Bell hooks

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Bell hooks
Mmádu
ụdịekerenwanyị Dezie
mba o sịNjikota Obodo Amerika Dezie
Aha ọmụmụGloria Jean Watkins Dezie
Aha enyereGloria, Jean Dezie
aha ezinụlọ yaWatkins Dezie
aha pseudonymbell hooks Dezie
Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya25 Septemba 1952 Dezie
Ebe ọmụmụHopkinsville Dezie
Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya15 Disemba 2021 Dezie
Ebe ọ nwụrụBerea Dezie
Ụdị ọnwụeke na-akpata Dezie
ihe kpatara ọnwụkidney failure Dezie
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye akaAmerican English, Bekee Dezie
Ọrụ ọ na-arụphilosopher, university teacher, Odee akwụkwọ Dezie
ebe agụmakwụkwọStanford University, Hopkinsville High School, University of California, Santa Cruz Dezie
agbụrụNdi Afrika nke Amerika Dezie
okpukpere chi/echiche ụwaBuddhism Dezie
Ọmụma Mmekọahụnon-heterosexuality Dezie
Ọrụ ama amaAin't I a Woman? (book), All About Love: New Visions, We Real Cool: Black Men and Masculinity, Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center, Bone Black: Memories of Girlhood Dezie
Ihe nriteAmerican Book Awards Dezie
stylized namebell hooks Dezie

Gloria Jean Watkins (Septemba 25, 1952 Disemba 15, 2021), nke a maara nke ọma site na aha edemede ya bụ bell hooks, bụ onye edemede America na onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya bụ Prọfesọ a ma ama na Berea College.[1] A maara ya nke ọma maka edemede ya banyere agbụrụ, feminism, na klas.[2][3] Ebumnuche nke edemede hooks bụ ịchọpụta njikọ nke agbụrụ, capitalism, nwoke na nwanyị, na ihe ọ kọwara dị ka ikike ha ịmepụta ma mee ka usoro mmegbu na ịchịisi klas dịgide. O bipụtara ihe dị ka akwụkwọ iri anọ, gụnyere ọrụ ndị sitere na edemede na uri na akwụkwọ ụmụaka. O bipụtara ọtụtụ isiokwu ndị ọkà mmụta, pụtara na ihe nkiri, ma sonye na nkuzi ihu ọha. Ọrụ ya metụtara ịhụnanya, agbụrụ, klas, okike, nka, akụkọ ihe mere eme, mmekọahụ, mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi, na feminism.

Ọ bụ onye agụmakwụkwọ a ma ama, Hooks malitere ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ ya n'afọ 1976 na-akụzi Bekee na ọmụmụ agbụrụ na Mahadum nke Southern California. O mechara kụzie na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ gụnyere Mahadum Stanford, Mahadum Yale, na The City College of New York, tupu ọ banye na Berea College na Berea, Kentucky, n'afọ 2004, ebe ọ tọrọ ntọala bell hooks Institute n'afọ 2014.[4] Aha edemede ya sitere n'aka nne nne nne ya, Bell Blair Hooks.[5]

Mmalite ndụ ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mụrụ Gloria Jean Watkins na Septemba 25, 1952, na Hopkinsville, obere obodo a na-ekewapụ iche na Kentucky, n'ezinụlọ ndị Africa na-American na-arụ ọrụ.[6][7] Watkins bụ otu n'ime ụmụ isii Rosa Bell Watkins (née Oldham) na Veodis Watkins mụrụ. Nna ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-elekọta ụlọ na nne ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eje ozi n'ụlọ ezinụlọ ndị ọcha. N'akwụkwọ ncheta ya Bone Black: Memories of Girlhood (1996), Watkins ga-ede banyere "ọgụ ya iji mepụta onwe ya na njirimara" mgbe ọ na-etolite na "ụwa anwansi bara ụba nke ọdịbendị ndịda ojii nke na-abụ mgbe ụfọdụ paradaịs na n'oge ndị ọzọ na-emenye ụjọ. "[8]

Onye na-agụ akwụkwọ nke ọma (ya na ndị na-ede abụ William Wordsworth, Langston Hughes, Elizabeth Barrett Browning na Gwendolyn Brooks n'etiti ndị ọkacha mmasị ya), Watkins gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze na-ekewa agbụrụ, mechara kwaga ụlọ akwụkwọ jikọtara ọnụ na ngwụsị afọ 1960.[9][10] Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Hopkinsville High School tupu ọ nweta BA na Bekee na Mahadum Stanford n'afọ 1973, na MA ya na Bekee na Mahadum Wisconsin-Madison n'afọ 1976.[11][12] N'oge a, Watkins na-ede akwụkwọ ya Ain't I a Woman: Black Women and Feminism, nke ọ malitere mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu (ca. 1971) wee bipụta ya n'afọ 1981.[13][14]

N'afọ 1983, mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke izi ihe na edemede gasịrị, ọ gụsịrị doctorate ya na Bekee na Mahadum California, Santa Cruz, na edemede banyere onye edemede Toni Morrison nke isiokwu ya bụ "Keeping a Hold on Life: Reading Toni Morrison's Fiction".[15]

Ịkụzi na ide ihe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọ malitere ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ ya n'afọ 1976 dị ka prọfesọ Bekee na nnukwu onye nkuzi na ọmụmụ agbụrụ na Mahadum nke Southern California .[16] N'ime afọ atọ ya n'ebe ahụ, Golemics, onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ na Los Angeles, wepụtara ọrụ mbụ ya bipụtara, akwụkwọ uri akpọrọ And There We Wept (1978), nke e dere n'okpuru aha "bell hooks".[17] Ọ nakweere aha nne nne nne ya dị ka aha edemede ya n'ihi na, dị ka o mechara kwuo ya, a maara nne nne ya "maka ire ya dị nro na obi ike, nke m nwere mmasị dị ukwuu," [nkọwa dị mkpa]. O kwukwara na o tinyere aha ahụ na mkpụrụedemede dị ala iji sọpụrụ nne nne ya ma gosipụta na ihe kachasị mkpa ilekwasị anya bụ ọrụ ya, ọ bụghị àgwà ya: "ihe nke akwụkwọ, ọ bụghị onye m bụ".[18][19] Banyere mbelata aha edemede ya na-enweghị atụ, hooks gbakwụnyere na, "Mgbe òtù ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ogo ya na ngwụsị oge afọ '60s na mmalite oge afọ '70s, enwere ọtụtụ ihe na-apụ n'echiche nke onye ahụ. Ọ bụ: Ka anyị kwuo banyere echiche ndị dị n'azụ ọrụ ahụ, ndị mmadụ adịchaghị mkpa... Ọ bụ ụdị ihe aghụghọ, mana ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ya. "[20]

Ná mmalite afọ 1980 n'afọ 1990, hooks kụziri na ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, gụnyere Mahadum California, Santa Cruz, Mahadum San Francisco State, Yale (1985 ruo afọ 1988, dị ka osote prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ Africa na Afro-American na Bekee), Oberlin College (1988 ruo afọ 1994, dị ka prọfesọ na-esote nke akwụkwọ America na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị), na, malite n'afọ 1994, dị ka prọfesọ a ma ama nke Bekee na City College of New York.[21][22][23]

South End Press bipụtara nnukwu ọrụ mbụ ya, Ain't I a Woman? Ụmụ nwanyị ojii na Feminism, n'afọ 1981, ọ bụ ezie na o dere ya ọtụtụ afọ tupu mgbe ọ ka na-agụ akwụkwọ.[10] N'ime ọtụtụ iri afọ kemgbe e bipụtara ya, Ain't I a Woman? ka a ghọtara maka onyinye ya na echiche ụmụ nwanyị, na Publishers Weekly n'afọ 1992 kpọrọ ya "Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị iri abụọ kachasị emetụta n'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga. "[24] Mgbe ọ na-ede na The New York Times n'afọ 2019, Min Jin Lee kwuru na Ain't I a Woman "na-anọgide na-abụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa nke dị mkpa nke echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. nko na-etinye ntọala nke echiche nwanyị ya site n'inye ihe akaebe akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmekọahụ kpọmkwem nke ụmụ nwanyị ojii na-agba ohu diri na otú ihe nketa ahụ si emetụta nwanyị ojii taa. "[21] Ain't I a Woman? na-enyocha isiokwu gụnyere mmetụta akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmekọahụ na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ụmụ nwanyị ojii, mbelata nke nwanyị ojii, ọrụ mgbasa ozi na ihe ngosi, usoro agụmakwụkwọ, echiche nke ndị ọcha-supremacist-capitalist-patriarchy na mmachi nke ụmụ nwanyị ojii.[25][26]

mgbịrịgba mgbịrịgba n'afọ 2009

N'otu oge ahụ, hooks ghọrọ ihe dị ịrịba ama dị ka onye aka ekpe na onye na-eche echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke oge a na onye nkatọ omenala.[27] O bipụtara ihe karịrị akwụkwọ iri atọ, nke sitere na isiokwu sitere na ụmụ nwoke ojii, patriarchy, na nwoke na enyemaka onwe onye; nkuzi na-etinye aka na ncheta onwe onye; na mmekọahụ (n'ihe gbasara feminism na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke aesthetics na omenala ọhụụ).[2] Reel to Real: agbụrụ, mmekọahụ, na klas na ihe nkiri ọnyọyọ (1996) na-anakọta edemede ihe nkiri, nyocha, na ajụjụ ọnụ na ndị nduzi ihe nkiri.[28] Na The New Yorker, Hua Hsu kwuru na ajụjụ ọnụ ndị a gosipụtara akụkụ nke ọrụ hooks nke "na-achọ ịmata ihe, na-enwe ọmịiko, na-achọ ndị enyi".

Na Feminist Theory: From si n'ókè rụọ etiti(1984), hooks na-emepe nkatọ nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ nke ụmụ nwanyị ọcha na nke abụọ, nke ọ rụrụ ụka na ọ na-emebi ohere nke ịdị n'otu ụmụ nwanyị n'ofe agbụrụ.[29]

Dị ka hooks na-arụ ụka, nkwurịta okwu na ịgụ akwụkwọ (ikike ịgụ, ide, na iche echiche nke ọma) dị mkpa maka mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị n'ihi na n'enweghị ha, ndị mmadụ nwere ike ọ gaghị etolite iji mata enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị na ọha mmadụ.[30]

N'afọ 2002, hooks kwuru okwu mmalite na Mahadum Southwestern. N'izere ụdị ekele nke okwu mmalite ọdịnala, o kwuru okwu megide ihe ọ hụrụ dị ka ime ihe ike na mmegbu nke gọọmentị kwadoro, ma dụọ ụmụ akwụkwọ ọdụ ndị o kwenyere na ha na-agbaso omume ndị dị otú ahụ.[31][32] The Austin Chronicle kọrọ na ọtụtụ ndị na-ege ntị na-ekwu okwu ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na "ọtụtụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ gafere provost iji maa ya aka ma ọ bụ makụọ ya aka. "[31]

N'afọ 2004, ọ sonyeere Berea College dị ka Prọfesọ a ma ama na ebe obibi.[33] Akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 2008, nke: ọdịbendị nke ebe, gụnyere ajụjụ ọnụ ya na onye edemede Wendell Berry yana mkparịta ụka banyere ịlaghachi Kentucky.[34] Ọ bụ onye ọkà mmụta bi na Ụlọ akwụkwọ Ọhụrụ ugboro atọ, nke ikpeazụ ya bụ n'afọ 2014.[35] Nakwa n'afọ 2014, e hiwere ụlọ ọrụ bell hooks Institute na kọleji Berea, ebe o nyere akwụkwọ ya n'afọ 2017.[36][37]

KYNdụ onwe onye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Banyere njirimara mmekọahụ ya, hooks kọwara onwe ya dị ka "queer-pas-gay".[38][39][40] Ọ na-eji okwu ahụ bụ "pas" site n'asụsụ French, na-asụgharị "ọ bụghị" n'asụsụ Bekee. hooks na-akọwa ịbụ onye na-abụghị nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị n'okwu nke ya dị ka "ọ bụghị onye gị na ya na-enwe mmekọahụ, kama ọ bụ banyere inwe esemokwu na ihe niile gbara ya gburugburu".[41]  Ọ na-ekwu, "Dị ka isi nke queer, echere m ọrụ Tim Dean na ịbụ queer na queer ọ bụghị dị ka ịbụ banyere onye gị na-enwe mmekọahụ - nke ahụ nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ nke ya - mana queer dị ka ịbụ banyere onwe onye na-emegiderịta onwe ya na ihe niile gbara ya gburugburu ma ọ ghaghị ịmepụta ma mepụta ma chọta ebe ikwu okwu na inwe ọganihu na ibi ndụ. "[42]

N'oge ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Abigail Bereola n'afọ 2017, hooks kpughere Bereola na ọ lụbeghị di mgbe ha na-atụle ndụ ịhụnanya ya. N'oge ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ, hooks gwara Bereola, "Enweghị m onye mmekọ. Anọ m na-alụbeghị di kemgbe afọ iri na asaa. Ọ ga-amasị m inwe onye ọlụlụ, mana echeghị m na ndụ m abaghị uru. "[43]

Ọnwụ ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Na Disemba 15, 2021, Hooks nwụrụ site na akụrụ n'ụlọ ya na Berea, Kentucky, dị afọ iri isii na itoolu[2][6]

Ọmụme Ihe nkiri[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Black Is... Black Ain't (1994)[44]
  • Give a Damn Again (1995)[49]
  • Nkatọ Ọdịbendị na Mgbanwe (1997)[11]
  • My Feminism (1997)[45]
  • Voices of Power (1999)[46]
  • BaadAsssss Cinema (2002)[52]
  • Abụ m nwoke: Nwoke ojii na America (2004)[53]
  • Obi ụtọ ịbụ Nappy na akụkọ ndị ọzọ banyere m (2004)[47]
  • Feminism Ọ Nwụrụ Anwụ? (2004)[48]
  • Fierce Light: When Spirit Meets Action (2008)[49]
  • Occupy Love (2012)[50]
  • Hillbilly (2018)[51]

Ihe nrite na nhọpụta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Ọchịchọ: agbụrụ, okike, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọdịbendị: The American Book Awards / Before Columbus Foundation Award (1991)[52]
  • mgbịrịgba mgbịrịgba: Onyinye Onye edemede site na Lila Wallace-Reader's Digest Fund (1994)[53]
  • Obi ụtọ ịbụ Nappy: NAACP Image Award nominee (2001)[54]
  • Homemade Love: The Bank Street College Children's Book of the Year (2002)[55]
  • Nzọpụta: Ndị ojii na Ịhụnanya: Hurston / Wright Legacy Award nominee (2002)[56]
  • mgbịrịgba mgbịrịgba: Utne Reader's "100 Visionaries Who Could Change Your Life"[57][58]
  • mgbịrịgba mgbịrịgba: The Atlantic Monthly's "Otu n'ime ndị isi ọgụgụ isi ọha na eze nke mba anyị"[57]
  • mgbịrịgba mgbịrịgba: TIME 100 Women of the Year, 2020[59]

Họrọ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

 

Akwụkwọ o dere[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

 

Akwụkwọ ụmụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Isiakwụkwọ akwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ihe ndepụta nkọwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

 

Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ihe ndị e hotara[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ Dinitia Smith. "Tough arbiter on the web has guidance for writers", The New York Times, September 28, 2006, p. E3. Retrieved on February 21, 2017. “But the Chicago Manual says it is not all right to capitalize the name of the writer bell hooks because she insists that it be lower case.”
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Knight. "bell hooks, author and activist, dies aged 69", The Guardian, December 15, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  3. ↑ The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. bell hooks | Biography, Books, & Facts | Britannica (en). www.britannica.com. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved on 31 March 2022.
  4. ↑ Get to Know bell hooks. The bell hooks center. Retrieved on December 17, 2021.
  5. ↑ hooks, bell, "Inspired Eccentricity: Sarah and Gus Oldham" in Sharon Sloan Fiffer and Steve Fiffer (eds), Family: American Writers Remember Their Own, New York: Vintage Books, 1996, p. 152.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Risen. "bell hooks, Pathbreaking Black Feminist, Dies at 69", The New York Times, December 15, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021. (in en-US)
  7. ↑ Medea (1997). "hooks, bell (1952–)", in Hine: Facts on File Encyclopedia of Black Women in America. New York: Facts on File, 100–101. ISBN 0-8160-3425-7. OCLC 35209436. 
  8. ↑ Bone Black. Kirkus Reviews (August 15, 1996). Retrieved on December 22, 2021.
  9. ↑ Busby. "bell hooks obituary | Trailblazing writer, activist and cultural theorist who made a pivotal contribution to Black feminist thought", The Guardian, December 17, 2021.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Le Blanc (1997). "bell hooks 1952–", in Bigelow: Contemporary Black Biography. Gale, 125–129. ISBN 978-1-4144-3543-5. OCLC 527366247. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 (2007) "hooks, bell 1952–", in Kumar: Something about the Author. Gale, 112–116. ISBN 978-1-4144-1071-5. OCLC 507358041. 
  12. ↑ Scanlon (1999). Significant Contemporary American Feminists: A Biographical Sourcebook. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 125–132. ISBN 978-0313301254. 
  13. ↑ Remembering bell hooks (1952-2021) (December 2021).
  14. ↑ bell hooks | Biography, Books, & Facts (en). Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on August 23, 2020. Retrieved on October 4, 2021.
  15. ↑ hooks (1983). Keeping a Hold on Life: Reading Toni Morrison's Fiction. University of California, Santa Cruz. 
  16. ↑ Hampton (2007). "hooks, bell (1952–)", in Anderson: Encyclopedia of Activism and Social Justice. SAGE Publishing, 704–706. DOI:10.4135/9781412956215.n418. ISBN 978-1-4129-1812-1. 
  17. ↑ Glikin (1989). Black American Women in Literature: A Bibliography, 1976 through 1987. McFarland & Company. ISBN 0-89950-372-1. OCLC 18986103. 
  18. ↑ McGrady. "Why bell hooks didn't capitalize her name", Washington Post, 2021-12-15. Retrieved on 2021-12-21. (in en-US) “Early on, hooks, born Gloria Jean Watkins, wanted a way to honor her maternal great-grandmother while detaching herself from her work. She wrote dozens of books using her great-grandmother's name but didn't capitalize it.”
  19. ↑ Error on call to template:cite web: Parameters archiveurl and archivedate must be both specified or both omittedWilliams (March 26, 2013). bell hooks Speaks Up. The Sandspur. Retrieved on November 10, 2019.
  20. ↑ Lowens (2018-02-14). How Do You Practice Intersectionalism? An Interview with bell hooks (en-US). Black Rose/Rosa Negra Anarchist Federation. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved on 2021-12-17.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Lee. "In Praise of bell hooks", The New York Times, February 28, 2019. Retrieved on December 15, 2021. (in en-US)
  22. ↑ Leatherman (May 19, 1995). The Real bell hooks. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved on December 16, 2021.
  23. ↑ "bell hooks."
  24. ↑ Smith (August 28, 2015). The Kentucky African American Encyclopedia (in en). University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-8131-6067-2. Retrieved on December 16, 2021. 
  25. ↑ Guy-Sheftall (1983). "Black Women and Feminism: Two Reviews". Phylon 44 (1): 84. DOI:10.2307/274371. 
  26. ↑ (June 19, 2013) in Wake: The Routledge Companion to Critical and Cultural Theory. Routledge, 241–242. DOI:10.4324/9780203520796. ISBN 978-1-134-12327-8. Retrieved on December 16, 2021. 
  27. ↑ bell hooks (en-US). Utne (January 1, 1995). Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved on December 16, 2021.
  28. ↑ Winchester (1999). "Reel to Real: Race, Sex, and Class at the Movies". The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 57 (3): 388. DOI:10.2307/432214. 
  29. ↑ Isoke (December 2019). "bell hooks: 35 Years from Margin to Center – Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center. By bell hooks. New York: Routledge, [1984 2015. 180 pp. 23.96 (paperback).]" (in en). Politics & Gender 15 (4). DOI:10.1017/S1743923X19000643. ISSN 1743-923X. Retrieved on December 15, 2021. 
  30. ↑ Olson (1994). "bell hooks and the Politics of Literacy: A Conversation". Journal of Advanced Composition 14 (1): 1–19. ISSN 0731-6755. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Apple (May 24, 2002). bell hooks Digs In. The Austin Chronicle. Archived from the original on December 22, 2013. Retrieved on December 11, 2013.
  32. ↑ Postmarks – Southwestern Graduation Debacle. The Austin Chronicle (May 24, 2002). Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved on December 11, 2013.
  33. ↑ Faculty and Staff. Berea College. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  34. ↑ hooks (January 1, 2009). Belonging: a culture of place (in en). ISBN 9780415968157. OCLC 228676700. 
  35. ↑ bell hooks returns for Third Residency at The New School. The New School (September 18, 2014). Archived from the original on November 7, 2016. Retrieved on December 16, 2021.
  36. ↑ The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica (December 15, 2021). bell hooks | American scholar. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved on December 18, 2021.
  37. ↑ Burke (December 15, 2021). Acclaimed author and activist bell hooks dies at 69. NBC News. Retrieved on December 25, 2021.
  38. ↑ Ring. "Queer Black Feminist Writer bell hooks Dies at 69", The Advocate, December 15, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  39. ↑ Goodman. "How bell hooks Paved the Way for Intersectional Feminism", them., 12 March 2019. Retrieved on 16 December 2021.
  40. ↑ Peake (December 16, 2021). 'Queer-pas-gay' identity meaning explored as bell hooks dies aged 69. The Focus. Archived from the original on December 29, 2021. Retrieved on December 29, 2021.
  41. ↑ bell hooks - Are You Still a Slave? Liberating the Black Female Body | Eugene Lang College. The New School. Retrieved on March 7, 2022.
  42. ↑ Peake. "'Queer-pas-gay' identity meaning explored as bell hooks dies aged 69", TheFocus, December 16, 2021. Retrieved on March 7, 2022.
  43. ↑ Bereola. "Tough Love With bell hooks", Shondaland, December 13, 2017. Retrieved on March 7, 2022.
  44. ↑ Guthmann, Edward. "Riggs' Eloquent Last Plea for Tolerance", SFGATE, Hearst, May 5, 1995. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  45. ↑ "FeMiNAtions: Despite the pleas and its promotional tone, My Feminism makes a valid point", The Globe and Mail, May 23, 1998, p. 18. Àtụ:ProQuest.
  46. ↑ Voices of Power: African-American Women. Series Title: I Am Woman. The Pennsylvania State University. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  47. ↑ Happy to Be Nappy and Other Stories of Me. Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  48. ↑ Is Feminism Dead?. Films Media Group. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  49. ↑ "Best Bets", The Daytona Beach News-Journal, December 3, 2010, p. E6. Àtụ:ProQuest.
  50. ↑ "Occupying your heart: Documentary looks at roots behind global activism movement", The Cairns Post, April 10, 2013, p. 31. Àtụ:ProQuest.
  51. ↑ Crust (October 3, 2018). Review: Documentary 'Hillbilly' takes on media stereotypes of Appalachia (en-US). Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  52. ↑ The American Book Awards / Before Columbus Foundation. American Booksellers Association (2013). Archived from the original on March 13, 2013. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  53. ↑ "10 Writers Win Grants", The New York Times, December 22, 1994. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  54. ↑ Happy to Be Nappy. Alkebu-Lan Image. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  55. ↑ bell hooks. The Carnegie Center for Literacy and Learning. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  56. ↑ "Footlights", The New York Times, August 21, 2002. Retrieved on December 15, 2021. (in en-US)
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 Rappaport, Scott (April 25, 2007). May 10 bell hooks event postponed. UC Santa Cruz, Regents of the University of California. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  58. ↑ Get to Know bell hooks (en-US). The bell hooks center. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved on December 15, 2021.
  59. ↑ hampton. "bell hooks: 100 Women of the Year", Time, March 5, 2020. Retrieved on December 16, 2021. (in en)
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