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Okukor

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Okukor
work of art, sculpture
Akụkụ nkeBenin Bronzes Dezie
ihe omume dị ịrịba amaBenin Expedition of 1897 Dezie
depictsrooster Dezie
nchịkọtaNational Commission for Museums and Monuments Dezie
Ihe atụ yiri nke ahụ na National Museum of African Art na Washington DC

Okukor bụ aha e nyere ihe oyiyi ọkpa si n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka, nke Jesu College, Cambridge nwere, site na 1905 ruo 2021. Otu n'ime ọla kọpa Benin, e wepụrụ ya n'alaeze Benin n'oge njem Benin nke 1897, njem ntaramahụhụ ezigara iji taa Oba nke Benin ahụhụ mgbe ndị nnọchiteanya Royal Niger Company gbagburu ma gbuo ya. Ọ ghọrọ arụmụka n'afọ 2016 dịka ọmụmaatụ nka ndị a kwakọrọ akwakọrọ ihe, na-achọ ka e weghachi ihe oyiyi ahụ na Nigeria . Ụlọ akwụkwọ Jesus bufere ya na Ewuare II, Oba nke Benin, na National Commission for Museums and Monuments nke Nigeria na 2021.

ndabere[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọkụkụ bụ anụmanụ dị mkpa n'okpukpe nke Benin, a na-ewere ya dị ka àjà anụmanụ kwesịrị ekwesị nye chi dị ka Olokun, mmụọ nke akụ na ụba na nke oké osimiri. A maara ihe karịrị iri na abuo nku bronze ( Eson ) na nka Benin, nke dị n'agbata narị afọ nke 17 na 19th. A na-atụkarị ihe oyiyi nke ọkụkọ nwoke ndị a site na iji usoro wax furu efu, nke ejiri mbo, ọdụ na spurs, na ụkpụrụ a kpụkọrọ akpụkọ na-anọchi anya feathers, nke a na-etinye n'elu nnukwu oghere nke a na-ejikarị ụkpụrụ guilloche chọọ ya mma. Ọ pụrụ ịbụ na ha bụ ihe e ji eme ememe, bụ́ ndị e gosiri n’ebe ịchụàjà ndị nna ochie e ji echeta Iyoba nke Benin ( nwanyị eze nwanyị ), ihe atụ pụrụ iche nke anụmanụ e ji echeta nwanyị, bụ́ nke e sitere n’ike ọdịnala na ihe ùgwù nke nne eze nwanyị. Oke nwunye nke Oba, ma bụrụkwa nne nke eze n'ọdịnihu, ka e nyere aha nsọpụrụ " Eson, Ogoro Madagba " ("ọkpa nke na-akwa n'isi ndị harem"). [1]

Enwere ihe atụ nke nnukwu ọkpa ọla kọpa Benin n'ọtụtụ mkpokọta ihe ngosi nka, gụnyere National Museum of African Art na Washington DC; Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Metropolitan na New York; [2] Museum Continents ise (nke bụbu Museum für Völkerkunde) na Munich; Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Pitt Rivers na Oxford; Ụlọ ihe nkiri Etnografiska dị na Stockholm; Museum of African Art, Belgrade ; [3] na Benin City National Museum na Nigeria. [4]

A ka na-emepụtagharị ya na Naijiria site na usoro ọdịnala.

A kọwara ihe oyiyi ahụ dị na kọleji Jesus dị ka ihe nka nka site n'aka onye odeakụkọ nka nke Guardian, Jonathan Jones . [5]

Ihe atụ atụnyere[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Okukor in Jesus College[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Arms nke Jesus College, Cambridge

Okukor so na ihe ndị George William Neville kwakọọrọ n'oge njem Benin nke 1897 . [6] Neville bụ onye otu ọgbakọ omebe iwu nke Colony nke Lagos na onye ọchụnta ego. Neville kwakọọrọ ọtụtụ ihe n'oge mkpọsa ahụ nke na mgbe ọ na-apụ n'obodo ahụ, otu ọchịagha nke so na njem ahụ dụrụ ya ọdụ ka ọ "gbapụ ngwa ngwa o kwere mee, n'ihi na eziokwu nke ọtụtụ ihe nketa oge ochie na-ahapụ obodo ahụ nwere ike dọta uche na ikekwe. na-eduga ná mmetọ.” [6]

Na 1905 Neville nyere Okukor na Jesus College, Cambridge [6] ebe nwa ya nwoke bụ nwa akwụkwọ. Dị ka ihe ndekọ ya si kwuo, kọleji ahụ “ji obi ekele nara” “onyinye nke ihe oyiyi ọla kọpa nke oké ọkpa bụ́ nke mejupụtara akụkụ nke ihe nkwata e weghaara na Benin, West Africa na ikele Mr Neville maka inye onyinye a kwesịrị ekwesị.” [6] The crest nke Jesu College bụ ọkpa ọkụkọ na uwe nke ogwe aka gụnyere isi ọkpa atọ. E wepụrụ akara ọkụkụ ahụ site n'obi ezinụlọ nke onye nchoputa kọleji bụ Bishọp John Alcock ma bụrụ ụdị nke ogwe aka . [7] [8]

E gosipụtara ihe oyiyi a n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na College Jesus ruo March 2016, mgbe kansụl kọleji wepụrụ ya na ngosi ma kwenye ịtụle ọdịnihu ya. [6]

Nrụrịta ụka nloghachi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mgbe mgbasa ozi Rhodes Must Fall gasịrị, a chọrọ ka e weghachi ihe oyiyi ahụ n'Africa. [9] N'ime akụkọ nwere peeji 11 nye otu ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji site n'aka ndị mgbasa ozi ụmụ akwụkwọ na February 2016, ndị na-eme mkpọsa rụrụ ụka na ọ dị mkpa ka e weghachi ihe oyiyi ahụ na "obodo nke e zuuru ya". [10] [11] Ewepụrụ ya na ngosi ọha na Maachị 2016, [12] n'ebumnobi iweghachi ya na Nigeria. [13]

Na 2019 Jesus College kwetara na Okukor "bụ nke Oba ugbu a na Court of Benin" na e kwesịrị ịlaghachi na Nigeria. [14]

Na Disemba 2020, na-esote ngwa nke kọleji n'okpuru s.106 nke Charities Act 2011, Charity Commission maka England na Wales nyere ikike ịnyefe ọla ahụ na Oba nke Benin. [15] E bufere ihe oyiyi a na National Commission for Museums and Monuments of Nigeria na emume na College Jesus, na 27 October 2021. [16]

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. Kate Ezra (1992). Royal Art of Benin: The Perls Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 85-89. ISBN 0-87099-632-0. 
  2. Rooster Metropolitan Museum of Art Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  3. Bronze Sculpture, Museum of African Art, Belgrade, Serbia. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  4. Cock Benin National Museum, Benin City, Nigeria. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  5. "The Cambridge cockerel is no Cecil Rhodes statue – it should be treated as a masterpiece", The Guardian, 22 February 2016. Retrieved on 3 May 2019.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Zetterstrom-Sharp (2019-07-01). "A "Safe Space" to Debate Colonial Legacy". Museum Worlds 7 (1): 1–22. DOI:10.3167/armw.2019.070102. ISSN 2049-6729.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
  7. "How a Benin Kingdom bronze cockerel suddenly became famous", Bruno Claessens, April 2017. Retrieved on 3 May 2019.
  8. Athol. Archive of the month: College crests. Jesus.cam.ac.uk. Jesus College, Cambridge. Retrieved on 24 February 2021.
  9. Haroon Siddique. "Cambridge college's bronze cockerel must go back to Nigeria, students say", The Guardian, 21 February 2016. Retrieved on 3 May 2019.
  10. Jenkins (2018). "From objects of enlightenment to objects of apology: why you can't make amends for the past by plundering the present", Dethroning historical reputations: universities, museums and the commemoration of benefactors. Institute of Historical Research, University of London Press, 81–92. ISBN 978-1-909646-82-7. 
  11. Robinson. "Jesus votes in cockerel row", Varsity, 18 February 2016. Retrieved on 24 May 2021.
  12. Sally Weale. "Benin bronze row: Cambridge college removes cockerel", The Guardian, 8 March 2016. Retrieved on 3 May 2019.
  13. "Bronze cockerel at Cambridge University's Jesus College removed after campaign", BBC News, 9 March 2016. Retrieved on 3 May 2019.
  14. Bakare. "Bronze cockerel to be returned to Nigeria by Cambridge college", The Guardian, 27 November 2019.
  15. Legacy of Slavery Inquiry. Jesus College, Cambridge. Retrieved on 27 February 2021.
  16. "Cambridge University college hands back looted cockerel to Nigeria", BBC News, 27 October 2021. Retrieved on 27 October 2021.

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