Kansụl Nkwekọrịta Mmiri na Nlekọta Mmiri

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Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council
Type Intergovernmental organization
Focus Sanitation, hygiene
Location Page Àtụ:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
Ebe e jere ozi
N'ụwa niile, na-elekwasị anya na mba ndị na-emepe emepe na Sub-Saharan Africa na South Asia
Ndị isi
 Sue Coates, Onye isi nchịkwa a.i.



Hind Khatib-Othman, onye isi oche nke kọmitii nduzi, ha abụọ ruo na ngwụcha 2020

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ wsscc.org

  The Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) bụ òtù United Nations kwadoro na-enye aka na Sustainable Development Goal 6, Target 6.2 na ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha.: 24 E guzobere ya na 1990 ma mechie ya na ngwụcha 2020.[1] WSSCC kwadoro ka e meziwanye ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha, na-elekwasị anya na mkpa ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ agbọghọ na ndị mmadụ nọ n'ọnọdụ ndị na-adịghị ike: 24[1] 

Ebe ndị isi WSSCC lekwasịrị anya bụ nnukwu usoro mgbanwe nke ịdị ọcha na omume ịdị ọcha site na Global Sanitation Fund.

Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  WSSCC rụrụ ọrụ iji dozie nsogbu nke ịdị ọcha ma kwalite ohere zuru ụwa ọnụ maka ịdị ọcha na mmekorita ya na ndị mmekọ dị iche iche.[1] Òtù Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu na-eme atụmatụ na ihe dị ka ijeri mmadụ 2.2 enweghị ọrụ nhicha dị mkpa na ijeri mmadụ 3 enweghị ohere ịnweta ụlọ ịsa aka dị mkpa n'ụlọ.[2] Mmiri dị njọ na-efu mba ihe dịka ijeri $ 229 kwa afọ (na 2015).[3]

WSSCC nyere aka n'ịmepụta Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mmepe na-adịgide adịgide 6, Ebumnuche 6.2: "Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2030, nweta ohere zuru oke na ịdị ọcha maka mmadụ niile ma kwụsị nsị, na-elebara anya pụrụ iche na mkpa ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ na ndị nọ n'ọnọdụ ndị na-adịghị ike. "

Ihe omume[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

WSSCC na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị, òtù ndị na-abụghị gọọmentị rụkọtara ọrụ, òtù mba ụwa, òtù ndị obodo na ngalaba onwe onye na mba ụwa na mba, mpaghara na mpaghara. Nzukọ ahụ dọtakwara uche ọha na eze maka ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha n'ụbọchị mba ụwa dị ka Ụbọchị Mmiri Ụwa, Ụbọchị Ịdị ọcha nke Ịga, Ụbọchị Ụlọ Mposi Ụwa na Ụbọchị Ịsa Aka Ụwa: 4[1] 

Global Sanitation Fund[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Site na Global Sanitation Fund (GSF), ego ntụkwasị obi nke United Nations na-enye onyinye, WSSCC kwadoro mbọ mba na-agba iji nyere obodo ndị dị n'ime ime obodo aka imeziwanye ịdị ọcha ha ma nabata ezigbo omume ịdị ọcha. GSF kwadoro ọrụ mgbanwe omume. Usoro ihe omume mba nke GSF na-akwado, dịka na Cambodia na Naịjirịa, na-ejikarị mkpocha zuru oke nke obodo.[4][5]

GSF kwadoro mmemme mba na Benin, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo na Uganda. Secretariat nke WSSCC chịkọtara ego na onyinye na ọkwa ụwa, họrọ mba ndị ruru eru maka ego, ma jikwaa nkesa nke enyemaka na mmemme nhicha nke mba. [citation needed]

N'ime oge nke afọ 2008 ruo 2018, Global Sanitation Fund kenyere ihe karịrị US $ 119 maka ọrụ nhicha na mba ndị na-emepe emepe: 24[1] 

Global Sanitation Fund bụ ego ntụkwasị obi nke United Nations nke na-enye onyinye nke na-achọ inyere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị mmadụ nọ na mba ndị na-emepe emepe aka imeziwanye ịdị ọcha ha ma nabata ezigbo omume ịdị ọcha.[6] E debere GSF dị ka ụzọ ọhụrụ iji kwado mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.[7]

Ebe ọ na-aga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ijeri mmadụ abụọ enweghị ike ịnweta ọrụ nhicha dị mkpa, nde mmadụ 673 na-asụ nsị n'èzí.[8] Ọrịa afọ ọsịsa, ọrịa a na-egbochi nke na-esite na adịghị ọcha na ịdị ọcha na-adịghị mma, bụ isi ihe na-akpata nsogbu nri na-edozi ahụ na ọnwụ ụmụaka, na-egbu ihe dị ka ndụ 525,000 nke ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 5 kwa afọ.

GSF, tinyere ọtụtụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ngalaba, bu n'uche inyere aka dozie nsogbu nke ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha site n'ime ka ọtụtụ iri nde mmadụ nwee ike ibi na gburugburu ebe obibi na-enweghị nsị (ODF) ma nweta ụlọ mposi zuru oke na ụlọ ịsa aka.[9] Ebumnuche nke ọrụ ndị a bụkwa ịkwado mmezu nke Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mmepe na-adịgide adịgide nke 6. Usoro United Nations achọpụtala ego zuru ụwa ọnụ maka ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha dị ka isi ihe iji mee ka mba ndị mejupụtara ya nwee ike iru ebumnuche mmepe mba ha.[10]

GSF kwadoro ọrụ mgbanwe omume iji nyere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị ogbenye nọ n'ebe siri ike iru ebe dị ọcha ma nabata ezigbo omume ịdị ọcha. Enwere ike ịkọwa ọrụ ndị a dị ka ndị dabeere na obodo, na-akwado mbọ mba, ma na-ejikọta otu ndị dị iche iche.[11] GSF na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ama ama na mmiri, ịdị ọcha na ngalaba ịdị ọcha gụnyere World Bank, Water Aid, UN-Water, UNICEF, World Health Organization, Global Poverty Project na CLTS Foundation.

Usoro ihe omume mba nke GSF na-akwado, dịka na Cambodia na Naịjirịa, na-ejikarị mkpocha zuru oke nke obodo.[12][13]

GSF kwadoro mmemme mba na Benin, Cambodia, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo na Uganda. Nsonaazụ site na mmechi bụ: nde mmadụ 18.1 nwere ohere maka ụlọ mposi ka mma; nde mmadụ 24.4 bi na gburugburu ebe a na-enweghị nsị; na nde mmadụ 23.8 nwere ohere maka ebe ịsa aka n'ụlọ.[14]

Gọọmentị dị na mba ndị a, ọkachasị site na mmemme enyemaka mmepe, enyela aka na GSF mechiri emechi ugbu a. Ha bụ:

WSSCC guzobere GSF iji bulie ego na mba ndị nwere nnukwu mkpa maka imeziwanye ịdị ọcha. E guzobere ya na 2007, na nzaghachi nye United Nations Human Development Report maka afọ 2006, nke welitere nsogbu nke nsogbu nke ịdị ọcha zuru ụwa ọnụ.[21]

Nlekọta ịdị ọcha nke ịhụ nsọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  Ihe ịma aka dị mkpa nke WSSCC lekwasịrị anya na-emetụta itinye nlekọta ịdị ọcha nke ịhụ nsọ na atụmatụ mmepe na-adịgide adịgide. WSSCC gosipụtara na ihe a machibidoro ịhụ nsọ bụ ihe mgbochi maka itinye aka na ohere maka ụmụ nwanyị.[22] Akụkọ National Public Radio gosipụtara na ọtụtụ ndị na-eme iwu na-ekweta na ha atụlebeghị ajụjụ gbasara ịhụ nsọ tupu mgbe ahụ.[23]

Ịha nhata na enweghị ịkpa ókè[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

WSSCC kwadoro ịha nhata, ikike mmadụ na enweghị ịkpa ókè dị ka isi iji hụ na mmiri dị mma, ịdị ọcha zuru oke na ịdị ọcha maka mmadụ niile. Karịsịa, WSSCC WASH kwadoro ịkwalite ụmụ nwanyị itinye aka na idu ndú na ịdị ọcha na ahụike ịhụ nsọ.[24][25][26][27]

Ebe ndị ọzọ a na-elekwasị anya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ebe ndị ọzọ WSSCC lekwasịrị anya gụnyere ịkwado mgbanwe omume yana ịhụ na nlekota a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na nke na-aga n'ihu, ọkachasị nke ezinụlọ ndị na-alaghachi na omume na-adịghị ọcha a gbahapụrụ na mbụ. WSSCC rụrụ ọrụ na nsogbu ndị a site na sistemụ ike na nyocha mmetụta.[28][29]

Akụkọ na mkpọsa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Akụkọ na mkpọsa ndị a ma ama nke WSSCC kwadoro gụnyere:

  • 'Anyị Enweghị ike ichere', akụkọ na 2015 gbasara ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ mepụtara na mmekorita ya na WaterAid na Unilever[30]
  • Akụkọ Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment nke e mepụtara na njikọ aka na WHO na UNICEF na 2015[31]
  • Mgbasa ozi 'End Open Defecation' nke United Nations na 2015[32]
  • Nkwupụta Women for Water and Sanitation, nke ụmụ nwanyị mbụ nke Madagascar na Malawi kwadoro, n'etiti ndị ọzọ na 2015[33]

Ọdịdị nzukọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

WSSCC bụ nke United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) kwadoro n'ụzọ nchịkwa na iwu kemgbe afọ 2009. Kọmitii Na-eduzi ya na-achịkwa odeakwụkwọ WSSCC. Isi ụlọ ọrụ odeakwụkwọ WSSCC dị na Geneva, Switzerland. WSSCC bụ òtù na-enweghị ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụghị ụlọ ọrụ iwu dị iche.

Kọmitii Na-eduzi WSSCC kpebiri ụkpụrụ na atụmatụ nke nzukọ ahụ, jikwaa usoro ọchịchị, ma na-aza ajụjụ nye ma ndị otu na ndị na-enye onyinye maka ọrụ ya. Ọ mejupụtara oche, ndị otu mpaghara, ndị otu ụlọ ọrụ mmekọ, ndị otu ex officio, ndị a kpọrọ na-abụghị ndị na-eme ntụli aka, na ndị na-adịghị eme ntụli aka. Ndị otu WSSCC niile ruru eru iguzo ma vootu na ntuli aka maka Kọmitii Nchịkwa.

WSSCC bụ naanị òtù UN raara onwe ya nye naanị maka ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha.: 24[1] 

WSSCC nwere ndị otu na mba 150.[1] 

"Obodo WSSCC" gụnyere ndị ọrụ nọ na Geneva, ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo National Coordinators, ndị njikwa mmemme Global Sanitation Fund, Kọmitii Nchịkwa a họpụtara site na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ndị mmekọ abụọ.[34] "Ndị nhazi mba" rụrụ ọrụ site na WASH Coalitions na mba 16 iji duzie ọrụ WSSCC. Ha jere ozi dị ka ndị isi njikọ aka, ndị ọnụ na-ekwuchitere, na ndị na-akwado nsogbu nke ịdị ọcha, ịdị ọcha na mmiri.[35]

Onye isi oche Kọmitii Na-eduzi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

WSSCC mechiri na ngwụcha afọ 2020. Onye isi oche ikpeazụ bụ Hind Khatib-Othman.[1]

Nkwado[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

WSSCC natara ego site n'aka ọtụtụ gọọmentị Europe yana Australia. Na 2016-2018 ndị nyere onyinye na mmefu ego WSSCC bụ Gọọmentị nke Netherlands, Norway, Sweden na Switzerland.[1] N'afọ ndị gara aga, ndị nyere onyinye gụnyekwara Australia, Finland, Switzerland na United Kingdom.[36][37]

Ego[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mmefu na 2018 ruru US $ 18.2 nde na-anọchite anya ọnụọgụ nnyefe 72% megide mmefu ego nke US $ 21.1 nde.[1]

Njikọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ndị mmekọ na WSSCC gụnyere WaterAid, Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA) na UNICEF, n'etiti ndị ọzọ. N'afọ 2020, WSSCC kwupụtara mmekọrịta siri ike na SuSanA site na ijikọ otu Community of Practice ha n'ime SuSanA Discussion Forum.[38]

WSSCC kwadoro ndị otu nkwukọrịta nke Sanitation and Water for all (SWA) ruo na ngwụcha 2019 (site na 2020 gaa n'ihu, UNICEF na-akwado ya).

WSSCC jikọtara aka na:

  • Nwa amaala Ụwa[39]
  • Global Water Partnership (GWP)[40]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'afọ 1990, otu ndị isi ọrụ nke gọọmentị mba ndị na-emepe emepe, ụlọ ọrụ abụọ na nke ọtụtụ, NGO na ụlọ ọrụ nyocha guzobere WSSCC. Na Disemba 21, 1990, Nzukọ nke 45 nke Nzukọ Ezumezu nke UN họpụtara ka ọ gafee mkpebi A / RES / 45 / 181 nke kwusiri ike na "mkpa ọ dị ime ka nhazi nke ọrụ mba dịkwuo mma site na enyemaka nke ụlọ ọrụ niile dị mkpa n'ihe gbasara inye mmiri na ịdị ọcha site na, ọkachasị, Kọmitii Nlekọta maka Ọrụ Nkwado maka Afọ Iri Mmiri Ọṅụ nke Mba Nile na Kansụl Nkwado Mmiri".[41] Site na mkpebi a, e guzobere WSSCC n'ụzọ ziri ezi dị ka nzukọ kwụụrụ onwe ya nke nwere ikike nke United Nations.

N'ime afọ ndị 1990, WSSCC lekwasịrị anya n'ịkekọrịta ihe ọmụma na ịkpọkọta ìgwè mkparịta ụka isiokwu na isiokwu metụtara mmiri na ịdị ọcha. N'afọ 2000, WSSCC bipụtara Vision 21, atụmatụ maka inweta mmiri zuru ụwa ọnụ, ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha.[42]

Site na 1991 ruo 2009, ọ bụ World Health Organization (WHO) kwadoro ya. Mgbe afọ 2009 gasịrị, ụlọ ọrụ United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) kwadoro WSSCC.[43][44]

Mgbe afọ 2000 gasịrị, WSSCC gbasaa ọrụ ya iji tinye nkwado na nkwukọrịta, wee malite iji okwu "WASH" dị ka okwu nche anwụ maka mmiri, ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha site na 2001 gaa n'ihu.[45]

Ndị otu WSSCC na ndị ọrụ ya gbara mbọ maka ebumnuche mmepe nke Millennium maka ịdị ọcha, nke a nabatara na World Summit on Sustainable Development na 2002 na Johannesburg, South Africa.[46]

Kemgbe afọ 2007, WSSCC lekwasịrị anya na ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha, na-agbakwunye usoro ego nke ịdị ọcha (Global Sanitation Fund) na mgbakwunye na netwọk ya, ihe ọmụma na ọrụ nkwado.

Ndị isi oche gara aga nke kọmitii nduzi gụnyere: Brad Herbert na Ebele Okeke na 2017-2018, Amina J. Mohammed, osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations na onye bụbu Minista nke gburugburu ebe obibi nke Nigeria na 2016, Andrew Cotton na 2014 ruo 2015, Anna Tibaijuka na 2011 ruo 2013; Roberto Lenton na 2005 ruo 2010, Sir Richard Jolly na 1997 ruo 2004 na Margaret Catley-Carlson na 1990 ruo 1996.[1][47][36][37]

Ndị isi nchịkwa gara aga gụnyere Rolf Luyendijk (na 2018), Chris Williams (na 2012 ruo 2016) na Jon Lane (na 2007 ruo 2011).[1][36][43]

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 WSSCC (2018) Annual Report of WSSCC, Geneva, Switzerland
  2. ↑ Progress on household drinking water, sanitation and hygiene I 2000-2017. JMP. WHO/UNICEF. Retrieved on 2015-12-17.
  3. ↑ The true cost of poor sanitation. LIXIL, WaterAid, Oxford Economics (2016). Retrieved on 30 December 2019.
  4. ↑ Community-Led Total Sanitation in East Asia and Pacific. UNICEF. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved on 2016-01-08.
  5. ↑ Women show the way in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Thomson Reuters Foundation. Retrieved on 2016-01-08.
  6. ↑ (2015) Global Sanitation Fund: Investing in Sustainable Sanitation and Hygiene. Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council. Retrieved on 7 September 2015. 
  7. ↑ Williams. "Can We Finance Sustainable Development?", Huffington Post, 13 July 2015. Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  8. ↑ (2017) Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 Update and SDG Baselines. WHO / UNICEF, 4. Retrieved on 11 August 2017. 
  9. ↑ Walter (January 2013). "Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene: A Global Crisis With Real Solutions". Dimension: 30–32. Retrieved on 7 September 2015. 
  10. ↑ Schmidt-Traub (2015). Financing Sustainable Development: Implementing the SDGs Through Effective Investment Strategies and Partnerships. Sustainable Development Solutions Network. Retrieved on 7 September 2015. 
  11. ↑ WSSCC Progress in Meeting Sanitation and Hygiene Needs. Horizon International Solutions Site. Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  12. ↑ (2013) Community-Led Total Sanitation in East Asia and Pacific. UNICEF. Retrieved on 7 September 2015. 
  13. ↑ Okeke (21 March 2014). Women Show the Way in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH). Thomson Reuters Foundation. Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  14. ↑ WSSCC, WaterAid Promote WASH for Refugees and Schools. SDG Knowledge Hub. International Institute for Sustainable Development (6 July 2017). Retrieved on 11 August 2017.
  15. ↑ Australia's Aid Program. Australian Government Department of foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  16. ↑ Developmental Policy and Developmental Cooperation. Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Archived from the original on 8 September 2015. Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  17. ↑ Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Government of the Netherlands (24 August 2011). Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  18. ↑ Front. NoradDev. Retrieved on 2016-06-16.
  19. ↑ Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency. SIDA. Archived from the original on 2 December 2010. Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  20. ↑ Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  21. ↑ St. Denis. "A Simple Working Toilet Is a Luxury For Too Many", Toronto Star, 22 November 2007. Retrieved on 7 September 2015.
  22. ↑ Opinion: Let's Talk Menstruation. Period. Inter Press Service (14 May 2015). Retrieved on 2016-01-08.
  23. ↑ Trying To Add The 'M' Word (Menstruation) To The U.N.'s New Goals. NPR. Retrieved on 2015-12-30.
  24. ↑ Women Show the Way in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH). Thomson Reuters Foundation. Retrieved on 2016-01-08.
  25. ↑ The invention that aims to make periods less of a pain. The Guardian (2 October 2015). Retrieved on 2016-01-08.
  26. ↑ Disposable tampons aren't sustainable, but do women want to talk about it?. The Guardian (27 April 2015). Retrieved on 2016-01-08.
  27. ↑ "No Menstrual Hygiene For Indian Women Holds Economy Back", Bloomberg, 24 July 2013. Retrieved on 2016-01-08.
  28. ↑ Learning, progress and innovation: Sanitation and hygiene promotion in Madagascar. WSSCC. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved on 2015-12-19.
  29. ↑ The Evidence Programme on Sanitation and Hygiene. WSSCC. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved on 2015-12-19.
  30. ↑ We Can't Wait. WaterAid, Unilever, WSSCC. Retrieved on 2015-12-30.
  31. ↑ UN reveals major gaps in water and sanitation – especially in rural areas. WHO. Archived from the original on November 22, 2014. Retrieved on 2015-12-30.
  32. ↑ Breaking the silence on open defecation. United Nations. Retrieved on 2015-12-30.
  33. ↑ Women for water and sanitation declaration. Global Poverty Project. Retrieved on 2015-12-30.
  34. ↑ Who we are. WSSCC. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved on 30 December 2019.
  35. ↑ Collaboration. WSSCC. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved on 30 December 2019.
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 WSSCC (2016) Annual Report for 2016, Geneva, Switzerland
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 WSSCC (2015) Annual Report for 2015, Geneva, Switzerland
  38. ↑ WSSCC announce merger of "Community of Practice" platform with SuSanA. WSSCC - News (8 January 2020). Retrieved on 24 January 2020.
  39. ↑ Global Citizen NGO Partners. Retrieved on 30 December 2019.
  40. ↑ Strategic Allies. GWP. Global Water Partnership. Retrieved on 30 December 2019.
  41. ↑ A/RES/45/181. International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade. UN.org. Retrieved on 2015-12-17.
  42. ↑ Vision 21: A Shared Vision for Hygiene, Sanitation and Water Supply and a Framework for Action. IRC. Retrieved on 2015-12-17.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 Water and sanitation body completes move to UNOPS. ReliefWeb. Retrieved on 2015-12-17.
  44. ↑ How community-led and behaviour focused programming became central to improving sanitation standards. UNOPS News. Retrieved on 30 December 2019.
  45. ↑ Jong, D. de (2003) Advocacy for water, environmental sanitation and hygiene - Thematic overview paper, IRC, The Netherlands
  46. ↑ World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD). WHO. Archived from the original on August 6, 2004. Retrieved on 2015-12-18.
  47. ↑ Amina Mohammed to Chair Leading WASH Organization. News Ghana (2016-01-19). Retrieved on 2016-01-19.

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ewepụtara na https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kansụl_Nkwekọrịta_Mmiri_na_Nlekọta_Mmiri&oldid=155226