Robert T. A. Innes
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Obodoézè Nà Ofú, South Africa |
| Aha ọmụmụ | Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes |
| Aha enyere | Robert, Thorburn |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Innes |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 10 Novemba 1861 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Edinburgh |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 13 Maachị 1933 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | London |
| asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka | Bekee |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | Onye na-enyocha mbara igwe |
| ụdị ọrụ ya | astronomy |
| onye were ọrụ | Union Observatory |
| Ihe nrite | Honorary doctor of Leiden University |
| WikiProject na-elekọta ya | WikiProject Mathematics |
Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes FRSE FRAS (10 Nọvemba 1861 - 13 Machị 1933) bụ onye na-enyocha mbara igwe na South Africa nke a mụrụ na Britain nke a maara nke ọma maka ịchọpụta Proxima Centauri na 1915, na ọtụtụ kpakpando abụọ. Ọ bụkwa onye na-enyocha mbara igwe nke mbụ hụrụ Great January Comet nke 1910, na 12 Jenụwarị. Ọ bụ onye guzobere onye nduzi nke ụlọ nyocha ihu igwe na Johannesburg, nke e mesịrị gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ nyocha mbara igwe ma nye ya aha Union Observatory. Ọ bụ onye mbụ Union Astronomer. Innes House, nke Herbert Baker rụrụ, nke e wuru dị ka ebe obibi ya na ụlọ nyocha ahụ, taa ụlọ South African Institute of Electrical Engineers.
Akụkọ ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A mụrụ ya na 10 Nọvemba 1861 na Edinburgh na John na Elizabeth (née Ayton) Innes. [1] nwere ụmụnne iri na otu.
Onye [2]-amụta ihe na mbara igwe, ọ gara Australia mgbe ọ dị obere wee bie ndụ ya dị ka onye na-ere mmanya na Sydney, ebe, site na iji ụlọ e mere na telivishọn na-egbuke egbuke nke dị sentimita iri na abụọ, ọ chọpụtara ọtụtụ kpakpando abụọ ọhụrụ na mbara igwe. Innes bipụtara akwụkwọ kpakpando abụọ [3] 1900 [1] nke na-amụta ihe niile ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe n'ebe ndịda hụrụ n'oge gara aga, iji nye ntọala kachasị ogologo maka mkpebi orbit. [4] bipụtara nke ọzọ na 1927. [1]E tinyere akwụkwọ ndekọ ya n'ime akwụkwọ ndekọ nke kpakpando abụọ niile a maara. O biputara akwukwo ndi ozo banyere Nsogbu na Mars na Venus.
N'agbanyeghị na o nweghị ọzụzụ ọ bụla na nkà mmụta mbara igwe, HM Astronomer Sir David Gill kpọrọ ya na Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope na 1894 ma họpụta ya na 1896. Mgbe [5] nọ na Cape, ọ chọpụtara ihe a maara ugbu a dị ka Kapteyn's Star nke nke ikpeazụ depụtara dị ka otu n'ime ọnụ ọgụgụ gụnyere na Cordoba Durchmusterung mana ọ na-efu na Cape Photographic Durchmusterong. Innes chọpụtara ihe mere ya: ọ nwere nnukwu mmegharị kwesịrị ekwesị ma gaa nke ọma n'oge oge dị n'etiti.
N'afọ 1903, ọ ghọrọ onye nduzi nke Transvaal Meteorological Observatory ọhụrụ na Johannesburg, [6] nke ghọrọ Transvaal Observatory n'afọ 1906. Ọ nwetara onyokomita mbụ nke ụlọ nyocha ahụ, 9 inch Grubb refractor, na 1909, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye mbụ Union Astronomer na 1912 mgbe e guzobere Union Observatory. The prime telescope site na 1925 gaa n'ihu bụ 26.5-inch refractor, dị mma maka Innes' gara n'ihu na-amụ banyere kpakpando abụọ na-adịghị ahụ anya.
John Franklin-Adams, [7] onye ọsụ ụzọ nke astrophotography, gosipụtara igwefoto astrographic ya nke 10 inch [8] na Union Observatory, nke Innes ji mee ihe na nchọpụta nke Proxima Centauri. [9][10]'afọ 1915, [1] ọ chọtara kpakpando na-adịghị ike nke dị nso ma na-ekerịta otu nnukwu mmegharị kwesịrị ekwesị na Alpha Centauri, nke ruo mgbe ahụ ka ekwere na ọ bụ usoro kpakpando kacha nso na Anyanwụ. [2] [11] kwenyere, na obere ihe akaebe, na ọ dị nso karịa Alpha ma na 1917 kpọrọ ya Proxima. O nweghị ike ịlele anya ya n'ụzọ ziri ezi na 9 inch refractor ya ma ọ bụ obere anya Franklin-Adams astrograph. Ọ bụ Harold Lee Alden tụrụ anya ya na ụlọ ọrụ Yale na Johannesburg nke nwere igwefoto ogologo oge maka ọrụ parallax kpakpando. Nnyocha Alden nke ziri ezi gosipụtara na Proxima bụ kpakpando kacha nso n'anyanwụ. Enweghị kpakpando dị nso ka ọ dị ugbu a.
Nnyocha kpakpando abụọ a na-ahụ anya bụ isi onyinye Innes nyere na nkà mmụta mbara igwe. Mgbe ọ malitere ile ha anya dị ka onye na-amụta ihe na Australia, ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe n'oge gara aga ahọrọlarị ihe ndị a họọrọ, ọkachasị James Dunlop na John Herschel. Ọtụtụ n'ime nchọpụta Innes bụ kpakpando nwere ndị enyi na-adịghị ike nke ndị na-ekiri ihe na mbụ na-efu. Ihe ka ukwuu n'ọrụ ya bụ ịtụle ọnọdụ nke abụọ abụọ na micrometer filar. A na-atụgharị okpukpu abụọ niile a maara site n'oge ruo n'oge iji chọpụta usoro ha. Ya na Thiele, Innes chepụtara usoro dị mfe iji kọwaa usoro kpakpando abụọ. Akụkụ ndị a na-agba gburugburu mgbe ejikọtara ya na ihe ndị ọzọ, dị ka ọsọ radial na-enye ohere ka a chọpụta oke nke kpakpando ọ bụla nke abụọ ahụ. Mass, jikọtara ya na ìhè na okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ ụdị spectral, bụ ihe dị mkpa dị na echiche nke ọdịdị kpakpando na evolushọn kpakpando.
Mahadum Leyden nyere Innes nzere doctorate honoris causa na 1923. Ọ lara ezumike nká na 1927. Innes bụ onye egwuregwu chess nke mbụ. Ọ nwụrụ na mberede na 13 Machị 1933 na England mgbe ọ na-agbaso echiche ihe nkiri 3D: Ọ na-atọ ndị ọbịa na-ekiri ihe nkiri stereo ọchị, [12] ma eleghị anya ọ na-eburu n'uche ijikọta ụkpụrụ ya na nke onye na-atụle ihe, nke o ji chọta kpakpando nke nnukwu mmegharị kwesịrị ekwesị, iji mee ihe ngosi 3D.
Ihe Nketa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Innes ji ike ọgwụgwụ mee mkpọsa maka itinye ego mba ọzọ na akụrụngwa mbara igwe nke South Africa - o kwenyere na mbara igwe ya doro anya dị mma maka nyocha mbara igwe. Ọ chọpụtara ihe dị ka kpakpando abụọ ọhụrụ dị narị isii, nwere mmasị dị ukwuu na mmegharị kpakpando kwesịrị ekwesị ma tinye oge dị ukwuu n'ịmụ ihe gbasara satellites Jupiter.
Nsọpụrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A gụrụ ihe ndị a aha ya:
- Ndagwurugwu Innes nke ọnwa.
- Asteroid 1658 Innes.
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ Hockey (2009). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. Springer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. Retrieved on 22 August 2012.
- ↑ Orchiston (2001). "From Amateur Astronomer to Observatory Director: The Curious Case of R. T. A. Innes". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 18 (3): 317–328. DOI:10.1071/AS01036. The picture shown is probably Van den Bos
- ↑ See (1900). "Mr. Innes Reference Catalog of Southern Double Stars". The Observatory 23: 283–284.
- ↑ Mason (2011). "The U.S. Naval Observatory Double Star Program". Journal of Double Star Observations 7: 57.
- ↑ Gill (1899). "On the Discovery of a Certain Proper Motion". The Observatory: 99–101.
- ↑ Vermeulen (2006). Living Amongst the Stars at the Johannesburg Observatory. Johannesburg: Chris van Rensburg Publications (Pty) Ltd.
- ↑ D.G. (1913). "Obituary Notices: Fellows – Franklin Adams, John". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 73: 210–213. DOI:10.1093/mnras/73.4.210.
- ↑ W.H. van den Bos (1955). "Report of proceedings of Johannesburg, Union Observatory". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 115: 168. DOI:10.1093/mnras/115.2.131.
- ↑ Glass (2008). Proxima, the Nearest Star (other than the Sun). Cape Town: Mons Mensa.
- ↑ Gill (1899). "On the Discovery of a Certain Proper Motion (and editorial comment)". The Observatory: 99–101.
- ↑ Innes (1917). "Parallax of the Faint Proper Motion Star Near Alpha of Centaurus". Circular of the Union Observatory Johannesburg 40: 331–336.
- ↑ Juliet Marais Louw. When Johannesburg and I Were Young, 94–96.
Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Akụkọ ndụ nke Robert T. A. InnesnaS2A3Biographical Database nke Southern African Science