Asụsụ Babanki
| Babanki | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | — | |
| Region: | — | |
| Total speakers: | — | |
| Language family: | Default Babanki | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | — | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Babanki, ma ọ bụ Kəjòm (Babanki), bụ Asụsụ Bantoid nke ndị Babanki nke Western Highlands nke Cameroon na-asụ.
Ọdịdị ala na nkewa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Babanki bụ onye otu Center Ring subfamily nke asụsụ Grassfields, nke bụ onye otu Southern Bantoid subfamily of the Atlantic-Congo branch of the hypothetical Niger-Congo language family.
[1] ka Ethnologue si kwuo, e nwere ndị na-asụ Babanki 39,000 ka ọ na-erule afọ 2011, ọ bụ ezie na Endangered Languages Project na-ekwu na ọnụ ọgụgụ 39,000 na-anọchite anya ndị agbụrụ ebe ndị na-ekwu asụsụ ahụ dị ihe dị ka 20,000.
na-asụkarị ya n'obodo nta Kejom Ketinguh na Kejom Keku (nke a makwaara dị ka Babanki Tungo na Big Babanki, n'otu n'otu), [2] nke dị na ngalaba Mezam nke mpaghara Northwest nke Cameroon. Asụsụ ndị a na-asụ n'ebe dị nso gụnyere asụsụ Ring ndị yiri ya bụ Kom, Vengo, na Nsei n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, yana asụsụ ndị ọzọ dị n'ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ bụ Bafut, Mbili-Mbui, na Awing n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. [3] na-asụkarị Bekee, ọkachasị Cameroonian Pidgin English, ruo n'ókè nke na nke ikpeazụ na-amalite ịnọchi Babanki na ngalaba niile, gụnyere ụlọ. Tụkwasị [3] nke a, ụfọdụ ndị na-asụ ya nwere ike ịsụ French, asụsụ ọzọ nke Cameroon ma e wezụga Bekee, na ndị na-ekwu ya bi na Kejom Keku nwekwara ike ịsụ asụsụ Kom dị nso, dabere na ọkwa ha na ndị Obodo Kom.
O nwere ụdị abụọ, dabere na obodo abụọ a na-asụ ya. na-egosipụta obere ọdịiche fonetiki, phonological, na lexical mana ha na-aghọta ibe ha. [4] na-ekwukwa ụdị dị iche iche nke ụfọdụ ndị otu agbụrụ Fula bi n'ugwu ndị gbara Kejom Ketinguh gburugburu.
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mkpụrụ okwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Babanki nwere ụdaume iri abụọ na ise. Ọtụtụ ụdaume -apụta na ụdị ụdaume prenasalized, labialized, na palatalized, ọ bụ ezie na ọ ka bụ ihe a na-ejighị n'aka ma Babanki nwere njikọ ndị a ma ọ bụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha bụ naanị ụyọkọ ụdaume nke ụdaume dị mfe nwere imi na-enweghị ebe, /w/, ma ọ bụ /j/, n'otu n'otu.
| Bilabial | Ezé egbugbere ọnụ<br id="mwXQ"> | Alveolar | Post-alveolar<br id="mwYg"> | Palatal | Akpụkpọ ụkwụ<br id="mwZw"> | Velar | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | b | t | d | k | ɡọ | |||||||||
| Africate | p͡f | b͡v | t͡s | d͡z | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | ||||||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | f | v | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ||||||||
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||||||||
| Ihe atụ | j | w | Ọdịdị[lower-alpha 1] | |||||||||||
| Ihe atụ dị n'akụkụ | l | |||||||||||||
Babanki nwere ụfọdụ allophonic palatalization n'ihu ụdaume //i e//. A na-ahụ [ɥ] ndị dị na /k g/ dị ka palatalized [kʲ gʲ], n'otu n'otu, na ọnụ ọnụ-velar approximant /w/ dị ka ọnụ-palatal approximant [ɥ]. Mgbanwe a na-emetụtakwa ụdaume egbugbere ọnụ (dịka /kʷì/→[kᶣì] "elu"), ọ bụ ezie na egbugbere abụọ na egbugboro ọnụ na-ejigide nkwonkwo nke abụọ.
A na-ahụ ụdaume pre-nased na Babanki (ndị ụdaume ọnụ niile ma /v/ nwere ike ịpụta dị ka pre-nasal) n'ọtụtụ ụzọ dabere n'otú e si akọwa ụdaume ahụ. N'ihu ihe mgbochi ma soro ụda, a na-ahụkarị prenasalization dị ka nkwụsị imi homorganic (dịka /ḱnt͡ʃík/→[ḱ́́ɲt͡ʃíʔ] "lid"), mgbe ọ na-esote ụdaume ma na-esochi ụdaume, ana-ahụkarị pranasalisation n'enweghị mmechi ọnụ zuru ezu nke na-eme ka ụdaume bu ụzọ bụrụ nasalized (dịka. /f́nʃìk/→[f́ʃìʔ] "beetle"). Tụkwasị na nke a, mgbe ụdaume a na-akpọ pre-nasal bụ okwu mbido ma ọ nweghị ụdaume bu ya ụzọ, akụkụ imi na-abụkarị syllabic ma na-eji ụda dị ala (dịka /ndɔɔń/→[ǹdɔńŋ] "potato").
Mkpụrụedemede[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Babanki nwere ụdaume asatọ dị iche iche n'ịdị elu, gburugburu, na nkwado. imi="210" href="./Vowel_length" id="mwAWE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vowel length">Ọdịiche dị n'ogologo na nasalization na-emekwa n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma. Babanki bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ihi na ọ na-emegide ma ụdaume dị gburugburu na nke dị nso na nke dị n'etiti.
| N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i | ɨ • ʉ N'ihi ya, ọ bụ | u |
| N'etiti etiti | na | Ọdịdị | o |
| N'etiti oghere | () [ala-alpha 2] [lower-alpha 2] | (ɔː) [ala-alpha 2] [lower-alpha 2] | |
| Emeghe | a |
[àbé] nowrap" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"IPA","href":"./Template:IPA"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"[ɔ]"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwAbQ" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" typeof="mw:Transclusion">[ọ][ɛ] mkpụrụedemede mepere emepe, a na-ahụ ụdaume /e/ na /o/ dị ka nso-etiti [e] na [o], ebe na mkpụrụedemede mechiri emepe a na-aghọta ha dị ka oghere-etiti [ɛ] na [ɔ] (iji [àbé] "agụ" na [bɛ̀ʔ] "snatch", [ə́kó] "ego" na [kɔ́ʔ] "chop").
Ụda[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Babanki nwere ma ụda okwu na ụda ụtọ asụsụ. Na ọkwa ụdaume, a na-akọwa ya dị ka nke nwere ọdịiche dị n'etiti ala /ī/ na elu /ī/ tonemes, ọ bụ ezie na a hụla ọtụtụ usoro ụda olu dị n'elu. N'ụzọ na-adịghị ahụkebe, ụda olu nwere ike ịpụta na gburugburu ebe obibi ndị na-abụghị ndị sitere na ya.
| Aha ya | Ihe edere |
|---|---|
| Elu | ˦ |
| N'elu | ꜜ˦ |
| N'etiti | ˧ |
| Ala Dị Ala | ˨ |
| Ịda ala | ˨˩ |
| Ịda n'etiti | ˦˧ |
| Ịda n'elu ala | ˦˨ |
| Ịrị elu dị ala | ˨˦ |
[5][ꜜ˦] dị elu na nke dị n'etiti bụ otu ụda, mana ha dị iche; ụda dị elu na-eme n'enweghị ihe mgbochi ma na-emepụta ụda olu maka ụda dị elu n'otu ahịrịokwu ụda, ebe ụda dị n'ime ga-ebute ụda dị elu ma na-ejedebe na gburugburu ebe obibi ole na ole.
Phonotactics[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
ka ọ na-adịkarị, okwu Babanki nwere CV (C) stem nwere nhọrọ (C) V prefixes na suffixes. mmalite mmalite bụ ebe ọtụtụ n'ime ụdaume Babanki na-apụta naanị; mmalite nke affixes na okwu ọrụ na-enye ohere naanị ụdaume /t k f v s ʃ m n j ɰ/, naanị ụdaume coda a kwadoro bụ /m n ŋ f s k/. [3]Allophony dị nnọọ iche na ụdaume coda; /k/ na-aghọta dị ka nkwụsị glottal [ʔ], na rimes na-agwụ na alveolar nasal /n/ nke nucleus ya bụ ụdaume na-abụghị elu //a e o// (ya bụ /an en on/) diphthongize, na-apụta dị ka [aɪ̯n~aɪ̯̃ ɛɪ̯n~"ɛɪ̯̃] .
Colescence nke ụdaume dịkwa ezigbo mkpa na Babanki. Ọ na-apụta na /Vá/ na /VÁ/ usoro (ewepu ndị /C/ bụ /m/), ebe ụdaume ikpeazụ dị n'etiti na-enweghị okirikiri na (n'ihe banyere nke ikpeazụ) ụdaume coda na-agbakọta na otu ụdaume dị ogologo [Vː], nke a pụghị ikpebi àgwà ya site na ụdaume ọ bụla (ọ bụ ezie na /V Á/ usoro ụdaume dị anya na-abụkarị otu àgwà ahụ dị ka ụdaume mbụ). Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a ga-enyocha ahịrịokwu ahụ "ahịhịa m" n'ụzọ ụda olu: N'ebe a, usoro /òń́/ na-agbakọta na ụdaume ogologo [ɔː]. bụ ezie <span class="IPA nowrap" cx-link="" data-linkid="299" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" href="./Fon_(title)" lang="und-Latn-<a class=" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Fon (title)">fon" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" typeof="mw:Transclusion">[Xi'a] ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụdaume niile dị ogologo na-apụta na Babanki bụ n'ihi usoro a, enwere ihe atụ ole na ole nke ụdaume dị ogologo nke a na-esoghị n'ụzọ doro anya, dịka na okwu [[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]] na [[ⁿbɛ̀ː]] "okwu adreesị maka fon".
Ihe Nlereanya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| Phonetic transcriptionÀtụ:Efn | Translation |
|---|---|
| ɘ̀fʷɔ́fꜜɘ́ gɘ̀ː kᶣì wɛ̂ː t͡ʃᶣìt͡ʃᶣì ǹtáŋmɘ́ lá à tóː ndɘ̀ t͡ʃòː ndɘ̀ ló sɘ́t͡sɛ̀ɪ̯n wùd͡ʒèʔ mû ɰ mɔ̀ʔ dàlɘ́ lɨ̀mtɘ́ vȉ
vwě ꜜɰʉ́mɘ́ lá ɥìʔ á ɰɘ́ t͡ʃòː mbȉ ɘ̀ nɘ̀ lá wùd͡ʒèʔ nájì t͡súʔ dàlɘ́ lɨ̀mtɘ́ː wɛ́ɪ̯n mwâ tóː wɛ́ɪ̯n t͡ʃòː wút͡sɛ́ɪ̯n ɘ̀fɔ́fꜜɘ́ gɘ̀ː kᶣìː mɘ̀ zìtɘ̀ sɘ̀ t͡ʃǒ nôː nàntô ɰɘ̌ lì t͡ʃǒː ɰɔ́ʔtɘ̀ wùd͡ʒèʔ jí bɔ̀ŋsɘ̀ fʷɔ́mtɘ̀ dàlɘ́ lɨ̀mtɘ́ː wɛ́ɪ̯n á wɛ́ː wɛ̏ɪ̯n kɘ̀ɲʉ̃ː kʲíkɘ́ ɰɔ́ʔ ɘ̀fʷɔ́fꜜɘ́ gɘ̀ː kᶣì ɰɘ̀ kʲé t͡ʃᶣìt͡ʃᶣǐː zìtɘ̀ báɪ̯n ɘ̀ lɨ̀mɘ̀ vȉ wùd͡ʒèʔ jí zàŋsɘ̀ t͡sùʔ dàlɘ́ lɨ̀mtɘ́ː wɛ́ɪ̯n kɘ́ t͡ʃòː ɘ̀fɔ́fꜜɘ́ gɘ̀ː kᶣì ɰɘ̀ bʲɨ́mɘ́ lá t͡ʃᶣìt͡ʃᶣǐː ꜜtóː t͡ʃòː jȉ |
The North Wind and the Sun were arguing about who was stronger than who, until a traveler wearing a warm gown came.
They agreed that the person who would first make the traveler take off his gown was stronger than the other. The North Wind then began to blow with great force. As he blew stronger, the traveler instead wrapped his warm gown around his body. This thing was too much, and the North Wind gave up. Then the Sun began to shine and make places hot, and the traveler quickly took off his gown. This surpassed the North Wind; he accepted that the Sun was stronger than him. |
| Phonemic transcription with interlinear gloss | |
| Àtụ:Interlinear
Àtụ:Interlinear Àtụ:Interlinear Àtụ:Interlinear Àtụ:Interlinear Àtụ:Interlinear Àtụ:Interlinear | |
Nkà mmụta mmekọrịta na asụsụ nke Babanki[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Brye (2001). Rapid Appraisal Sociolinguistic Research Among the Babanki, ALCAM. Yaoundé: SIL.
Ihe edeturu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
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Ịgụ ihe ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
kwuo, e nwere ndị na-asụ Babanki 39,000 ka ọ na-erule afọ 2011, ọ bụ ezie na Endangered Languages Project na-ekwu na ọnụ ọgụgụ 39,000 na-anọchite anya ndị agbụrụ ebe ndị na-ekwu asụsụ ahụ dị ihe dị ka 20,000.abụọ n'ime ọtụtụ ndị na-akpọ onwe ha Ngoe ka ha na ndị na-asụ Asụsụ Ngoe nwere mmalite akụkọ ifo, mana asụsụ ha abụghị akụkụ
- ↑ Babanki. Endangered Languages Project.
- ↑ Akumbu (2018-03-19). "Babanki literacy classes and community-based language research", Insights from Practices in Community-Based Research (in en). De Gruyter Mouton, 266–279. DOI:10.1515/9783110527018-015. ISBN 978-3-11-052701-8.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:) - ↑ Akumbu (December 2010). "Language in Contact: The Case of the Fulɓe Dialect of Kejom (Babanki)". African Study Monographs 31 (4): 173–187. DOI:10.14989/139265.
- ↑ Hyman (July 1979). "Tonology of the Babanki Noun". Studies in African Linguistics 10 (2): 159–178.
