Carroll Sockwell
| Ụdịekere | nwoke |
|---|---|
| Mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| Aha enyere | Carroll |
| Aha ezinụlọ ya | Sockwell |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1943 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Manhattan |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 1992 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | Washington, D.C. |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | onye ese |
| Agbụrụ | Ndi Afrika nke Amerika |
| Omenkà faịlụ na | National Gallery of Art Library |
| Nwere ọrụ na mkpokọta | Whitney Museum of American Art, Michael C. Carlos Museum |
| Ikike nwebiisinka dị ka onye okike | Ọrụ nwebiisinka chekwara |
Carroll Sockwell (1943-1992) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe, ónyé ihe osise ya, ihe osise, na mgbakọ ya na-anọchite anya ya na-adabere na omenala oge a na nke minimalist ma gosipụta ikike ijikọta geometric na mmegharị ahụ. A maara ya maka ikike ya iwebata ụcha na nkwenye na isiokwu ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla na ndị dị mfe.
O siri ike ịkpọ aha, a na-ahụ ọrụ ya dị ka ihe na-emegide onwé ya: "ọmarịcha ma nwee obi mgbawa, ọ dị mwute ma ka na-egwuri egwu, ọ dị oke egwu ma nweere onwé ya". N'oge niile ọ na-arụ ọrụ, ọ chere ihe ịma aka ndị na-agaghị ya ike ma yie, dịka otu ónyé na-ekiri ihe na-eme, ka ọ bụrụ "ónyé na-ese ihe nke site na ọmụmụ, àgwà na ógè malitere iburu ibu arọ". Ka o sina dị, o yikwara ka ọ bụ ónyé iro ya kachasị njọ, na-eleghara mkpa ọ dị inweta ihe oriri anya ma na-ewepụ ndị gbalịrị inyere ya aka.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Carroll Sockwell na Febụwarị 13, 1943, na Washington, D.C. ma too n'ezinụlọ nke nne nne ya duziri. Nne ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka odibo na nna ya na-arụrụ ọrụ mgbè ụfọdụ dị ka ónyé ọrụ ma na-eje ozi mgbè ụfọdụ na ndị agha. Nne nne ya bụkwa odibo. Na mgbakwunye na ndị ikwu a, nwanne nne, nwanne nna, na ụmụnne anọ bikwa n'ụlọ ahụ. Ebe nna ya na-anọghị ya mgbè niile, nne ya na-elekọta ịzụlite ya ruo mgbè, na 1948, ọ malitere ógè afọ iri na ise nke ụlọ ọgwụ màkà schizophrenia. Mgbè ọ hapụrụ, nwanne nne ya ghọrọ ónyé na-elekọta ya.
Ọrụ nka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'afọ 1958, mgbè ọ dị afọ iri na ise, e nyere Sockwell ihe nrite màkà ihe osise ya, "Bridge With the Sun". N'afọ 1966, o gosipụtara na ihe ngosi otu nke e méré na Tarot Gallery na Manhattan. Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ọrụ ya pụtara n'akụkụ ọrụ Michael Clark, Robert Newman, na Kenneth Wade na ngosi nke nka siri ike na Corcoran Gallery. O gosipụtara n'afọ sochirinụ na ihe ngosi otu NAACP kwadoro nke emere na Nordness Gallery na Manhattan. Ndị ọzọ na-egosi ihe ngosi gụnyere Norman Lewis, Charles McGee, Felrath Hines, Alma W. Thomas, Walter Williams. N'otu oge ahụ, ọrụ ya pụtara n'otu ìgwè ndị omenkà iri na asaa na Ringling Museum na Sarasota ma n'ihe dị ka n'oge a ọ gosipụtara na Margaret Dickey Gallery na District. N'afọ 1971, ihe ngosi onwe onye na Jefferson Place Gallery a na-akpọ "Mirror Compositions" dọtara nkatọ dị mma na Washington Post na magazin Jet. Ónyé ọzọ, nke a na Corcoran, sochiri na 1974 ma n'otu afọ ahụ ọrụ ya pụtara na ngosipụta otu na Whitney na Brooklyn Museums. N'afọ ahụ, o mekwara ọrụ màkà ihe osise dị mita irí anọ n'ogologo màkà ngalaba ndị isi mgbaka nke D.C. General Hospital. O mechara gosipụta na oghere azụmahịa Washington, gụnyere ụlọ ọrụ Middendorf, Fraser, na Fiedler.
Ụdị na mmetụta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndụ onwe onye na ezinụlọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ezinụlọ Sockwell biri n'ụlọ dị na Virginia Avenue n'ebe dị na Foggy Bottom ebe Watergate Hotel guzo ugbu a. Ọ gụnyere nné nné Sockwell, Sarah Wilson, yana nwanne nne ya, Edna Johnson, na di ya, Lonnie Johnson. Nné na nnà Sockwell bụ Luther na Annie Sockwell, na ụmụnne ya, ha niile bụ ụmụnne ndị okenye, bụ Edward (afọ iri na abụọ karịa ya), Paul (afọ asatọ), Luther (afọ isii), na Eugene (afọ ise). A mụrụ nne ya na South Carolina n'ihe dị ka 1912; nna ya na North Carolina n' ihe dị ka 1903. Afọ ole na ole tupu a mụọ ya, ụmụ nwanyị ezinụlọ ahụ na-enweta ihe ha na-eri dị ka ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ n'ụlọ onwe. Lonnie bụ ónyé na-asa efere n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na Luther bụ ónyé ọrụ n'ebe ili ozu.
Nna Sockwell bụ ónyé aṅụrụma ma a kọrọ na o nwèrè ezinụlọ abụọ ọzọ. Nne ya nwere isi mgbaka na 1948 ma nọrọ afọ irí na isé na St. Elizabeths Hospital. Nwanne nne Sockwell, Edna Johnson, lekọtara ya na ụmụnne ya na-achọghị. Otu n'ime ha gwara ónyé nta akụkọ na ọ chụpụrụ ha n'ụlọ ahụ, otu otu.
N'oge dị iche iche Sockwell bụ ónyé ọrịa na St. Elizabeths na ngalaba ndị isi mgbaka nke D.C. General Hospital. Ọ bụ nwoke na-edina nwoke ibe ya na ónyé Africa America. Ọ hapụghị akwụkwọ ozi igbu onwe ya ma gosipụta ónyé ọ bụla na ọ na-eche echiche igbu onwe ya.
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- "Negro Art Show". Crisis. 76 (3). New York: Crisis Publishing Company: 132. 1969. Retrieved 2019-04-14.
- "Artist's Black Painting Praised by D.C. Critic". Jet. 39 (23). Chicago: Johnson Publishing Company: 14. 1971-03-04. Retrieved 2019-04-14.
- John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art (1969). The Washington Painters: [Exhibition Catalog:] 17 Artists from the Capital Area. Scheb Printing Incorporated.
- Templeeti:Cite census
- "Founders of the Program". Art Therapy Program; The George Washington University. Archived from the original on 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2019-04-15.
{{cite cite web}}: More than one of|accessdate=and|access-date=specified (help) - "Social Security Death Index". Accessed through FamilySearch.com. U.S. Social Security Administration. Retrieved 2019-04-14.
- "Carroll Sockwell - Biography". rogallery.com. Retrieved 2019-04-15.
This information is from a 1992 essay on Carroll Sockwell by Donald Russell. It was published in a handout by the Washington Project for the Arts for Sockwell's last exhibition in 1992, just before his tragic death
- "Carroll Sockwell Biography". artnet. Retrieved 2019-04-16.
- "Lecture notes for a talk on Carroll Sockwell". Kevin MacDonald papers, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. 1999. Retrieved 2019-04-16.
- Molly Brown. "Elinor Ulman". Prezi. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
- "Washington Gallery of Modern Art records, 1961-1989". Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
- "Obituary: Harry Lunn". The Independent. 23 October 2011. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
- "Monthly Art Calendar". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. 1968-09-01. p. E7.
- Hilton Kramer (1969-01-25). "Art: Imposition of a Racial Category: '12 Afro-Americans' at the Corcoran". New York Times. New York, New York. p. 23.
- Paul Richard (1971-01-05). "Mirrors of Black Colors". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. B8.
- Paul Richard (1983-05-07). "Carroll Sockwell's Orderly Disorder". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. C3.
- Paul Richard (1978-03-25). "Classical Collages: The Allegiance Of Carroll Sockwell". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. B1.
- Judith Weinraub (1992-06-13). "The Artist Who Should Be Famous; Carroll Sockwell's Work Is Abstract But His Pain Is All Too Real". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. C1.
- Michael Welzenbach (1992-06-13). "At WPA, the Nuanced Craft of a Master". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. C1.
- Gene Weingarten (1992-09-27). "Fatal Abstraction; The Death and Life of Artist Carroll Sockwell: An Investigative Obituary". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. F01.
Sockwell was indeed gay, and he knew it from the time he was 10 years old. The notion of a boy being consigned by his own family to a mental institution because of his sexual orientation tore at the hearts of the people who cared about him.
- Michael O'Sullivan (2004-11-12). "Brilliance, On the Brink". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. WW34.
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