J. P. Clark

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J. P. Clark

John Pepper Clark-Bekederemo

( 6 Eprel 1935-13 Ọktoba 2020) bụ onye Naijiria na-ede uri na onye na-ede egwuregwu, onye bipụtakwara dị ka J.P Clark na John Pepper Clark .

Ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mụrụ ya na Kiagbodo, Naịjirịa, nna Ijaw na nne Urhobo, Clark nwetara agụmakwụkwọ ya n'oge ọ bụ nwata na Native Authority School, Okrika (Ofinibenya-Ama), na Burutu LGA (n'oge ahụ Western Ijaw) na prestigious Government College na Ughelli, na nzere BA ya na Bekee na Mahadum Ibadan, ebe o dezigharịrị magazin dị iche iche, gụnyere Beacon na The Horn.[1][2] Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Ibadan na 1960, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ ozi na Ministry of Information, na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ ochie nke Naịjirịa, dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Daily Express, yana dị ka onye nyocha na Institute of African Studies, Mahadum Ibadan. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ọtụtụ afọ dị ka prọfesọ nke Bekee na Mahadum Lagos, ọkwá ọ lara ezumike nká na 1980.[3] Mgbe ọ nọ na Mahadum Lagos, ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Black Orpheus .[4]

N'afọ 1982, ya na nwunye ya Ebun Odutola (onye prọfesọ na onye bụbu onye nduzi nke Centre for Cultural Studies na Mahadum Lagos), o guzobere PEC Repertory Theatre na Lagos.

Nwoke na-eme njem n'ọtụtụ ebe, Clark mere nleta na nhọpụta prọfesọ n'ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ dị elu, gụnyere Yale na Mahadum Wesleyan na United States.[1]

Abụ uri[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A maara Clark nke ọma maka uri ya, gụnyere:

  • Abụ uri (Mbari, 1961), otu abụ 40 na-ekwu maka isiokwu dịgasị iche iche;
  • A Reed in the Tide (Longmans, 1965), uri oge ụfọdụ nke na-elekwasị anya na nzụlite ndị Africa Clark na ahụmịhe njem ya na America na ebe ndị ọzọ.
  • Ndị nwụrụnụ: Poems 1966 Xia68 (USA: Africana Publishing Corporation, 1970), nke na-egosi ihe ndị jọgburu onwe ha mere n'agha Naịjirịa na Biafra;
  • A Decade of Tongues (Longmans, Drumbeat series, 1981), nchịkọta nke uri 74, nke niile ma e wezụga "Epilogue to Casualties" (nke a raara nye Michael Echeruo) ka e bipụtara na mpịakọta ndị mbụ;
  • State of the Union (1981), nke na-eme ka egwu Clark banyere ihe omume mmekọrịta ọha na eze na Naijiria dị ka mba na-emepe emepe pụta ìhè.
  • Mandela and Other Poems (1988), nke na-ekwu maka nsogbu na-adịgide adịgide nke ịka nká na ọnwụ.

Ndị nkatọ achọpụtala usoro atọ dị mkpa n'ọrụ uri Clark: usoro mmụta nke nnwale na nnwale, nke ndị dị ka "Darkness and Light" na "Iddo Bridge" gosipụtara; usoro nṅomi, nke ọ na-eji usoro abụ ọdịda anyanwụ dị ka ọnụọgụ abụọ na usoro sonnet, nke gosipụtara na okwu ndị dị ka ""To a Fallen Soldier" na "Of Faith"; na ọkwa nke ọ bụla, ebe ọ na-enweta ntozu na mmalite nke ụdị abụ ndị dị ka ụlọ elu mmiri ozuzo na "Night Tower", "Night".

N'ime ọrụ ya niile, isiokwu ụfọdụ na-apụta:

  • Ime ihe ike na ngagharị iwe, dị ka ọ dị na ndị nwụrụ anwụ;
  • Nrụrụ aka ụlọ ọrụ, dị ka na State of the Union;
  • Ịma mma nke okike na ala, dị ka na A Reed in the Tide;
  • Ọchịchị ndị Europe dị ka, dịka ọmụmaatụ, "Ivbie" na nchịkọta uri;
  • Obi ọjọọ nke agbụrụ mmadụ dị ka ọ dị na Mandela na Poems ndị ọzọ.

Clark na-emekarị banyere isiokwu ndị a site na mgbagwoju anya nke ihe oyiyi ndị Afrịka na nke ọdịnala ọdịda anyanwụ.

Ihe nkiri[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ dị egwu nke Clark gụnyere Song of a Goat nke emere na Mbari Club na 1961 bụ ọdachi a na-eme n'ụdị ọdịnala ndị Gris nke enweghị ike nke Zifa, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, na-eme ka nwunye ya Ebiere na nwanne ya nwoke Tonye banye na mmekọrịta ịhụnanya iwu na-akwadoghị nke na-akpata igbu onwe.[5] Egwuregwu a sochiri ihe ọzọ, The Masquerade (1964), nke iwe Dibiri ruru n'ọnwụ nke onye na-achọ ya Tufa. Ọrụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere:

  • The Raft (1964), in which four men drift helplessly down the Niger aboard a log raft.[6]
  • Ozidi (1966), a transcription of a performance of an epic drama of the Ijaw people.[7]
  • The Boat (1981), a prose drama that documents Ngbilebiri history.[8]
  • The Wives' Revolt (1991), the story of a Niger Delta community that received a payout from an oil firm drilling in its land; how the money is to be shared – between elders, men and women – eventually stokes the flame of revolution in the town.[9]

Ọ bụ ezie na a katọrọ egwuregwu ya maka ịdabere na usoro oge ochie nke Greek (karịsịa ndị mbụ), n'ihi ịdị nro nke usoro ha na maka ngwaọrụ ogbo na-abụghị eziokwu (dị ka d iche echiche

ọrụ ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Enyemaka Clark nyere n'ụdị ndị ọzọ gụnyere nsụgharị ya nke Ozidi Saga (1977), akwụkwọ edemede nke Ijaw nke na-ewe ụbọchị asaa n'ógbè ya, ọmụmụ ya dị oke egwu The Example of Shakespeare (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1970), ebe ọ na-akọwa echiche ya mara mma banyere uri na ihe nkiri na edemede ya na Daily Express, Daily Times, na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ.[4][10] Ọ bụkwa onye dere America, Their America (Deutsch, 1964; Heinemann African Writers Series No. 50, 1969), akwụkwọ njem nke ọ na-akatọ ndị America na ụkpụrụ ya.[10] Ọ bụ ezie na iwe nke akwụkwọ a kpatara mere ka ọ banye n'ihe odide mba ụwa, mmebi ya na Casualties mere na aha ya yiri ka ọ na-adịgide adịgide; n'ọrụ abụọ ahụ, ọ kpasuru iwe ma chụpụ ọtụtụ ndị na-ege ntị na ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ nwere mmetụta. N'ịgbachitere ya, Clark kwusiri ike na ọ na-egosipụta naanị ihe ndị mere ka ọ na-ahụ ha.

nsọpụrụ na nnabata[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Dị ka otu n'ime ndị edemede a ma ama na ndị a ma ama n'Africa, ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ dị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara akwụkwọ, ọrụ nke ọ na-enwetawanye nkwado mba ụwa. N'afọ 1991, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ natara onyinye Nigerian National Order of Merit Award maka akwụkwọ edemede magburu onwe ya ma hụ mbipụta, site na Mahadum Howard, nke mpịakọta abụọ ya, The Ozidi Saga na Collected Plays and Poems 1958-1988 .[11]

Na 6 Disemba 2011, iji kwanyere ndụ na ọrụ nke Prọfesọ John Pepper Clark-Bekederemo ùgwù, e mere emume na Lagos Motor Boat Club, Awolowo Road, Ikoyi, maka mbipụta nke J. P. Clark: A Voyage, Akụkọ ndụ nke isi ike na-eme ihe nkiri nke uri Afrịka, nke onye edemede egwuregwu Femi Osofisan dere. "Ihe a pụrụ ịkọwa dị ka onye nọ n'etiti ndị edemede" bịara mbido ahụ, gụnyere onye nrite Nobel Wole Soyinka.[12][13] N'afọ 2015, Society of Young Nigerian Writers n'okpuru nduzi nke Wole Adedoyin guzobere JP Clark Literary Society, nke ebumnuche ya bụ ịkwalite na ịgụ ọrụ Clark.[14][15]

Ọnwụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mara ọkwa ọnwụ Clark na 13 Ọktoba 2020.[16][17]

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. 1.0 1.1 James N. Manheim, "J. P. Clark-Bekederemo", Gale Contemporary Black Biography.
  2. African Success: Biography of John PEPPER CLARK (5 April 2009). Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved on 6 July 2010.
  3. John Pepper Clark-Bekederemo (1933–2020) (en-US). The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News (2020-10-28). Retrieved on 2022-03-15.
  4. 4.0 4.1 "John Pepper Clark". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 7 July 2012.
  5. Owomoyela (2008). The Columbia Guide to West African Literature in English Since 1945, The Columbia Guides to Literature Since 1945. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-51215-2. 
  6. The Raft | Encyclopedia.com. encyclopedia.com. Retrieved on 2020-05-27.
  7. John Pepper Clark-Bekederemo. Retrieved on 2020-05-27.
  8. African Books Collective: The Bikoroa Plays. africanbookscollective.com. Retrieved on 2020-05-27.
  9. Eniola Daniel (14 April 2019). In The Wives' Revolt, women demand equal opportunities, Justice. The Guardian.
  10. 10.0 10.1 Hans M. Zell, Carol Bundy, Virginia Coulon, A New Reader's Guide to African Literature, Heinemann Educational Books, 1983, p. 369.
  11. John Pepper Clark-Bekederemo biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture. manpower.com.ng. Retrieved on 2020-05-27.
  12. Japhet Alakam, "A voyage around J. P. Clark", Vanguard, 8 December 2011.
  13. "JP Clark: The saga of Son of Kiagbodo", Vanguard, 11 December 2011.
  14. Synw Mourns Prof. J.p Clark, Set To Promote His Life And Worksthrough J.p. Clark Literary Society. Nigerian Voice (14 October 2020). Retrieved on 2020-10-15.
  15. J.P. CLARK LITERARY SOCIETY (en-GB) (3 October 2015). Retrieved on 2020-10-15.
  16. Henry Umoru (2020-10-13). BREAKING: Edwin Clark loses brother, Professor JP Clark (en-US). Vanguard News. Retrieved on 2020-10-13.
  17. J.P Clark-Bekederemo: Writer and professor of literature die on October 13 at di age of 85. BBC News – Pidgin (13 October 2020).

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • "Onye edemede Naijiria J.P. Clark nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 85", Focuson Africa, BBC, 14 Ọktoba 2020. Tanure Ojaide, Prọfesọ nke Africana Studies na Mahadum nke North Carolina na Charlotte, na Audrey Brown na-ekwurịta okwu banyere mmeghachi omume ya na ọnwụ J. P. Clark.