology and Occultism", nke e Business na azụmahịa nke College of Psychic Science na 1922.
. [55]Na September 1922, Fortune la ihie na Glastonbury ileta enyi ya Charles Loveday . Tinyere otu ihe na-egosi aha nke a maara naanị ka "EP", ụzọ abụọ ahụ mere omume nke trance mediumship, na-ekwu na n'ime nke a ha sere psychic ndị na Asceded Masters; Fortune mechara mmebi na ndị a bụ Socrates, Thomas Erskine, na otu onye agha na-eto eto aha ya bụ David Carstairs onye nwụrụ na Agha Ypres . [54] Fortune na Loveday ji usoro nzi ozi ha dị ka "ịgba ume na- akpali akpali", na- ekwere na n'ime usoro a, ndị Nna-ukwu na-esi n'uche ndị na-ajụ ase na-e okwu; ha tụ na nke a na "akpaaka na-ajụ ase", nke ha ajụjụ na ọ ajụjụ ndị na-eme ihe na-ekewapụ kpamkpam n'ahụ nke ha.
. [71]Na 20 Ọgọst 1924, Fortune, Loveday, na ndị ọzọ hiwere onwe ha dị ka otu mgba asasị. [65] Fortune onwe ya dị ka "Adeptus" otu ahụ, ebe ndị acolytes ise so aka. [65] Loveday—bụ́ onye ketara ọtụtụ ihe ojiji n’aka nna ya— rere ụfọdụ n’ime ha iji kwado ihe ndị otu ahụ. [66] N'afọ ahụ, ha onyera ụlọ na Queensborough Terrace dị na Bayswater, Central London iji mee ihe dị ka ụlọ ns na isi ụlọ ọrụ, na-akwụ ụgwọ ụfọdụ n'ime ọnụ ụlọ ahụ na-enye ndị nwe ụlọ iji binyere ọrụ. ọrụ ha. [67] Ọ bụ ebe na a na-eji ala ndị dị n'elu mee ihe dị ka ebe obibi, ala dị n'etiti nwere oghere ụlọ nsasị ahụ, ala ala ndị ahụ ụlọ ọrụ na ọbá akwụkwọ nkeonwe. [68] N'oge na-adịghị anya otu ahụ tolitere; Ọ " na mmadụ anọ na 1925, isii na 1926, na iri na 1927. [69] Na Nọvemba 1926, e hiwere akara ugo nhọrọ nke abụọ nke ndị nwe nwere ike ịga n'ihu. [69] N'afọ 1924, ndị otu ahụ na-enwekwara ubi osisi ochie n'ụkwụ Glastonbury Tor, ebe ahụ na-ewu ụlọ na n'ikpeazụ veranda na usoro chalet. [70] Na Whitsun 1926, Fortune na ọtụtụ ndị otu ya nọ na Glastonbury Tor mgbe ha ikike nke ike nke welitere ihe nke obi ụtọ n'etiti ha. Ha ịhụ kweta na ozi a sitere n'aka onye ozi sitere n'Alaeze Elemental, na ọ nwakwara ihe ha na-eto eto nke ukwuu.
. [80]Mgbe e ịhụ na-ekwu na ọ na-eme ihe n'okpuru ntọala sitere n'aka Masters Ascended, [75] Fortune na Loveday sonyeere Christian Mystic Lodge nke Theosophical Society, nke Daisy M. Grove na-elekọta. [76] N'oge na-adịghị anya, Fortune onye isi ala ya, [77] na n'okpuru nduzi ya, ndị otu otu ahụ na ndị na-agụ ahihia azụmahịa ya ebipụtara tokwara. [78] N'ime oge a niile, o buru ụzọ mkpa ọ dị maka echiche ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'ime usoro Theosophical, na-ekwusi ike na isi na mkpa nke 'Nna-ukwu njikọ' dị n' akwụkwọ ese ya dị iche. iche. [79] Ọ katọrọ n'ihu nsogbu otu Theosophical ọzọ, Liberal Catholic Church nke JI Wedgwood na Charles Webster Leadbeater ntọala ntọala, na-ebo ebubo na ọ dịghị emetụta n'ahụ Nna-ukwu ikwu ma kama ọ na-etinye uche na Master Maitreya . Otu n'ime ndị ama ama na ọtụka, Bischop Piggott, boro ya ebubo na ọ na-ekwu na ọ na-ekwu mgbasa na The Occult Review .
. [93]N'Eprel 1927, Fortune ngosi Tom Penry Evans-onye ngosi na-ahụ maka nkwado Welsh sitere na ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ-na Paddington Registry Office, [89] tupu di na ahụ ezumike ezumike na Glastonbury. [90] Allọmdi na nri ha nwere obi ụtọ na mbụ ọ bụ ebe na Evans nwere ike na-ewute ya maka onwe ya na mgbaasịka nke o zubere. [91] Ọ bịara n'ime mmemme nke ịgba ọsọ trance nke Fortune kwuru na ọ na-ebuga ozi nke "Master of Medicine". Malite n’August 1927, ozi ndị na-enye ozi lekwasịrị anya n’ihe metụtara ndị ọzọ na iche iche ma ike kpọkọta ya dị ka The Principles of Esoteric Medicine, nke e kesara na ndị nkụzi ụmụ akwụkwọ Fortune. [92] Ụfọdụ ndị otu Fortune pụta na "Master of Medicine" bụ n'ezie Paracelsus, ọ bụ ebe na ozi e nso na-ekwu na onye Nna-ukwu a bụ onye nọ n'ụwa bụ Ignaz Semmelweis.
Fortune na ndị otu ya lekwasịrị anya na ọrụ 'Out Court', nke gụnyere itinye aka na mgbasa ozi iji kwalite ndị otu. [99] Ha na-enwe okwu ihu ọha mgbe nile na ogige Bayswater ha, ebe Fortune n'onwe ya na-ekwukwa okwu n'ebe ahụ ugboro abụọ n'izu maka ọtụtụ n'ime 1928. [100] N'ụlọ ha Glastonbury, nke ha kpọrọ Chalice Orchard, ha hibere ụlọ ndị ọbịa na ebe a na-elekọta mmadụ nke na-emeghe n'oge okpomọkụ, na ebe a na-emekwa nkuzi. [101] N'October 1927, ha malitere ịmepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ, The Inner Light, na mbipụta mbụ nke 500 na-ere n'ime izu abụọ. [102] Magazin ahụ nwetara ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ ya, na-enwe ọtụtụ ndị debanyere aha ha nọ na mpụga Britain. [103] N'ime otu ahụ ha chepụtara usoro ogo atọ, nke onye mbido nwere ike ịga n'ihu ka ha na-enweta ihe ọmụma na nghọta ka mma nke otu ahụ, nkuzi ya, na ememe ya. [104] Ọganihu site na ogo ndị a nwere ike ịdị ngwa ngwa, yana naanị ihe achọrọ bụ ka mmadụ nọrọ n'otu ogo ma ọ dịkarịa ala ọnwa atọ tupu ịbanye na nke ọzọ. [105] Akpọrọ ọzụzụ na ogo atọ ndị a dị ka 'Ihe omimi nke nta', na-enye onye na-eme ya ohere ịrịgo na 'ihe omimi ka ukwuu'. [69] Ndị otu ha dọtara bụ nke nwanyị, ebe ụmụ nwanyị 21 na naanị mmadụ ise bụ ndị otu n'ime oge a. [106] Ndị otu niile, ma nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị, ka akpọrọ “Nwanna” na mbụ, n'agbanyeghị na usoro a mechara nye ohere maka okwu ahụ bụ “Server Brother”. [107] Na Midwinter 1928, ha hibere Fraternity of the Inner Light — ngalaba nke otu ahụ metụtara 'Lesser Mysteries' nke ha nwere ike iweta ndị otu ha - ya na Fortune, Evans na Loveday dị ka ndị isi ya. [108]
. [118]Na vernal equinox nke 1930, Fortune ise na-site na 'Lesser Mysteries' na usoro ogo atɔ ugbu a guzobe nke ọma-ọ ọrụ ọrụ ọha na eze na ile ese anya na ime ime ike nke onwe. [109] Na vernal equinox nke 1931, Fortune rigoro dị ka onye ndu nke Fraternity, ebe a na-anụ Loveday Magus nke Lodge n' ike ya. [110] N'ime afọ 1930, mmesi ike nke Fortune si na ịgba ọsọ na-aga n'ihu na ememe, ebe n'otu oge ahụ ndị òtù Fraternity ndị ọzọ nabatara ịgba ọsọ iji nye ozi nke Nna-ukwu. [111] N'ọgwụgwọ 1931, Fortune echiche nke echiche nke iwu ntọala na-adịgide adịgide, ma ọ bụ Ebe Nsọ, na Chalice Orchard, na n'agbanyeghị ihe ego na-akpa nke ike mba n'obi nwere ike nweta ego. zuru oke. [112] Otu akwụkwọbanye aha na ọnụọgụgụ na-aga nkuzi ya, na-ede aha na akwụkwọ ozi ya, na iji akwụkwọ nkeonwe ha; N'aka nke ọzọ, ọrụ Sunday ha ewu ewu nke ukwuu, na-akwaga site n'ụtụ ruo mgbede na-ahụghị ihe ọ llaba. [113] Otu onye dị usoro ama nke sonyeere Fraternity bụ Christine Campbell Thomson, onye bụbu onye na-ahụ maka edemede nke Fortune 1926. [114] Fortune mechara nyere Thomson aka ikewapụ ya na di ya na-akparị ya, [115] mgbe nke ahụ echiche ọ tolitere nso onye otu Fraternity ọzọ, Colonel CRF Seymour, na 1937. [116] Ọ bụ ebe na Seymour ekiri onye isi na Fraternity, nyere dị n'etiti ya na Fortune bụghị mma, [117] na n' oge Agha mmetụta nke ndị na-ekiri ndị London wee biri na Liverpool, na- echebe aka na ụlọ nsso Fortune's Bayswater
Fortune bipụtara ọtụtụ akụkọ na magazin Inner Light, nke a chịkọtara ọnụ ma bipụta ọtụtụ n'ime ha n'akwụkwọ. [126] Na 1930, e bipụtara nchịkọta mbụ dị otú ahụ dị ka Mystical Meditations on the Collects, bụ nke Fortune kwusiri ike na nkwa ndị Kraịst ya. [126] N'afọ 1931, ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ya dị n'ime ọkụ na Spiritualism pụtara dị ka Spiritualism in the Light of Occult Science . N'akwụkwọ a, Fortune kwuputara ndoputa gbasara Spiritualism. O weputara ihe dị iche n'etiti ndị na-ajụ ime mmụọ nkịtị na 'ndị na-ajụ eluigwe' dị ka onwe ya bụ onye kpọtụụrụ ndị Nna-ukwu nke Asceded, na-arụkwa ụka na e kwesịghị ịkpọtụrụ mmụọ ndị nwụrụ anwụ n'enweghị ezi ihe kpatara ya, echiche nke kpalitere esemokwu n'etiti ndị mgbaasị. [127] Na 1934, ọ kpọkọtara ọnụ ọgụgụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Inner Light na Glastonbury dị ka Avalon nke Obi, [70] mgbe a na-achịkọtakwa isiokwu Inner Light dị ka Practical Occultism in Daily Life, akwụkwọ na-achọ onye na-agụ akwụkwọ n'ozuzu ya. [128] A chịkọtakwara ọtụtụ akụkọ Fortune sitere na nyocha mgbaasị iji mepụta akwụkwọ Sane Occultism . [129]
[138]Fortune egwuregwu na ọtụtụ ndị mgbaasị a ma ama n'oge a. Otu n'ime ndị a bụ Israel Regardie, onye akwụkwọ ya bụ The Tree of Life site Fortune dị ka "akwụkwọ kacha mma na nkọwa" ọ ike. [135] Regardie mechara katọọ ya n'ihu ọha maka nchọpụta nke ọrụ ya na nsogbu ya ha; o kwuwo na ọrụ ya mere ka isiokwu ya ndị Nna-ukwu sikwuo ike, ọ bụ ebe na Regardie siri ọnwụ na ọ na-enwe obi abụọ nwanne adị nke ndị dị otú ahụ. [136] Fortune akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ozi Olga Fröbe-Kapteyn, onye Dutch esotericist bụ onye ntọala Eranos na Switzerland. [137] Ọ meghachikwara nzọụkwụ ya na nkà mmụta uche Jungian, bụ nke na-etolite na n'etiti esoteric milieu, [137] ma na-emetụta ya site n'ịgụ Friedrich Nietzsche's Birth of Tragedy.
. [145]Ntiwapụ nke Agha Agha nke Mbụ na September 1939 ụfọdụ n'ime ndị òtù Fraternity debanyere aha n'òtù ndị agha, na- echeta ọtụtụ n'ime ihe omume otu. [139] Site na Ọktoba 1939 ruo Ọktoba 1942, Fortune haziri ntụgharị uche otu ụbọchị ọkụ ọ pọ na-eme nke akwụkwọ uche ndị otu Fraternity maka mmepụta udo. [140] [1] Na February 1940, o mere ihe ngosi nke o chere na echiche ozi na-eche nche n'ụbọchị osimiri Britain, na-ekwere na n'ime otú ahụ, ọ na-enyere aka ime ka ndị agha a bụrụ eziokwu. [142] Ọ gbara ndị otu Fraternity ume ka ha na-ekwughachi mantra oge ọ ela German Luftwaffe ndị na-ama Briten, nke o nwere olile anya iheku "Ndị na-ahụ ahụ anya" site na "Ụgbọ elu ime ụlọ" iji nyere ndị isi aka. [143] E mebiri isi ụlọ ọrụ Fraternity nke London n'oge Blitz, ọ bụ ebe na a na-arụzi ụlọ elu ụlọ ma ndị otu ahụ nwere ike ike n'ime ụlọ ahụ mgbe otu izu okè. [144] N’August 1940, òtù ahụ ụdị ibipụta Inner Light n’ihi akwụkwọ na Britain
. [152]Mgbe United States na-ahụ n'ọgụ na December 1941, Fortune gosiri ikpokọta ndị maka oge agha mgbe agha, na- ekwenyere na ọ ga-abụ akara akara nke Age of Aquarius . [146] N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1942, Fraternity akwụkwọ ọrụ Guild's Sunday, [147] na na March 1943 Fortune usoro mgbochi 1942 maka ndị na-achọsi ike. [148] Dị ka onye nke nna ya maka oge agha mgbe agha agha, Fortune ihu echiche nke echiche nke mmadụ mgbaasị Europe niile iji ọgụ ihe ha. [149] Ọ na-akpakwara igho na ọ ga-ekwe omume ijikọta otu mgbasa na òtù ndị ozizi nsso, na-ede ndị nwere ike maka ndị ọzọ na-eche echiche ka ọ na-enwebu na izute Charles Richard Cammell, onye nchịkọta nke Light - akwụkwọ ndị nke College of Psychic Studies - bụ onye edidi mara mma ya. [150] Ka ọ na-erule ma ọ kpọ ala 1942, Fortune gosi na onye mgbaasị a ma ama na onye na-eme akwụkwọ Aleister Crowley, na-eto ya dị ka "ezigbo mara mma" n'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ akwụkwọ dị n' etiti nkà ihe ndị nke ha. [151] O mechara leta ya n'iche ya na Hastings, ya na onye nyere Crowley Kenneth Grant na- ụzọ na ụzọ abụọ ahụ dabara nke ọma
[163]N'ọgwụgwụ 1945, Fortune dara ọrịa, ọ nweghị ike ị na adreesị aha ya na Fraternity n'oge oyi solstice nke awụ ahụ. [157] Ọ nwụrụ na Middlesex Hospital of leukemia na January 1946, mgbe ọ dị afọ 55. [158] E bufere ozu ya na Glastonbury, bụ ebe e liri ya na olili ozu nke Reverend LS Lewis, vicar nke St. John's Church na -elekọta. [159] Mgbe Loveday nwụrụ obere oge ka nke ahụ ikike, e liri ya nso. [157] O mara ọtụtụ ego ya n'aka Society ya. [160] N'oge ndụ Fortune, ụfọdụ ndị otu Fraternity ebidola mpempe akwụkwọ a na- aghọ òtù na-agbagharị gburugburu ya, ya mere mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, ha akwadoghị na-eme ndụ ya. [161] Ndị otu obodo boro ebubo na onye nọchiri ya mebiri ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, akwụkwọ ozi na foto ya. [162] Otú ọ dị, a ga-tìpọ akwụkwọ ya mgbe ọ hụrụ, n'etiti ha The Cosmic Doctrine, nke ọnụ na 1949, na akwụkwọ akụkọ ya Moon Magic, nke e-enye na 1956.
Emere emume ndị Fraternity n'ụlọ nsọ Bayswater ha n'okpuru ọkụ na-adịghị ahụkebe, ebe Fortune na-ekwu na ọkụ na-egbuke egbuke na-achụsasị ike etheric. [205] A na-etinye ebe ịchụàjà n'etiti ọnụ ụlọ, na agba nke ákwà mkpuchi ahụ na akara ndị dị n'elu ebe ịchụàjà na-adịgasị iche dị ka ememe a na-eme. A na-etinye ọkụ n'elu ebe ịchụàjà mgbe a na-esure ihe nsure ọkụ na-esi ísì ụtọ, nke na-abụkarị frankincense . [205] Ndị isi ndị isi nọ ọdụ n'ahịrị n'akụkụ akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ọnụ ụlọ ahụ, ebe ndị isi-ndị a kwenyere na ha bụ ọwa maka ndị agha mbara igwe - nọ n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche n'ala. Emeghere ebe obibi ahụ site n'ịgagharị n'ime ụlọ ahụ na gburugburu na-abụ abụ, na ebumnuche nke iwulite ike mmụọ dị ka mgbidi. [206] Na-esote, a ga-akpọku ụlọ ọrụ mbara igwe, yana ndị otu ahụ kwenyere na ụlọ ọrụ ndị a ga-egosipụta n'ụdị kpakpando ma soro ndị ọrụ ahọpụtara na-akpakọrịta. [206]
Fortune was particularly concerned with the issue of sex.[2] In her early works she displayed a prudish attitude regarding sexuality, warning her readers about the perceived perils of masturbation, extra-marital sex, same-sex sexual activity, abortion, and free love.Templeeti:Sfnm The only form of sexual expression that she considered appropriate was that between a heterosexual married couple,[3] and she promoted a form of 'psychic masturbation' to quell any sexual urges that a celibate individual may have.Templeeti:Sfnm According to Richardson, she was "a prude, at least by today's standards".[4] In her later works she exhibited a more positive attitude toward sexuality, describing the sexual union between a man and woman as the most powerful expression of a "life-force" which flows throughout the universe.[2] She believed that this erotic attraction between men and women could be harnessed for use in magic.[3] She urged her followers to be naked under their robes when carrying out magical rituals, for this would increase the creative sexual tension between the men and women present.[5] Although sex features in her novels, it is never described in graphic detail.[6] Nevertheless, her later occult novels entail depictions of heterosexual sex outside of marriage, suggesting that by this point Fortune no longer believed that sex must be restrained to wedlock.[7] The scholar Andrew Radford noted that Fortune's "reactionary and highly heteronormative" view of "sacralised sexuality" should be seen as part of a wider tradition among esoteric currents, going back to the ideas of Emanuel Swedenborg and Andrew Jackson Davis and also being found in the work of occultists like Paschal Beverly Randolph and Ida Craddock.[8]
Ọkammụta ọmụmụ okpukpe Hugh Urban kwuru na Fortune bụ “otu n'ime njikọ dị mkpa n'etiti anwansi emume mmalite narị afọ nke iri abụọ na okpukpe ndị ọgọ mmụọ na-etolite etolite nke Wicca . [207] N'otu aka ahụ, nnukwu onye ụkọchukwu Wiccan Vivianne Crowley kọwara Fortune dị ka "proto-Pagan". [190] Ọkà mmụta na esotericist Nevill Drury kwuru na Fortune "n'ọtụtụ ụzọ na-atụ anya echiche nwanyị na Wicca nke oge a", karịsịa site na nkwenye ya na chi nwanyị niile bụ ngosipụta nke otu nnukwu chi nwanyị. [251] Graf kwetara, na-agbakwụnye na ọrụ Fortune chọtara "resonance" na ọrụ nke nwanyị Wiccan Starhawk na-esote, na karịsịa na akwụkwọ 1979 nke ikpeazụ, The Spiral Dance . [226]
Afọ mbipụta | Aha | Onye mbipụta |
---|---|---|
1922 (nke e bipụtara dị ka akụkọ mkpirisi); </br> 1926 (mpịakọta ọnụ) |
The Secrets of Dr. Taverner | Noel Douglas (mkpụrụ ego anakọtara) |
1927 | The Demon Lover | Noel Douglas |
1935 | The Winged Bull | Williams na Norgate |
1935 | The Scarred Wrists * | Stanley Paul |
1935 | Ndị dinta mmadụ * | Stanley Paul |
1936 | Beloved of Ishmael * | Stanley Paul |
1936 | Chineke Ụkwụ ewu | Williams na Norgate |
1938 | Onye Nchụàjà nke oke osimiri | Ụlọ ọrụ na-ebipụta Light Light |
1957 | Ime Anwansi Ọnwa | Aquarian Press |
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Richardson, Alan, The Magical Life of Dion Fortune, Aquarian, 1991, p42
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Urban 2006, p. 167.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hutton 1999, p. 182.
- ↑ Richardson 2007, p. 198.
- ↑ Hutton 1999, p. 231.
- ↑ Chapman 1993, p. 147.
- ↑ Graf 2007, p. 52.
- ↑ Radford 2018, p. 166.