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Drones na njikwa ọkụ ọhịa

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Otu ụgbọelu MQ-9 Reaper nke e kenyere 163d Attack Wing na-efe n'elu igwe Southern California na ụgbọ elu ọzụzụ na March Air Reserve Base, California, na foto faịlụ a. nku ahụ na-efe MQ-9s iji kwado ndị ọchịchị obodo na-alụ ọgụ megide ọkụ ọhịa na Northern California. (Foto Air National Guard site na Tech. Sgt. Neil Ballecer)
Vidio infrared a sitere n'elu North Umpqua Fire nke Marcus Tobey, BLM. Ọkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Oregon ahụ gbara ihe dị ka hekta 43,000 ọkụ.

Ihe ọmụma a chịkọtara site na ngwaọrụ ndị a pụrụ iche ma bụrụ nke ziri ezi ka ha na-efe ala, nwayọ, na ogologo oge. Ha nwekwara ike ịnakọta ihe oyiyi dị elu na data sub-centimeter na anwụrụ ọkụ na n'abalị. Ọ na-enye ndị ọrụ mgbanyụ ọkụ ohere ịnweta data oge n'etinyeghị ndụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọelu n'ihe ize ndụ.[1][2][3] A na-amanye ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọkụ ka ụgbọelu ha daa iji zere ohere maka mgbagwoju anya n'etiti ikuku.[4] Iwu dị na United States, Canada, na Australia na-egbochi iji drones ọha na eze mee ihe n'akụkụ ọkụ ọhịa.[5][6][7]

Nkọwa

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ihe mmetụta foto nke thermal-infrared na ụgbọ elu nyocha nke NASA Ikhana na-enweghị onye na-ahụ ya dekọrọ foto a nke Grass Valley / Slide Fire na nso Lake Arrowhead / Running Springs na Ugwu San Bernardino nke Southern California obere oge tupu ehihie Ọkt. 25. Ihe oyiyi a na-ahazi na 3-D bụ ihe oyiyi na-acha anụnụ anụnụ nke ihe oyiyi ndị a na-ekpuchi n'elu ala, na-ele anya n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. A na-ahụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ na odo, ebe ebe ọkụ, ebe ọkụ gbara n'oge gara aga dị na agba ọbara ọbara na odo odo. A na-egosi ebe ndị a na-ere ọkụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.

Ojiji nke UAVs na-egbochi ikpughe ma belata ihe ize ndụ nye ndị ọkwọ ụgbọelu na ndị ọrụ mgbanyụ ọkụ ọhịa. Ọ dị mfe ịkwanye ma nwee ike ife n'ebe ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ. Ndị a nwere ike ife ngwa ngwa dị ka kilomita 40 n'otu awa. Ndị na-anya ụgbọelu nwere ike iji ngwaọrụ ahụ rụọ ọrụ na ọsọ dịgasị iche iche iji nyere ndị mmadụ aka ịhụ ihe na-eme nke ọma. Enwere ike ile nnyefe sitere na drones ma ọ bụ UAV anya na kọmputa laptọọpụ na ọdụ ụgbọ ala na-agagharị agagharị. Drone nke dị kilogram 15 n'arọ na nku dị mita isii, nwere ihe dị ka kilomita asatọ ma nwee ike ịnọ n'ime ikuku ruo otu awa n'enweghị ike ịgbanye ọkụ. Enwere ike ịhazi ụgbọelu ahụ ka ọ na-efe n'onwe ya, mana onye na-anya ụgbọelu ga-enyocha ọrụ n'oge ule.[8] Ndị a na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka ngwá ọrụ maka ịmalite atụmatụ ọkụ, nke a na-achịkwa iji kpochapụ ahịhịa siri ike igbu.[9] Drones bụ akụkụ nke nyocha na njikwa ọkụ.[10]

Ụgbọelu Ikhana nke NASA na-akwọ ụgbọelu, nke dị na Armstrong Flight Research Center nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, na-efe efe iji kwadebe maka ọrụ mbụ ya na mbara igwe ọha na eze na-enweghị ụgbọelu nchekwa.

Iwu Nchịkwa Ọkụ Ọkụ

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Na Machị 2019, Onye isi ala Trump bịanyere aka na Iwu Nchịkwa Ọhịa dị ka Nkebi 1114 .[11] Ebumnuche nke iwu ahụ bụ "ịmepụta usoro na atụmatụ na-agbanwe agbanwe maka iji ọkụ ọhịa nke teknụzụ usoro ụgbọ elu na-enweghị onye na-anya, gụnyere maka mmepe nke map oge nke ebe ọkụ ọhịa dị".[11] Ewebatara ụgwọ ahụ na 2015 ka Carlton Complex Fire gasịrị.[1] [2].[12][13]

Ọrụ Elevated Robotic nke gọọmentị Alberta nwere nkwekọrịta, nke na-etinye drones maka ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-egwupụta ihe iji nyere ndị ọrụ mgbanyụ ọkụ aka ịhụ ebe ọkụ ahụ dị.[14] N'ọnwa Disemba 2017, ndị nchọpụta na Mahadum nke British Columbia jiri drones nyochaa ihe si na ọkụ ọhịa pụta na British Columbia.[15]

China

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.[16]Onye nyocha injinia kọmpụta na Guangdong College of Business and Technology na Zhaoqing, China, Dr. Songsheng Li na-arụ ọrụ na usoro ịdọ aka ná ntị mbụ nke kwụụrụ onwe ya maka ọkụ ọkụ. Ọ na-eji obere drones na-echegharị n'oké ọhịa, na-achịkọta data gburugburu ebe obibi, na nyocha ihe egwu nke ọkụ. Akụkụ ndị bụ isi nke sistemụ ya gụnyere sistemu GPS, ụgbọ ala ikuku na-enweghị mmadụ (UAV), na ụdị ụgbọ elu nwere ọgụgụ isi.

Ndị otu 163d Aircraft Maintenance Squadron,163d Attack Wing, California Air National Guard, na-eme nyocha tupu ụgbọ elu na MQ-9 Reaper nke nku ahụ tupu ọrụ nkwado ọkụ, Ọgọst 1, 2018, na March Air Reserve Base, California. Akụkụ ahụ na-akwado ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị na-alụ ọgụ megide ọtụtụ ọkụ ọhịa na Northern California, gụnyere Carr Fire na Mendocino Complex Fire.

Drones na-abịa n'ụdị dị iche iche ma nwee ihe nchọpụta na ngwá ọrụ dị iche iche.[3] E nwere drones na-akpata ọkụ nke na-enyere aka belata mmebi nke ọkụ ọhịa kpatara.[17] Ụgbọ elu ndị na-enwe mmasị n'anya bụ ndị ọha na-anya. Ndị ọchịchị na United States na Canada machibidoro iji drones ndị a mee ihe n'ọkụ ọhịa. Drones ndị a na-egbochi ọrụ mgbanyụ ọkụ ma gbochie ụlọ ọrụ iji usoro ikuku.[18]

  1. ↑ Duewel. "'The best friend a firefighter could have': How drones help battle Oregon wildfires", KVAL, 17 August 2018.
  2. ↑ Drones and Wildfires: How New Tech is Shaping Wildfire Response - Wildfires, Drones, and Emergency Management. veoci.com. Retrieved on 2020-05-01.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Frey (2018-08-22). Using Drones to Eliminate Future Forest Fires (en-US). Futurist Speaker. Retrieved on 2020-05-01. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ "Drones & Wildfires Digital Toolkit." Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved 2020-05-01. Templeeti:PD-notice
  5. ↑ Fatemah Afgah et al. "Wildfire Monitoring in Remote Areas using Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles" Northern Arizona University & University of Alabama. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
  6. ↑ Drones on the Fire Ground - Australia Update (en-US). International Association of Wildland Fire. Retrieved on 2020-05-01.
  7. ↑ "Drones and UAVs" gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
  8. ↑ Drones: A Tool For Early Wildfire Detection (en). VPM.org. Archived from the original on 2021-09-08. Retrieved on 2020-05-01.
  9. ↑ Divis (2019-02-05). Feds Directed to Use Drones to Fight Wildfires (en-US). Inside Unmanned Systems. Retrieved on 2020-05-01.
  10. ↑ Fire (en). www.mdpi.com. Retrieved on 2020-05-01.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Bipartisan law pushes use of drones for fighting wildfires. www.fedscoop.com (12 March 2019). Retrieved on 2020-05-01.
  12. ↑ What to know about the Wildfire Management Technology Advancement Act (en). FireRescue1. Retrieved on 2020-05-01.
  13. ↑ Knicely. "Wildfire firefighting technology bill headed to Trump, would expand drone mapping and GPS", KIRO, February 26, 2019.
  14. ↑ Berke. "Firefighters are using drones to fight the raging wildfire in Alberta", Business Insider, May 7, 2016.
  15. ↑ "Surveying the Fury: Drones Assess Costs of 2017 BC Wildfires", UBC Faculty of Forestry, 15 December 2017.
  16. ↑ Li (1 March 2019). "Wildfire early warning system based on wireless sensors and unmanned aerial vehicle". Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems 7 (1): 76–91. DOI:10.1139/juvs-2018-0022. 
  17. ↑ Cagle. "'Dragon' drones: the flame throwers fighting wildfires with fire", The Guardian, 4 September 2019.
  18. ↑ Drones and Wildfire | Department of Forestry and Fire Management. dffm.az.gov. Retrieved on 2020-05-01.
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