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Emeka Anyaoku

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Emeka Anyaoku
mmádu
ụdịekerenwoke Dezie
mba o sịNaijiria Dezie
aha enyereEmeka Dezie
ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya18 Jenụwarị 1933 Dezie
Ebe ọmụmụObosi Dezie
Asụsụ obodoAsụ̀sụ̀ Ìgbò Dezie
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye akaBekee, Asụ̀sụ̀ Ìgbò, pidgin Naịjirịa Dezie
ọrụ ọ na-arụdiplomat Dezie
Ọkwá o jiCommonwealth Secretary-General, Commonwealth Deputy Secretary-General, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Nigeria, Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations, ambassador Dezie
ebe agụmakwụkwọUniversity of London, University of Ibadan Dezie
agbụrụNdị Igbo Dezie
Onye òtù nkeClub of Rome Dezie
Ihe nriteKnight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, Livingstone Medal Dezie

Chief Emeka Anyaoku, GCVO, CFR, CON (a mụrụ na 18 Jenuwarị 1933) [1] bụ ode akwụkwọ Naijiria, onye Igbo . Ọ bụ ode akwụkwọ Commonwealth nke atọ. A mụrụ ya n'Obosi, Anyaoku gụrụ akwụkwọ na Merchants of Light School, Ọba, [1] wee gaa mahadum nke Ibadan, o mechaa gaa kọleji nke Mahadum London, ebe o nwetara nzere nrịbama na Classics dị ka Ọkammụta kọleji. [2] E wezụga ọrụ mba ụwa, Chief Anyaoku na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị n'ụlọ ọrụ ya dị ka Ichie Adazie Obosi, nke echichi ndị Ndiichie . [3]

Ntọala ezinaụlọ

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A mụrụ Eleazar Chukwuemeka "Emeka" Anyaoku na 18 Jenụwarị 1933 nye Emmanuel na Cecilia Anyaoku n'Obosi, nnukwu obodo oge ahụ na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ Nigeria. Emmanuel Chukwuemeka gụrụ akwụkwọ ruo n'ogo etiti akwụkwọ ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ praịmarị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ CMS dị n'Ọnịcha n'okpuru nlekọta Reverend William Blackett onye ozi ọma Kraịst. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na mbụ na okporo ụgbọ oloko ma mesịa rụọ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Kaduna na mpaghara ugwu Nigeria tupu ọ bụrụ onye nkụzi ụka. Mgbe o jere ozi ọtụtụ afọ, ọ laghachiri n’obodo ya ịrụ ọrụ ugbo. [4] Ọ ghọrọ Ononukpo (Isi) nke Okpuno Ire, otu mpaghara Ire, obodo kacha ibu n'Obosi.

Emmanuel lụrụ Cecilia, nwa Adiba Ogbogu di ka nwunye nke abụọ oge o si Kaduna lọta ka nwunye ya nke mbụ nwụchara. Cecilia si n'otu ezinaụlọ dị na mpaghara Ugamuma Obosi. O toro n'ụlọ Rev. Ekpunobi, onye nlekọta ya, onye bụ nwaafọ Obosi mbụ e chiri echichi dị ka ụkọchukwu ụka Siemesị. A hụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị kacha waa anya ma gụọ akwụkwọ n'obodo mgbe ahụ. Cecilia noro ezinaulo Ekpunobi dị ka onye ozi. Mkpu. Ụkọ Ekpunobi, mgbe ọ nụrụ maka ọnwụ nwunye Emmanuel, kpọrọ ya ka ọ bịa n’ụlọ ya ma mechaa nụgide Emmanuel na Adiba ka ha lụọ onwe ha. Nwa mbụ ha, bụ́ nwa nwaanyị, ọ nọghị. E mechaa mụọ Emeka ma o nwee umunne ise.

Agụmakwụkwọ

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Emeka Anyaoku mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa ka e zigara ya ka ya na naanị nwanne nna ya nwoke, Egwuenu Anyaoku biri n'Umuahia ịmalite agụmakwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ime obodo. Klas kacha elu mgbe ahụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ bụ standadị anọ. N'afọ iri, na 1943, e zigara Emeka ka ya nwa nwanne nna nna ya, Nathaniel Enwezor biri, onye bụ onyeisi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ CMS Central School dị n'Agbo, 75. km si Obosi.

Maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya, nwa okorobịa a bụ Anyaoku gara Merchants of Light School (MOLS) n'Ọba. Ọ bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi nke otu enyi nna ya, Dr. Enoch Oli, chọpụtara, onye Naịjiria bụ ọkaa na nkụzi a zụrụ na London na Oxford. Maazị Oli kụziiri Emeka na ụmụakwụkwọ ndị ọzọ mkpa ịrụsi ọrụ ike, ezi agwa na ezi mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya dị.

N'ime oge a n'afọ ntolite ya, Anyaoku amalitela ịkwụpụ dị ka nwa okorobịa dị nkọ, ma ihe. N’obodo Obosi n’oge ezumike, ọkachasị n’oge Ista na Ekeresimesi, mgbe ụmụakwụkwọ lọtara n’ụlọ, otu n’ime ndị ebiri ya, Chief Godfrey Eneli, chetara na ha na-enwebu arụmụka na ụdị mmemme ụmụakwụkwọ dị iche iche nke otu ụmụakwụkwọ ndị Obosi na-ahazi. Anyaoku, Eneli kwuru, gosipụtara njirimara onye ndu pụrụ iche. N'okwu ya, "Amaara na ọ ga-abụ onye ndu, nke o gosipụtara oge ọ bụla anyị niile na-aga ụlọ ezumike." Ọ gara n'ihu sị, "Anyị na-akpọ ya 'onye ọka iwu' n'ihi na ọ na-arụ ụka mgbe niile, na-enwekwa ezi nhazi echiche n'ihe ọ bụla o zutere. Ọgụgụ isi ya na arụmụka ya na ụzọ o si ele mkparịta ụka ọ bụla anyị nwere na-eme ka anyị kwenye.”

Onye ebiri ya ọzọ, S. I. Metu, nwa klaasị ya onye mechara bụrụ onye ọrụ ụlọ akụ n'ogo dị elu na onye ọrụ Oyibo, toro nkà mmekọrịta ya. O kwuru banyere Anyaoku, "Otu n'ime ihe ndị o ji ewu ewu bụ na ọ bụ ezigbo onye nsona, e nwere ike ịsị na o nweghị iro n'ihi etu o si eme enyi…. site n'ihe niile anyị maara ugbu a maka Maazị Anyaoku, o doro anya na ọ bụ akara aka ya ịbụ onye nnọchite anya, maka o nwezuru ihe mebere ya - ọgụgụ isi, ezi mmekọrịta, ike inweta ihe n'akpasughị onye ọ bụla iwe." Metu chetakwa Anyaoku dị ka nwa akwụkwọ na-agụsi akwụkwọ ike n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Merchants of Light. O kwuru, "Anyaoku enweghị ike ịwepụta oge ọ bụla maka egwuregwu - oge ọ bụla ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ ọzọ. Ma ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ, mgbe ike gwụrụ ya ọ chọọ izu ike, ọ na-ama ezigbo njakịrị ụfọdụ nke onye ọ bụla ga na-achị ọchị." Anyaoku bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwoke iri isii nke abụọ a nabatara. Mgbe ha lere ule asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ Cambridge, o lere ihe ọmụmụ iri wee nweta akara kachanụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, ọkwa kachasị elu.

Ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Anyaoku gara n'ihu ikụzi na Emmanuel College, n'Owerri na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ mgbe ahụ na 1952, ọ nọ ebe ahụ ruo etiti 1954 na-akụzi mgbakọ na mwepụ, Latịn na Bekee. Ọ bụ onye nkụzi dị ka onye na-arụsi ọrụ, na-akpachapụ anya n'ịkwado ihe nkuzi ya. O nyeghachiri ụmụakwụkwọ ya ọkacha mma n'ihe ndị ọ mụtara na MOLS dị ka ọ na-etinye ihe ọchị na nkụzi ya.

Otu n'ime ndị nkuzi ya na MOLS kpalitere mmasị Classics n'ime ya. Onye nkuzi Latin ya tinyere n'ime ya ịhụnanya maka asụsụ, iwu na omenala ndị Gris oge ochie na ndị Rom, na ntọala oge ochie nke asụsụ Bekee. Anyaoku wee kpebie ịga mụọ Classics na mahadum ọhụrụ nke Ibadan, ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu nke mbụ n'obodo anyị, nke e hiwere na 1948 dị ka kọleji mba ofesi nke Mahadum London.

N'ime etiti 1950 mgbe Anyaoku bụ nwata akwụkwọ na mahadum Ibadan, mba Nigeria na-eme arụmụka, mkparịta ụka na ngosi maka ọdịnihu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke obodo ahụ. E nwere esemokwu banyere mgbe Naijiria kwesịrị inwere onwe ha site n'aka Britain na ụdị usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọ ga-achọ nnwere onwe ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ obodo nkịtị ma ọ bụ gọọmenti etiti. Obodo Ibadan bụ otu n'ime ebe arụmụka ndị a bidoro. Na kọleeji mahadum, nke kpokọtara ndị maa akwụkwọ, ndị nkuzi na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị sitere n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke mba ahụ, ghọrọ ebe etiti ihe a kọwara n'oge ahụ dị ka mgbagha mba.

Anyaoku nọ na nke a dịka onye ndu otu ụmụ akwụkwọ. Ya na ndị otu uche na ndị isi otu na-akwado nkwado nke unitary state, megide ọchịchị etiti. [5] Ha zigara akwụkwọ mkpesa na ndị nnọchi anya ndị ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị atọ bụ isi na mba ahụ mgbe ahụ, Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba ahụ, Chief Obafemi Awolowo na Western, na Sardauna nke Sokoto, Sir Ahmadu Bello na mpaghara ugwu.

Anyaoku na 1959 nwetara nzere nwanye ugwu mahadum London na classics dị ka ọkammụta kọleji wee banye na Commonwealth Development Corporation (CDC) na Lagos. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ zipụrụ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye na-azụ ọzụzụ n'isi ụlọ ọrụ CDC dị na London ebe ọ gara nkuzi na Royal Institute for Public Administration na London. Na 1 October 1960, Britain nyere Naijiria nnwere onwe. E zigakwara Anyaoku n'ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara CDC West Africa dị na Lagos na njedebe Disemba 1960.

Alụmalụ

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Na Disemba 1961, Anyaoku mgbe ahụ bụ onye ọrụ ezege CDC zutere nwaada Yoruba dị afọ iri abụọ, Princess Ebunola Olubunmi Solanke, na mmemme oriri na ọnụnụ nke ya na onye ya na ya bi n'otu ụlọ kwadooro enyi ha na Legọs.Ada eze a, nke e ji "Bunmi" maara, gụrụ akwụkwọ na England n'ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi ụmụ agbọghọ ndị Kraịst, St. Mary's School na Hastings. O mechara gaa Kọleeji Pitman, London. Emeka na Bunmi lụrụ n'ụlọ ụka Anglican Cathedral dị na Lagos na 10 Nọvemba 1962.

Ọrụ

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N'afọ 1959, Emeka Anyaoku sonyeere Commonwealth Development Corporation . Na mbido 1962, Anyaoku zutere Prime Minister nke Naijiria mgbe ahụ, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Belewa . O sonyela onye isi ya ọbịa, Lord Howick, onye isi oche nke Commonwealth Development Corporation, na nzụkọ ya na Prime Minister maka ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na Nigeria na mpaghara West Africa. Onye isi ala, nke masịrị ya azịza Anyaoku nye ụfọdụ ajụjụ ya gbasara ọrụ CDC kwadoro na West Africa, nwere mmasị na ọdịnihu Anyaoku ma mee ka ọ chee echiche ịbanye na ndị ọrụ mba ofesi nke Nigeria. [5] Mgbe a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na-agbawa obi nke Federal Civil Service Commission, e nyere ya ohere oge na Ọrụ Mba Ọzọ n'April 1962. [6] N’ime otu ọnwa ọ banyere, a họpụtara ya onye inyeaka nkeonwe nke odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide nke Ministry for External Affairs. N'ebe ahụ, o tinyere aka na usoro nke butere nguzobe Òtù Na-ahụ Maka ịdị n'otu Africa (OAU) na Mee 1963. Mgbe Naijiria nwechara nnwere onwe, o sonye na ọrụ diplomatic Nigeria, na 1963 e zigara ya na Permanent Mission na United Nations na New York .

Na 1966, ọ sonyeere ndị ode akwụkwọ mba ụwa dị ka onye enyemaka onye isi ihe gbasara mba ụwa. Na 1968 ruo 1969, gọọmentị ndị agha Naịjirịa mere mkpọsa maka ịkpọghachi Anyaoku; nke kwuru na ọ bụghị onye Naijiria kwesịrị ekwesị nhọpụta, na ha na-echegbu onwe ha maka "iguzosi ike ya n'ebe obodo a mụrụ ya dị". Mana "Emeka edeela akwụkwọ arụkwaghị m n'ọrụ na-ahụ maka ndị ọrụ mba ofesi Naijiria ma Arnold enweghị nhịamahụ iweụga arịrịọ ahụ".

Na 1977, ndị isi gọọmentị Commonwealth họpụtara ya dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu . N'afọ 1983, ọchịchị ndị nkịtị Naịjirịa họpụtara Anyaoku ka ọ bụrụ onye minista mba ofesi Naijiria . Mgbe ndị agha kwaturu ọchịchị n'afọ ahụ, ọ laghachiri n'ọkwa ya dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu site na nkwado nke gọọmentị ọhụrụ na Nigeria na nkwado nke ọchịchị Commonwealth niile.

Na Nzukọ Ndị isi Ọchịchị Commonwealth na Kuala Lumpur na 24 October 1989, Anyaoku ka a họpụtara ịbụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Commonwealth nke atọ. A họpụtara ya ọzọ na 1993 CHOGM na Limassol maka oge nke abụọ nke afọ ise, malite na 1 Eprel 1995.

United Nations

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Na July 1963, mgbe ọ dị afọ 30, e zigara ya na Nigeria Permanent Mission na United Nations na New York. A mụrụ nwa mbụ ya, Adiba na New York Lying-In Hospital na 20 November 1963, ụbọchị abụọ tupu e gbuo President John F. Kennedy nke United States. N'izu ole na ole gara aga, Nigeria abụrụla Republic, yana Nnamdi Azikiwe dịka onye isi ala mbụ. N'ọkwa ọrụ ya na United Nations, Anyaoku dị ka onye nnọchiteanya ọzọ nke Nigeria na kọmitii pụrụ iche nke United Nations na Apartheid depụtara mkpebi a - nke Nigeria wetara n'ihu Mgbakọ General na 1965 - nke guzobere ego ntụkwasị obi iji mee ka gọọmentị nwee ike itinye aka na nchekwa nke mba. ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na South Africa.

Ọ banyere n'ọgba aghara nke ọchịchị Ian Smith kpalitere na Southern Rhodesia dị na ndịda Africa, onye kwuputara nkwupụta nnwere onwe nke Rhodesia (UDI) sitere na Britain. [5] Anyaoku kwuru okwu na ọgbakọ dị iche iche iji katọọ mmepe a. Ọ bụ n'otu oge n'ime oge ndị a ka ozi gbasara ọchịchị ndị agha Naịjirịa mere n'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Jenụwarị 1966 ruru ya. Onye isi ala, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, onye isi ọchịchị dị ike nke Northern Region, Sir Ahmadu Bello, na ọtụtụ ndị isi ndị ọzọ nke steeti mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị ka egburu n'oge ọchịchị ahụ. [7] Mkpebi a mere otu ụbọchị ka Prime Minister nabatara ndị isi mba Commonwealth ndị ọzọ gụnyere onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu ọhụrụ, Arnold Smith, na nzukọ na Legọs ebe ha kwurịtara okwu gbasara Rhodesia .

Afọ Commonwealth

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Na Julaị 1965 mkpebi nke ndị isi gọọmentị Commonwealth guzobe Secretary Secretary na nhọpụta nke onye nnọchi anya Canada ama ama, Arnold Smith dị ka odeakwụkwọ ukwu Commonwealth mbụ. [8] Onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nọ n'usoro ikpokọta otu mba dị iche iche, otu omenala dị iche iche na isi nke Secretariat ọhụrụ.

Na nleta ya na Naijiria na Nọvemba 1965, Smith zutere ma gwa Prime Minister, Sir Tafawa Balewa n'ihu onye Minista mba ofesi nke Naijiria na onye odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide, na ọ na-achọ onye ọrụ Naijiria na-eto eto nke ga-enyere aka " ya megharịa akụkọ ifo nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ." [5] Mgbe Smith gachara, Prime Minister gwara ndị ọrụ mba ofesi ka ha nye ya aha atọ ga-egbo arịrịọ odeakwụkwọ ukwu. Anyaoku so na aha atọ a tụrụ aro ma onye isi ala họpụtara ka ọ bụrụ nke abụọ n'ọkwa nke Commonwealth ọhụrụ. Mgbe ọ bịarutere na Secretariat dị na London n'April 1966, Anyaoku nwere mmasị karịsịa n'otú onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu, Arnold Smith si edozi okwu Rhodesia UDI. E mere ya onye enyemaka onye isi ihe gbasara mba ụwa nke mechara bụrụ ngalaba ihe gbasara ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọrụ izizi ya bụ ịrụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke kọmitii nyocha nke onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu hiwere site na nkwado nke ndị isi gọọmentị iji nyochaa ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị etiti niile dị na Commonwealth iji chọpụta nke kwesịrị itinye n'ime Commonwealth e hiwere ọhụrụ. Ụlọ ọrụ odeakwụkwọ. [5]

Na Julaị afọ 1967, agha obodo Naijiria dara. N'ime oge ahụ, ya na nwunye ya nabatara ọtụtụ nri ehihie na nri abalị dị iche iche n'ụlọ ha dị na London maka ndị nnọchiteanya Naijiria na ndị Biafra na mkparịta ụka udo nke onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu, Arnold Smith kwadoro. N'etiti mkparịta ụka ahụ, ọ gwara onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu na ya dị njikere ịla n'ụlọ ka ya na onye ndu Biafra, Emeka Ojukwu kwuo maka udo nke odeakwụkwọ ukwu nyere ndị agha abụọ ahụ na-alụ ọgụ. Ya na Ojukwu bụ enyi kemgbe ha bụ nwata. Smith lere ya anya dị ka ihe dị ize ndụ mana agbanyeghị, kwere Anyaoku ịga. Mgbe ọ na-amalite njem ahụ, nwa ya nke atọ, Obi, bụ́ onye dị ihe dị ka ọnwa atọ, dara ezigbo ọrịa n’ụlọ ọgwụ. Ndị dọkịta nọ na-echegbu onwe ya na o nwere ike ọ gaghị adị ndụ n'ọrịa ahụ. Mgbe ọ gwara nwunye ya Bunmi na ọ ga-eme njem, ọ wụrụ ya akpata oyi n'ihi na ọ naghị eche banyere ọnọdụ nwa ha nwoke. Anyaoku gwara ya, "enwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ nọ n'ọnọdụ ka njọ, na-anwụ kwa ụbọchị, na Biafra." Ọ pụghị ikwu okwu.

Anyaoku hapụrụ ụgbọ elu Red Cross gaa Nigeria site na Amsterdam na Sao Tome . N'echi ya ka ọ bịarutere na mpaghara Biafra, ọ nwere ahụmahụ na-atụ egwu maka mwakpo bọmbụ mgbe ya na ndị mmadụ abụọ na-emekọrịta ihe na Ministrị Ofesi Biafra n'okpuru tebụl. O mechara nwee nhụta dị egwu na Ojukwu na boker ya n'isi ụlọ ọrụ ya. Mgbe ọ hapụrụ Biafra, ka ọ hụkwara ọtụtụ ndị enyi ya, o nwere ụzọ ọpụpụ ntutu isi na ụgbọ elu na-ebupụ ụmụaka. Ọ bụ ụgbọ elu na-enweghị oche, nke si Uli gawa Gabon .

Anyaoku gara n'ihu na-etinye aka na atụmatụ na mkparịta ụka Commonwealth dị iche iche, dị ka referendum Gibraltar nke 1967, St Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla constitutional ọgba aghara nke 1969 ruo 1970, nsogbu ndị na-esochi mwepu egwuregwu Commonwealth n'oge 1980s. na usoro na-eduga udo na ochichi onye kwuo uche na Zimbabwe, Namibia na karịsịa, South Africa. [1]

Ọ gbagoro n'ọkwa n'ime ụlọ ọrụ Commonwealth. Ọ ghọrọ onye isi ngalaba nke International Affairs Division na 1971 na na 1975 wee ruo n'ọkwa onye enyemaka odeakwụkwọ ukwu. N'afọ 1977, Gọọmenti Commonwealth họpụtara ya osote onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke nwere ọrụ maka ihe gbasara mba ụwa na nchịkwa ndị odeakwụkwọ.

N'October, 1983, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya wee laghachi Nigeria site n'ịkpọ oku nke onye isi ala Shehu Shagari ka ọ bụrụ onye minista na-ahụ maka mba ofesi nke mba ahụ. [5] Na kwatuo gọọmentị site n'aka ndị agha na 31 Disemba 1983, ọ laghachiri na nkwado otu gọọmentị Commonwealth gaa n'ọkwa mbụ ya dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu. N'afọ 1989 na nzukọ ha na Kuala-lumpur, ndị isi gọọmentị Commonwealth họpụtara ya onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu Commonwealth nke atọ. A họpụtara ya ọzọ na 1993 Limassol Commonwealth ndị isi ọgbakọ maka oge nke abụọ nke afọ ise. [9]

E wezụga ịgbalịsi ike ime ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti obodo na ịkwalite ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ezigbo ọchịchị, otu n'ime nnukwu ọrụ ọ rụrụ n'oge ọchịchị ya bụ nguzobe ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na South Africa. Ọ na-agbasi mbọ ike ma kwuo okwu kwadoro mgba a na-agba iji kpochapụ Apartheid South Africa. Na 1990, na ntọhapụ nke onye isi ala mbụ Nelson Mandela na ụlọ mkpọrọ Pollsmoor, Anyaoku kwadoro Madiba na nri abalị mbụ ya dị ka odeakwụkwọ ukwu Commonwealth na London. N'agbata 1 Nọvemba 1991 na 17 Nọvemba 1993, ọ gara South Africa ugboro iri na otu, na-eji nkà diplomatic ya nyere aka n'ịkwụsị ihe mgbochi na usoro mkparita uka nke wetara njedebe nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa.

Na 1998, n'ịkwanyere aka Chief Emeka Anyaoku na mgbanwe mgbanwe na South Africa, na otu o siri gbasie mbọ ike na-eme njem na-aga n'ihu na South Africa, Onye isi ala South Africa nyere ya nsọpụrụ dị ụkọ nke ikwu okwu nnọkọ nnọkọ. nke ụlọ omeiwu South Africa. Onye isi ala Nelson Mandela dere okwu mmalite nke akụkọ ndụ Chief Emeka Anyaoku, Anya ọkụ nke Phyllis Johnson dere nakwa n'akwụkwọ ncheta Chief Emeka Anyaoku, The Inside Story of the Modern Commonwealth.

Anyaoku tinyere aka n'ọtụtụ ntinye aka iji mee ka udo dị n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị isi Commonwealth na ndị otu mmegide na mba ha. Ọ malitekwara iji otu ndị na-ekiri Commonwealth na-enyere aka na ntuli aka na mba dị iche iche. Ewezuga inwe mmetụta bara uru na usoro nhoputa ndi ochichi, ọnụnọ nke ndị na-ahụ maka Commonwealth mere ka ọ dịrị ndị otu ndị furu efu mfe ịnakwere nsonaazụ ahụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ndị na-ahụ maka Commonwealth kpebiri na ntuli aka ahụ ga-enwere onwe ya. N'ime afọ iri ya dị ka odeakwụkwọ ukwu, o zigara otu ndị na-eleba anya nhoputa ntuli aka iri ise na otu na mba Commonwealth dị iche iche.

Malite na President Kaunda na 1991, o tinyere aka n'inyere Zambia na ọtụtụ mba Commonwealth ndị ọzọ isi na otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ma ọ bụ ọchịchị agha gaa na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ọtụtụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ n'ime otu afọ ahụ, mere ka Onye isi ala Arap Moi nke Kenya kwenye ka ọ bụrụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara usoro iwu na-abịa nyere obodo ahụ aka imeghari iwu ya iji mee ka ọ kwekọọ n'ihe achọrọ maka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ọtụtụ ndị na mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị na mmalite 1992, mere ka ndị mmegide atọ ahụ kwenye. Ndị isi otu pati jụrụ nsonaazụ ntuli aka onye isi ala ịnakwere ya wee zọpụta obodo ahụ n'ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike.

Ntinye aka ndị a ejedebeghị na Africa. Ntinye aka ya na Bangladesh bụ ihe atụ ọzọ nke chọrọ ogologo oge na ndidi. Ndị isi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị abụọ nke mba ahụ bụ Begum Zia na Sheikh Hasina . Begum Zia abụrụla praịm minista ka e gbuchara di ya bụ Prime Minister. Onye ndu otu mmegide ahụ, Sheikh Hasina, bụ ada Sheik Abdul Rahman, onye isi ala mbụ nke Bangladesh nwere onwe ya onye e gburu ya na ezinụlọ ya niile ma e wezụga nwa nwanyị Hasina n'ime ọchịchị ndị agha. Hasina nwere ihu ọma ịpụ na obodo ahụ n'abalị ahụ. Anyaoku mere ka ndị isi abụọ ahụ kwenye n'atụmatụ ya iziga onye nnọchiteanya nwere ahụmahụ ka ọ bịa Bangladesh ka ya na Prime Minister, Begum Zia nwee mkparịta ụka na onye ndu nke ndị mmegide Sheik Hasina n'uche ịchọta usoro maka ebe obibi n'etiti ha abụọ. oriri. N'ihi ya, Anyaoku zigara dịka onye nnọchi anya ya pụrụ iche, Sir Ninian Steven, onye bụbu Gọvanọ Ọchịchị Australia, onye nọrọ izu ole na ole na Dhaka na-eme ka udo dị n'etiti gọọmentị na ndị otu mmegide.

O tinyekwara aka na Pakistan n'oge esemokwu nwere ike imebi n'etiti onye isi ala mgbe ahụ, Maazị Farooq Leghari na onye isi ala, Nawaz Sharif .

Ihe kacha sie ike na ntinye aka ya bụ nsogbu dị n'ala ya Nigeria nke kagburu nhọpụta onyeisiala na June 12, 1993 site n'aka ndị agha mgbe ahụ bụ General Ibrahim Babangida . O doro anya na ọ bụ Chief Moshood Abiola meriri ntuliaka ahụ. [10] N'ụbochị ka a kagbuchara ya, Chief Anyaoku wepụtara nkwupụta siri ike, na-ekwu na nbibi a bụ "oke ndọghachi azụ n'ihe gbasara ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ọkachasị n'oge ọchịchị Commonwealth niile kwere onwe ha ịkwalite ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na obodo ha"; ọ kpọrọ ya "ihe mgbakasị obi" nye ndị niile nọ na-atụ anya n'ọkwa ọchịchị nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Naijiria.

Anyaoku nwere okwu siri ike karịa mgbe Babangida 'pụrụ n'akụkụ' na General Sani Abacha ka ọnwa ole na ole nke nkwekọrịta a na-akpọ Gọọmenti Nnọchiteanya weghaara ọchịchị obodo ahụ na ọchịchị ndị agha mere na 17 November 1993. Abacha hibere usoro ndị ọzọ siri ike. Ọ nwụchiri ma tụọ onye e chere na ọ meriri na ntuliaka 12 June 1993 bụ Abiola. Na mba ahụ tụbara n'ọgba aghara dị ukwuu site n'ịkwụ ụgwọ ọrụ na ihe ngosi ọha na eze na-adaba ebe niile.

Abacha mere ka nsogbu ahụ ka njọ site n'ịnwụde, nwude na ikpe ikpe Ken Saro-Wiwa na ndị na-akwado Ogoni ndị ọzọ maka ebubo na ha jikọrọ aka na ogbugbu e gburu ndị isi Ogoni anọ bụ ndị megidere usoro mgbasa ozi ha. [11] Ka e mesịrị na March 1995, ọchịchị Abacha boro ebubo na e kpara mkpamkpa ịchị ọchịchị megide ya. Ọtụtụ ndị na-ekiri ya leghaara nke a anya dị ka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'ike. Otú ọ dị, ọchịchị ahụ malitere njide na njide nke ọtụtụ ndị na-eje ozi na ndị bụbu ndị ọrụ, gụnyere onye isi agha oge ochie, General Olusegun Obasanjo, na osote ya n'oge gara aga, General Shehu Musa Yar'Adua . [12]

Ndị ụlọ ikpe ndị agha gbara ndị a na-ebo ebubo na ha kpara nkata ọchịchị ikpe ma kpee ha ikpe dị iche iche, ebe a tụrụ Obasanjo mkpọrọ ndụ, ebe a mara Yar'Adua ikpe ọnwụ. Anyaoku gara n'ihu na-agba mbọ ka e dozie nsogbu ahụ n'udo site n'izigara Abacha ozi na nkwupụta ọha, enweghị isi. Okwu ahụ ruru n’isi mgbe a mara Ken Saro-Wiwa na mmadụ asatọ n’ime ndị eboro ya ikpe ọnwụ. [13] Anyaoku rịọrọ Abacha arịrịọ nke ukwuu ka ọ rịọ maka ebere maka ndị na-akwado ndị a katọrọ. Mkpesa a dabara na nti chiri Abacha ma mesịa mee ka e gbuo Ken Saro-Wiwa na ndị ọrụ ibe ya n'abalị nke ọgbakọ ndị isi gọọmentị Commonwealth na Auckland, New Zealand na Nọvemba 1995. . Na nzaghachi, ndị isi Commonwealth kpebiri ịkwụsị Naijiria na otu ya.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Anyaoku chọburu itinye aka na Abacha na mkparita ụka iji dozie nsogbu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Naijiria. Anyaoku nwere na nkwekọrịta Abacha zutere n'ọnwa Julaị 1995 ya na Abiola nọ n'ụlọnga iji kparịta atụmatụ ya maka mkparịta ụka n'etiti pati abụọ ahụ na ebumnobi ikwenye nhazi maka ịnakwere ihe si na ntụliaka onyeisiala kagburu. Ka Abiola n'akụkụ nke ya nakweere atụmatụ a, Abacha jụrụ ịgwa Anyaoku na ọ ga-amasị ya ka ọ chọọ idozi nsogbu ahụ site na ọgbakọ iwu nke ọ ga-akpọkọta.

Ka Abacha nwụsịrị na mberede na 8 June 1998, ọchịchị ndị agha ọhụrụ n'okpuru General Abdulsalami Abubakar batara iji kwado ngwa ngwa ịlaghachi obodo n'ọgbọ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. Anyaoku na ndị otu Commonwealth ya nyere nkwado zuru oke na usoro a, gụnyere karịsịa ntuli aka mba nke mebere ọchịchị ndị nkịtị nke President Olusegun Obasanjo.

N'ịgbaso mkpa ya site na mmalite nke ọchịchị ya iji mee ka Commonwealth bụrụ ike dị ike maka ịkwalite ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ezigbo ọchịchị, Anyaoku na mmalite 1997, haziri ndị isi ọchịchị Commonwealth mbụ nke Africa iji kparịta ọchịchị onye kwuo uche na ezi ọchịchị na nhazi nke ọchịchị. kọntinent. [14] Ọ lara ezumike nká n'ọkwa ya dị ka odeakwụkwọ ukwu Commonwealth na 31 Maachị 2000.

Na ezumike nka ya, mahadum London hiwere onye isi oche ọkachamara na Institute of Commonwealth Studies nke aha ya bu Emeka Anyaoku Professor of Commonwealth Studies. A kpọkwara ya òkù ka ọ bụrụ onye ọbịa pụrụ iche na Center for Study of Global Governance, London School of Economics (2000-2002). Enyere ya nnwere onwe nke Obodo London na 1998 wee nweta ihe ịchọ mma n'aka Nigeria CFR na CON, na nkwanye ùgwù mba kachasị elu nke Cameroon, Lesotho, Madagascar, Namibia na Trinidad & Tobago's Trinity Cross (TC) yana Honorary Knight. Grand Cross nke Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) sitere n'aka Nna-ukwu ya, Queen na 2000. [15] Ọ bụ otu n'ime mmadụ iri ise ahụ, ma bụrụkwa otu n'ime narị mmadụ ndị e nyere ihe nrite ọla edo pụrụ iche maka ntinye pụtara ìhè na mmepe obodo site n'aka gọọmentị etiti na mmemme nke nnwere onwe nke Naijiria Golden Jubilee na 2010 na Centenary na 2014. [16] [17]

Emeka Anyaoku bụ onye odee biputere ma nwekwaa nzere doctorate 33 site na mahadum kacha elu na Britain, Canada, Ghana, Republic of Ireland, Nigeria, South Africa, Switzerland na Zimbabwe. [16]

Chiifu Emeka Anyaoku jere ozi n'okpuru ndị isi atọ a họpụtara n'ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Naijiria dịka onyeisi oche nke Presidential Advisory Council on International Relations site na 2000 ruo 2015. Ya na Kofi Annan rụrụ ọrụ seminal n'ime ka ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị niile na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ha tinye onwe ha na usoro ntuli aka na-adịghị eme ihe ike site na ịbịanye aka na January Accord Abuja nke mere ka e nwee ntuli aka dị jụụ na mgbanwe n'oge ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ọhụrụ. Naijiria nke President Muhammadu Buhari na May 2015. [18]

Ọkwa ndị Chief Emeka Anyaoku jere ozi/ka na-eje ozi gụnyere ihe ndị a:

1. 1975 Onye ndu, Commonwealth Mission na Mozambique 2. 1979-90 Onye otu Council of Overseas Development Institute na London. [19] 3. 1984-90 Onye otu kansụl na-achị isi nke Save the Children Fund [20] 4. 1992- Hon. Onye otu Club nke Rome 5. 1994-96 Onye otu, World Commission on Forests 6. 2000-06 President, Royal Commonwealth Society [21] 7. 2000- ụbọchị President, Royal African Society 8. 2001- date Member, United Nations Eminent Persons Group iji nyere aka kwalite ebumnuche nke World Conference Against Racism [22] 9. 2002-09 President, World Wide Fund for Nature, WWF [23] [24] 10. 2004-05 onyeisi oche, United Otu onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke mba dị iche iche na nkwado mba ụwa maka mmepe Afrịka (NEPAD) 11. 2002-10 Onye otu Board na-achị isi nke South Center na Geneva [25] 12. 2005-13 Onye nlekọta nke British Museum [16] [26] 13 2000-15 Onye isi oche, Onye isi ala ndụmọdụ gbasara mmekọrịta mba ụwa na Nigeria. [16] 14. 2013- ụbọchị President, Metropolitan Club, Lagos. [27]

Ndụ onwe

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Chiifu Anyaoku etinyere ya n'afọ 1980 dị ka Ichie Adazie nke Obosi, ka na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ eze ọdịnala Ndichie n'Obosi. Ichie Anyaoku lụrụ adaeze Bunmi Anyaoku kemgbe 1962. Princess Anyaoku bụ onye Omoba nke Abeokuta, Nigeria. [28] N'ime alụmdi na nwunye ha, e dere ya na Nigerian Sunday Times, bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na-ekesa n'oge ahụ na mba ahụ, na

Ha nwere ụmụ anọ, Adiba; nwa ha nwanyị - onye ọka iwu na-eje ozi na bọọdụ Old Mutual plc - na ụmụ nwoke atọ; Oluyemisi, Obiechina, and Emenike. Emeka nwere ụmụ ụmụ abụọ, ndị Adiba na di ya mụrụ; Irenne Ighodaro na Osita Ighodaro. N'afọ 1990, ndị isi obodo iri na itoolu niile nke Idemili na steeti Anambra nyere Anyaoku nsọpụrụ pụrụiche site n'itinye ya aha Ugwumba Idemili . Nwunye ya, Bunmi, bụkwa onye isi - Ugoma Obosi na Idemili - n'aka nke ya, na-etinye aka na ogologo oge na ọrụ ọdịmma na Nigeria na Commonwealth.

Emeka Anyaoku is an Anglican, his father having converted to that faith. He writes that he is

“ very comfortable being an Anglican, comfortable with the beliefs that Anglicanism represents.[29] ”

Edensibịa

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Anyaoku, Eleazar Chukwuemeka", in Africa Who's Who, London: Africa Journal for Africa Books Ltd, 1981, p. 137.
  2. ↑ Anyaoku: The Diplomats’ Diplomat (en-US). Vanguard News (2017-03-11). Retrieved on 2021-06-04.
  3. ↑ Obasanjo Visits Emeka Anyaoku At His Residence In Anambra (Photos) - Opera News. ng.opera.news. Archived from the original on 2021-06-04. Retrieved on 2021-06-04.
  4. ↑ "The Inside Story Of The Modern Commonwealth" Evans Brothers Limited, 2004, p.2
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Emeka Anyaoku - InfoHub. infohub.xyz.ng. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  6. ↑ rcraggs (2013-09-27). Interview with Chief Emeka Anyaoku (en-US). Commonwealth Oral History Project. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  7. ↑ Ahmadu Bello: Assassinated leader of Northern Nigeria. www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  8. ↑ rcraggs (2014-05-10). Session 1 – The Office of the Secretary General (en-US). Commonwealth Oral History Project. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  9. ↑ Commonwealth Deputy Secretaries-General: Buy Commonwealth Deputy Secretaries-General by unknown at Low Price in India (en). Flipkart.com. Archived from the original on 2021-03-10. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  10. ↑ Refugees. Refworld | Transition or Travesty: Nigeria's Endless Process of Return to Civilian Rule (en). Refworld. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  11. ↑ Nigeria: Shell complicit in the arbitrary executions of Ogoni Nine as writ served in Dutch court (en). www.amnesty.org. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  12. ↑ Refugees. Refworld | Nigeria: A Travesty of Justice: Secret treason trials and other concerns (en). Refworld. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  13. ↑ Ken Saro-Wiwa (en). www.shell.com.ng. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  14. ↑ Aso Rock Declaration on Development and Democracy: Partnership for Peace and Prosperity | The Commonwealth. thecommonwealth.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-26. Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  15. ↑ Anyaoku...A Toast To Diplomat’s Diplomat (en-US). The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News (2015-01-17). Retrieved on 2020-05-29.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Basis of Nigeria’s foreign policy, by Emeka Anyaoku - Vanguard News (11 July 2013). Retrieved on 9 December 2016.
  17. ↑ Centenary: FG honours Queen, Lord Lugard, Macaulay, MKO, 95 others - Vanguard News (24 February 2014). Retrieved on 9 December 2016.
  18. ↑ Anyaoku-led Presidential Committee Bids Jonathan Farewell - Premium Times Nigeria (5 May 2015). Retrieved on 9 December 2016.
  19. ↑ Archive copy. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved on 2022-02-25.
  20. ↑ The Source Magazine Online. www.thesourceng.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved on 2016-10-19.
  21. ↑ "Anyaoku…A Toast To Diplomat’s Diplomat". Retrieved on 2016-10-19.
  22. ↑ LEADING INTERNATIONAL FIGURES MEET IN GENEVA IN SUPPORT OF WORLD CONFERENCE ON RACISM | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases. www.un.org. Retrieved on 2016-10-19.
  23. ↑ A new president for WWF. www.wwf.org.uk. Retrieved on 2016-10-19.
  24. ↑ "Presidents - past and present". Retrieved on 2016-10-19.
  25. ↑ Archived copy. Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. Retrieved on 2015-09-21.
  26. ↑ https://www.britishmuseum.org/pdf/Trustee_Board_Minutes_241111.pdf
  27. ↑ "From the President", Metropolitan Club - Lagos, 2015-03-07. Retrieved on 2016-10-19.
  28. ↑ rcraggs (2013-09-27). Interview with Chief Emeka Anyaoku (en-US). Commonwealth Oral History Project. Retrieved on 2021-06-04.
  29. ↑ Why I am Still an Anglican, Continuum, 2006, p. 46.
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