Asụsụ Mwani
| Mwani | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Mozambique[1] | |
| Total speakers: | — | |
| Language family: | Nnijer–Kongo Atlantic–Congo Volta-Congo Benue–Congo Bantoid Southern Bantoid Bantu Northeast Coast Bantu Mwani | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | wmw | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
[]Asụsụ Mwani, nke a makwaara site na aha nna ya Kimwani, (Kimwani [kiˈmwani]) bụ asụsụ Bantu a na-asụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke mpaghara Cabo Delgado nke Mozambique, gụnyere Quirimbas Islands. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ekerịta ihe yiri ya (60%) na Swahili, ọ naghị aghọta ya. Ọ bụ ihe dị ka mmadụ 167,150 na-asụ ya (gụnyere 147,150 ndị na-asụrụ ya dị ka asụsụ mbụ na 20,000 ndị na-eji ya dị kaasụsụ nke abụọ ha). Ndị na-asụ ya na-ejikwa Portuguese (asụsụ gọọmentị nke Mozambique), Swahili na asụsụ Makhuwa. KiwIbo, olumba nke agwaetiti Ibo bụ olumba a ma ama. A na-akpọkwa KiMwani' (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ Quimuane) Mwani (mgbe ọzọ a na-ede ya: Mwane, Muane) na Ibo. [2] ka Anthony P. Grant [3] si kwuo, Kimwani nke ugwu Mozambique yiri ka ọ bụ nsonaazụ nke mgbanwe ezughi oke na Swahili ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga site n'aka ndị na-asụ Makonde, na Arends et al. na-atụ aro na ọ nwere ike ịghọ asụsụ Makonde-Swahili.
Aha ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Aha asụsụ ahụ sitere n'okwu "Mwani", nke pụtara "ikpere mmiri". Okwu mbido "Ki" pụtara asụsụ nke, yabụ "Kimwani" pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "asụsụ nke osimiri".
Ụda[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Kimwani (dị ka Swahili) bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'etiti asụsụ ndịda Sahara n'ihi na ọ tụfuru akụkụ nke ụda okwu (ma e wezụga ụfọdụ okwu ebe ojiji ya bụ nhọrọ). Ọ nweghị nrụgide nke abụọ na nke ikpeazụ nke Swahili; ọ nwere ụda olu na-agbanwe agbanwe. Labialization nke consonants (nke a na-egosi site na [w] na-esote consonant) na palatalization nke r (ry; [rj]) na-adịkarị. n nke ụdaume na-eme naanị n'ihu ụdaume imi n na-esote ụdaume.
Mkpụrụedemede[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Kimwani nwere ụdaume ise: /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, na /u/, ya bụ: ụdaume ya dị nso na nke Spanish Ndị Hawaiian. Ọ nweghị ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụdaume mechiri emechi na nke meghere emepe nke Portuguese ma ọ bụ French ma chọta ya na Asụsụ Bantu ndị ọzọ dị ka Lingala, Fang, na ikekwe Sukuma.
Nkwupụta nke phoneme /i/ guzo n'etiti International Phonetic Alphabet [i] na [e]. A naghị ebelata ụdaume, n'agbanyeghị nrụgide. A na-akpọ ụdaume dị ka ndị a:
- A na-akpọ /a/ dị ka "a" na Arabic Hajji
- A na-akpọ /e/ dị ka "e" na beatịkụ aka
- A na-akpọ /i/ dị ka "y" na yam
- /o/ na-akpọ dịka "o" na ma ọ bụ
- A na-akpọ /u/ dị ka "u" na Sue.
Kimwani enweghị diphthongs; na njikọta ụdaume, a na-akpọ ụdaume ọ bụla iche.
Mkpụrụ okwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| Akpụkpọ ahụ | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Mkpịsị aka | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive &affricate Afrịka |
enweghị olu | p | t | tʃ | k | |
| kwuru okwu | b | d | dʒ | g | ||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | enweghị olu | f | s | ʃ | h | |
| kwuru okwu | v | z | ||||
| Ihe na-atọ ụtọ | r | |||||
| Ihe atụ | w | l | j | |||
Orthography[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Enwere ike ịsụgharị Kimwani n'ụzọ atọ: site na iji orthography yiri Swahili, site na iji usoro mkpụrụedemede gbanwere ntakịrị nke a na-eji n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Mozambique ma ọ bụ site na iji mkpụrụedemede Portuguese. Ndị a bụ ọdịiche:
| Asụsụ Swahili | Asụsụ a gbanwere agbanwe | Asụsụ Portuguese | Nsụgharị | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| /tʃ/ | chala | Ụgbọ mmiri | Chala | mkpịsị aka |
| /dʒ/ | juwa | juwa | dj | Anyanwụ |
| /k/ | Akwụkwọ | Akwụkwọ | quitabo | akwụkwọ |
| /ŋ/ | ng''ombe | ng''ombe | Ụgbọelu | ehi |
| /ɲ/ | ny | ny | Nọmba | agwọ |
| /s/ | fisi | fisi | fissi | hyena |
| /z/ | z bụ | z bụ | tebụl | tebụl |
| /ʃ/ | kushanga | kushanga | cuxanga | iji nwee mmasị |
| /w/ | w'etiti | w'etiti | uacate | oge |
| /j/ | Kipya | Kipya | Chipia | ihe ọhụrụ |
| /i/ | jdalai | jdalai | onye na-eso ya | shuga |
| /u/ | u | u | Ufo | ntụ ọka |
Ọnụ ọgụgụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
sitini (60), sabini (70), themanini (80), tisini (90)
m (100), m mbili (200)
Elfu (1000) elfu mbili (2000)
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
akụkọ ahụ na-ebipụta ihe ndị aenweghị diphthongs; na njikọta ụdaume, a na-akpọ egwuregwu. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-ebipụta ihe ndị aenweghị diphthongs; na njikọta ụdaume, a na-akpọ
- ↑ Ethnologue list of countries where Kimwani is spoken
- ↑ Arends, Muysken, & Smith (1995), Pidgins and Creoles: An Introduction
- ↑ Smith (2001). Creolization and Contact. John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 90-272-5245-9.
- ↑ A sketch of Kimwani by Petzell, Malin
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ihe osise nke Kimwani (asụsụ ole na ole nke Mozambique); Africa & Asia, #2, peeji nke 88-110, Mahadum Göteborg. 2002. ISSN 1650-2019
- Namuna ya kufifunda kufyoma na ñuka (Manual de transition, asụsụ Kimwani); SIL & JUWA; Pemba, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique. 2002.
- Gerdes (2008). A Numeração Em Moçambique. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-4357-2634-5.