Gaa na ọdịnaya

Tera

Shí Wikipedia, njikotá édémédé nke onyobulạ

 

Tera
asụsụ, modern language
Obere ụdị nkeTeraic Dezie
Mba/obodoNaijiria Dezie
Ụmụ amaala kaȮra Borno, Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria), Ȯra Gombe Dezie
Ọkwa asụsụ Ethnologue6a Vigorous Dezie

Tera bụ ụyọkọ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa n'ebeebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa Anyanwụ Gombe Steeti na Borno Steeti. [1] (2006) kwenyere na Pidlimdi (Hinna) dialect bụ asụsụ dị iche.

Ụdị dị iche iche

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Blench depụtara ụdị asụsụ ndị a dị ka akụkụ nke ụyọkọ asụsụ Tera. [2]

  • Nyimatli
  • Pidlimdi
  • Bura Kokura

Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mkpụrụ okwu
Akpụkpọ ahụ Alveolar Mgbe e mesịrị.
/ObodoPalatal
Velar Mkpịsị aka
ala dị larịị ọnụ. etiti n'akụkụ ala dị larịị egbugbere ọnụ.
Ụgbọ imi m mʲ n ɲ ŋ
Kwụsị1 ala dị larịị p b t2 d2 tʃ2 dʒ2 k ɡọ kʷ ɡʷ
Nwanyị na-agba ọsọ. ᵐb ⁿd ᶮdʒ ᵑɡ ᵑɡʷ
implosive ɓ ɓʲ ka Ihe a na-akpọ China
Ihe na-esiri ike f v vʲ s z ɬ Ọdịdị ʃ ʒ x ɣ xʷ ɣʷ h3
Ihe atụ ala dị larịị l j w
Akpụkpọ ahụ. jˀ4
Ihe na-atọ ụtọ r
A na-eji obere ụdaolu eme ihe ma a naghị ewepụta ya tupu ụdaume ọzọ. 
[3]/dʒ/ /t/ na /d/ nwere /tʃ/ na / dʒ/ n'ụzọ ziri ezi dị ka allophones mana ụzọ abụọ ahụ kewara; Otú ọ dị, alveolar plosives anaghị ebute ụdaume ihu na post-veolar affricates anaghị ebute ihe ọ bụla ma e wezụga ụdaume ihu. 
/h/ bụ ụdaume ọhụrụ, na-apụta na okwu ndị a gbazitere site na Bekee Ndị Hausa. 
[3] /jī/ sitere na /ɗʲ/ nke na-enweghị njikọ alveolar ya mgbe ọ na-ejigide ọrụ palatal na glottal. 
Monophthongs nke Tera, site na Tench (2007:230)
Diphthongs nke Tera, site na Tench (2007:231)
Mkpụrụedemede
N'ihu Central Ịlaghachi azụ
N'akụkụ i iː Ọdịdị u uː
N'etiti na eː o oː
Emeghe a aː
  • Mkpụrụedemede etiti /e, eː, o, oː/ bụ eziokwu-etiti.
  • Mkpụrụedemede /a, aː/ bụ etiti [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink] . [4]

na-egbochi ọdịiche dị iche iche nke ụdaume na okwu monosyllabic na-enweghị ụdaume coda.

Mkpụrụedemede niile ma e wezụga /a/ na /aː/ na-emeghe na mkpụrụedemede mechiri emechi dịka na [[[ikpu') na [xʊ́r] ('ikpu ofe'). /a/ na /aː/ na-abụkarị n'ihu [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink] mgbe ha na-agbaso ụdaume palatalized.

Diphthongs, nke nwere otu ogologo dị ka ụdaume ogologo, nwere ụdaume na-abụghị elu na ụdaume dị elu:

Diphthong Ihe Nlereanya Orthography Nkọwa
/eu/ /ɓeu/ N'ihi na 'Ọ dị ilu'
/oi/ /woi/ Ọ bụ n'ihi ya 'nwa'
/ai/ /ɣài/ ghai 'obodo'
/au/ /ɮàu/ dlau 'na-arịa ọrịa'
  • 'ụzọ ụdaolu, okwu ndị a bụ [eɪ, oɪ, ɐɪ, ʊ] .

Tera bụ Asụsụ ụda olu, na-eme ka ụda dị elu, dị n'etiti na nke dị ala. naghị egosi ụda olu n'ụzọ orthographic ebe ọ bụ na ọ dịghị obere trios dị; enwere ike ịmata obere ụzọ abụọ site na ihe gbara ya gburugburu.

Orthography

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mbipụta mbụ na Tera bụ Labar Mbarkandu nu Yohanna Bula Ki, nsụgharị nke Oziọma Jọn, nke guzobere usoro orthographic. 'afọ 2004, e dezigharịrị usoro orthographic a.

Edensibia

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

ụyọkọ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa n'ebeebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa Anyanwụ Gombe Steeti na Borno Steeti. (2006) kwenyere na Pidlimdi (Hinna) dialect bụ asụsụ dị iche.

  1. ↑ Blench, 2006. The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List (ms)
  2. ↑ Blench, Roger (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages (4th ed.). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
  3. 1 2 Tench (2007:229)
  4. ↑ Tench (2007:230)

Akwụkwọ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

 

Templeeti:Biu–Mandara languages