Asụsụ Ubangian

language family
obere ụdị nke	Asụsụ Adamawa-Ubangi

Asụsụ Ubangian mejupụtara njikọ dịgasị iche iche nke ihe dị ka asụsụ iri asaa nke dị na Central African Republic na DR Congo. Ha bụ asụsụ kachasị na CAR, nke nde mmadụ 2-3 na-asụ, gụnyere otu n'ime asụsụ ya, Sango. A na-asụkwa ha na Cameroon, Chad, Republic of Congo na South Sudan.

Nchịkọta mpụga

Joseph Greenberg (1963) kewara asụsụ Ubangian a na-amaghị nke ọma n'oge ahụ dị ka Niger-Congo ma tinye ha n'ime Asụsụ Adamawa dị ka "Eastern Adamawa". ^[1]'oge na-adịghị anya, e wepụrụ ha na alaka dị iche nke Niger-Congo, dịka ọmụmaatụ n'ime Asụsụ Savanna nke Blench. ^[2] ^[3] dị, nke a aghọwo ihe a na-ejighị n'aka, na Dimmendaal (2008) na-ekwu na, dabere na enweghị ihe akaebe doro anya maka nhazi Niger-Congo a na-emepụta, Ubangian "ma eleghị anya bụ ezinụlọ asụsụ nwere onwe ya nke a na-enweghị ike ma ọ bụ enweghị ike igosi na ọ nwere njikọ na Niger-Cong (ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ ọ bụla ọzọ). " [1] Blench (2012) gụnyere Ubangian n'ime Niger-C Congo. ^[4] (2018) na-ekwu na ọ bụ ezie na ihe akaebe maka itinye Ubangi n'ime Niger-Congo ka na-adịghị ike, otu ihe ahụ metụtakwara ọtụtụ alaka ndị ọzọ bụ ndị otu Niger-Cong na-enweghị mgbagha.

Nchịkọta n'ime

Boyd ^[5] Moñino (2010) wepụrụ asụsụ Gbaya na Zande. Ọkara iri na abụọ fọdụrụnụ bụ otu, mana mmekọrịta ha anaghị adị mfe. Williamson & Blench (2000) na-atụ aro ndokwa ndị a: Na mgbakwunye, e nwere Asụsụ Ngombe, nke a na-ejighị n'aka ebe ọ dị n'ihi ụkọ data.

Rịba ama: A na-eji aha a na-amaghị ama Ngbaka eme ihe maka asụsụ dị iche iche n'ógbè ahụ. N'ozuzu, otu Asụsụ Ngbaka na-ezo aka n'otu n'ime Asụsụ Gbaya, ebe ọtụtụ asụsụ Ngbaka nwere alaka Ubangian.

Güldemann (2018)

^[4] (2018) ghọtara "usoro ọmụmụ" asaa dị n'ime Ubangian, mana ọ bụ onye agnostic banyere ọnọdụ ha n'ime Niger-Congo.

Gbayaic
Zandic
Mbaik
Mundo-Baka
Ngbandic
Bandaic
Ndogoic

Okwu ntụnyere

Nkọwa okwu ndị bụ isi nke asụsụ Ubangian site na Moñino (1988): ^[6]

Nchịkọta	Asụsụ	anya	ntị	imi	ezé	ire	ọnụ	ọbara	ọkpụkpụ	mmiri	osisi	Iri nri	aha
Gbaya	Proto-Gbaya	*Dọm.	*Onye na-eme ihe nkiri	*Dizue	*ɲín	*leɓé ~ lembè	*ọ bụghị	*Ọkụ	*Dịbọ ahụ	*Anyaụ	*Tee	*ɲɔŋ/ụmụ	*ụfọdụ n'ime ha
Gbaya	Gbaya Bodoe	Ọchịchị.yík/yík	zèr	Mgbe ụfọdụ	ɲín	Ọ bụ mgbe a na-eme ihe nkiri	ee e	tonk	Ọchịchị	yì	gị	ɲɔŋ/yi	ɲín
Gbaya	Gbaya Biyanda	N'ebe ahụ	Zàlà	Mgbe ụfọdụ	Ọmụmụ	ogwe aka	ee e	tonk	N'ihi ya	N'oge gara aga	gị	Ọ bụ n'oge na-adịghị anya	líŋ
Gbaya	Gbeya	Ọchịchị.rí/rí	zɛrà	Mgbe ụfọdụ ~ mgbe ụfọdụ	ɲín	lep ~ lefé	ee e	ton na ton	Ọ ga-abụ na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya	Ri	gị	ɲɔŋ/ri	ɲín
Gbaya	Manza	Ọdịdị	z Marịba ama	Mgbe ụfọdụ	Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ ebe a na-anọ	Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya	nū	ton na-eme	N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụ na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka ọ ga-adị.	Ọdịdị	gị	ɲɔŋɔ	Ọdịdị
Gbaya	Mbodomo	lí	z Marịba ama	Mgbe ụfọdụ	ɲíní	agụ owuru	ee e	ngọrọ	N'ihi ya	N'oge gara aga	Ọ bụ n'oge ochie ka a na-akpọ	ɲɔŋ	líŋ
Gbaya	Ịkụ ụfụ	N'ebe ahụ	agafe	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ	ɲ nke gị	jambè	ee e	mbɛ́́	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ya	N'oge gara aga	gị	ɲɔŋgi/li	lí
Gbaya	Bofi	Ọchịchị.	z Marịba ama	Mgbe ụfọdụ	?	N'oge a	nū	toǹʔɔ̀	N'ihi ya	N'oge gara aga	gị	ɲɔŋ	líŋ
Ngbandi	Sango	Aha ya bụ	Mmanụ ala	musikị	Pūmbē	Ọmụmụ ihe	na-aga n'ihu	Mọvụ ~ ménē	Mujiō	Ngú	kɛ̄kɛ̄ ~ kēkē	Ọrịa na-egbu egbu	īrī
Ngbandi	Yakoma	Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ	MMA	musik na-eme	Ọrịa na-egbu egbu	(lì.) mɛ̄ngá	Akụkụ nke ụwa, yāngā	Mmer	bỳō	Ngú	Mkpụrụ osisi	Ọrịa na-egbu egbu	ʔīrī
Ngbandi	Kpatiri	ebe a	Mmanụ ala	musik̄	Ọrịa	mīngā.Uzo nke Uzo	Uzo nke Uzo	Meny	Mubi	Ngú	Mgbọ	Ọrịa na-egbu egbu	īrī
Baka	Ngbaka Mabo	zi.la/la	__ibo____ibo____ibo__ Zī-	__ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọdịdị	__ibo__ Ọdịdị	mīnī-	Mọ-	__ibo__ N'ihi na ọ bụ	Kpu-	N'oge a	náā	Ọ̀ bụ eziokwu	ʔēlē-
Baka	Monzombo	ebe a -	__ibo__ Zụa	ɲō	__ibo__ Ọdịdị	mī	Mọ-	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ	Beyes	N'oge a	ló	zō	ʔē
Baka	Gbanzili	ebe a/ebe ahụ.	zè	ʔō, ŋwū	Ọrịa- ~ tii-	mīlī ~ mēlē	Mọ-	nzɛ̄	Kpu-	N'oge a	ná	Mgbe ụfọdụ	yēlē
Baka	Baka	ebe a -	signed-	ɓàngà-	Ọrịa na-egbu egbu	mī (l) -	Mọ-	njɛ̄, māndā	Ndị kwere ekwe	ngō	lō	jō	ʔē-
Baka	Mayogo	Ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ ka a ga-anọ	-Iju	(w) ma ọ bụ	- Na-ada	-m	-bú	Ngɔ́tɛ́	N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị	-ngú	ndúlá	-zō	-lee
Baka	Mundo	jíà/rràgó	Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya	Go	Ọrịa	m	Gí.M.	Ngɔ́tɛ́	N'oge gara aga	Ngú	rró	zózò	Irí
Mba	Ndunga-le	na-abaghị uru	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ	mbētú-	Ọrịa-	Mụ onwe m-	mó-	ɓíndá-	Ebe a na-akpọ ɓéɓé	Ihe omuma -	ga-	-Dizoro-	Nwunye-
Mba	Mba-ne	lá-/ee-	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ	musik̄mbɔ́-	Ọrịa-	Mụ onwe m-	N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị	zi-	ɓēɓē	Ihe omuma -	ga-	Mgbe ụfọdụ -	E ji ebi ya
Mba	Dongo-ko	lɔ̀-/sīē-	gyê	ŋù-	Ọrịa-	lyò-	Mọ-	Nzì-	ɓèɓè	Ihe omuma -	papa-	zó-	N'ikwu okwu
Mba	Ịhụ Ama n'anya	-fá-kúmbú-	-ee-	-Ụdị-	-Ọnwụ-	-m̀-	-mpu-	-kú-	ngátī-	-ngù-	-ng na-ekwu	sú-	-ebe ahụ-
Sere	Sere	rɔ̄	gị	musik̀	Ọ bụ n'oge ochie ka a na-akpọ	M̀	nzɛ̄	zùmù	N'oge na-adịghị anya	ngɔ̄	Mu	Mgbe ụfọdụ	aka
Sere	N'enweghị ihe ọ bụla	vʌ̄.lō/tì.ló	sù	ŋò	n'oge na-adịghị anya.	m	nzō	mvēlē	kʊ.ɓílì	ngō	ngʊ́	zà	Lee
Ìgwè egwu	Ìndá	ebe a/CESī	ə̄tū	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ	ə̄ʒī	tīmà	àmà	ə̄njī	gbābī	Engu	A na-akpọ ya	zɨ̄	ʔɨ̄rɨ̄
Ìgwè egwu	Yàngere	ebe a/cīcī	tutū	màwō	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ nwa agbọghọ	Ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ ka a na-anọ	nne	njīnjī	gbēbī	Ngúngú	ndōjō (~ njōjō ?)	zē	ʔērē
Ìgwè egwu	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi na	na-aga ebe ahụ/cícī	ūtū	mawū, ūwū	īʒī	tīmà	àmà	īnjī	gbāgbī	úngú	ōyō	Uche	ʔīrī
Ìgwè egwu	N'oge na-adịghị anya	na-aga ebe ahụ/cácū	ōtū	N'ihi na ọ bụ	ēʒī	tīmà	àmà	ə̄njī	gbābī	Engu	A na-akpọ ya	zɨ̄	Okwu a na-akpọ Tra
Ìgwè egwu	Wójò	na-adị n'ebe ahụ	ūtū	Shia	kājī	tāmbī	àmà	(ʒ) īʒī	gbābī	úngú	(y) ōyō	zɨ	ērē
Ìgwè egwu	Dákpá	na-aga ebe ahụ/cácū	ōtū	ə̄wū	ə̄ʒī	tīmà	àmà	ə̄ʒī	gbābī	Engu	ndɔ̄gɔ̄rɔ̄	zɨ̄	ʔīrē ~ ʔērē
Ìgwè egwu	Làngbasi	ebe a/ebe ahụ	tutū	wūwū	ʒīʒī	tīmà	nne	ʒīʒī	gbābī	Ngúngú	yōyō	zɨ	ʔēʁə̄
Ìgwè egwu	Mbanza	célà/cúcū	tutū	__ibo____ibo__ Ọdịdị	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ nwa agbọghọ	tīmbī	nne	Uche	gbābī	Engu	Otú ọ dị, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị	zɨ ~ zi	ʔēlē
Zande	Zande	Baangī/Khapu	Na-acha	ō	rīndē	mīrā	ngbā	N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị	mēmē	Iʹme/di	ngūà	ri	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-eme
Zande	Nzakara	Bangili	tū	ʔʊ̄	Linda	mīnlā	ngbā	Kʊ̄lɛ̄	Memba	ndīgì	ngʊ̄nlà	lɪ	Nnukwu
Zande	Geme	índīrī/kpūkpū	tū	musik̄	Linda	māl.ngbā	ngbā	kūlē	Memba	diī	wīlì	li	lūmā

Ọnụ ọgụgụ

Ntụnyere nke ọnụọgụ n'asụsụ ọ bụla: ^[7]

Nchịkọta	Asụsụ	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ìgwè egwu	Mbanza (Mabandja)	whale	ɓisi	Ọ na-ekwu okwu	Vɑnɑ	uche	ɡɑzɑlɑ	ɡɑzɑlɑ n'ụkpụrụ (6 + 1)	nɡebeɗe	nɡebeɗeɗe n'ozuzu (8 + 1)	ɓufu
Banda, Central Core, Banda-Bambari	Banda-Linda (1)	whale	biʃi	Nke a bụ ihe a na-akpọ	Ihe efu	mīndū	mīndū ama na bale (5 + 1) ̄	mīndū ama na zọhịa (5 + 2)	mīndū na-ama (5 + 3)	mīndū ama ihe efu (5 + 4)	moɾofo
Banda, Central Core, Banda-Bambari	Banda-Linda (2)	Ọmụmụ	Gọhịa	Ọdịdị	və̀nɑ̄	mīndû	mīndû bụ onye na-agụ ya (5 + 1) ̄	mīndû ɑ̀ bīʃì (5 + 2)	mīndû ɑ̀ və̀tɑ̀ (5 + 3)	mīndû ɑ̀ və̀nɑ̄ (5 + 4)	morófō
Banda, South Central	Ngbugu (1)	bàlē	bīʃùwú ~ bīʃǔ	Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-ekwu okwu	vootu	mīndúwù ~ mīndû	Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka e si mee yaỌdịdị nke ọma	Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka e si mee yaEbumnuche nke anụ ahụ bụ: mīndû kàlá bīʃǔ	Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka e si mee yaỌ bụ ezie na ọ na-eme ntụli aka	Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka e si mee yaỌ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ihe nkiri.ɡbá
Banda, South Central	Ngbugu (2)	bàlè	bìʃùú	vootæ	vwànɔ̄	Ebe	mìndúù mànɜ̄ bàlè (5 + 1) ̄	Mọndiúù mànɜ̄ bìʃú (5 + 2)	mìndúù mànɜ̄ vòtàá (5 + 3)	mìndúù mànɜ̄ vwànɔ̄ (5 + 4)	lɜ̀konòɡ͡bè (n'ụzọ nkịtị: mkpịsị aka niile)
Banda, South Central	Langbasi (Langbashe)	Ọmụmụ	Gọhịa	Votɑ̀	Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ihe nkiri	mīndû	Ọdịdị ya (5 + 1) ̄	mīndû̀mɑnə̄ bīʃì (5 + 2)	mīndû̀mɑnə̄ vòtɑ̀ (5 + 3)	mīndûmɑ̀nə̄ vootùɑ̀nō (5 + 4)	Ọ bụ n'oge a na-anọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ
Banda, West Central	Banda-Tangbago	Ọmụmụ ihe	Gọhịa	vootu	Vɑ́nɑ̄	mīndû	mīndû ɑ̀mɑ nə̀ ughēē (5 + 1)	mīndû ɑ̀mɑ nə̀ bīʃì (5 + 2)	mīndû ɑ̀mɑ nə̀ vōtɑ̀ (5 + 3)	mīndû ɑ̀mɑ nə̀ vɑ̀nɑ̄ (5 + 4)	móɾófò
Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, Central	Bokoto	n͡dáŋ	Agbụrụ	tàɾ	nãɾ	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-akpọ	__ibo__ N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ "Zah" (5 + 1)	__ibo____ibo__ N'ihi ya, a na-akpọ ya "Zua" (5 + 2)	__ibo____ibo____ibo__ N'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a ga-eji ya mee ihe.	__ibo__ N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ "Zaa" (5 + 4)	Ebe a na-eme ihe
Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, Central	Bossangoa Gbaya	k͡pém	ɾíːtò	tàː	nàː	N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ ga-adị n'anya	ɗòŋ k͡pém (5 + 1)	ɗòŋ ɾíːtò (5 + 2)	N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ bụ naanị na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a ga-asị na ọ bụ?	N'okpuru	ɓú
Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ	Ngabaka	N'ihi ya	Bọhia	tàlɛ̀	nālɛ̄	Ọrịa na-efe efe	ɡàzɛ̀lɛ̀	ɡàzɛ̀lɛ̀-nɡɔ́-nɛ-kpó (6 + 1), sambo *	n'ịgbụụụụ	N'okpuru	ɓū
Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka, Northwest	Ebe Ugwu Ọdịda Anyanwụ Gbaya	Ọmụmụ ihe	Ndị Yiddish	tààr	náár	Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ ihe a na-eme	Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ "Rory" (5 + 1)	Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a ga-eji ya mee ihe.	mɔ́ɔ́rɔ́-ɗòŋ-tààr (5 + 3)	mɔ́ɔ́rɔ́-ɗòŋ-náár (5 + 4)	ɓú
Ngbandi	Ebe Ugwu Ngbandi	Gii	Ọ bụ	ta	siɔ	Gí̃	mana	mbara ala	Miambe	ɡumbaya	sui kɔi
Ngbandi	Yakoma	Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ	ǒsɛ̀, ̌sɛ̀	ọ̀ bụ ọ̀ bụ nke ọ̀ bụ	Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ	Ọ bụ otú ahụ ka ọ dị	Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ	mbàmbar	myɔmbè	ɡūmbáyā	bàlé.kɔ̀ {ten.one}
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba, Mba	Dongo	ɓawɨ	ɡ͡bwɔ̀	ga-abụ	afọ	N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ bụ	Kaziya	zyálá	nɡya-iɲo-ɡ͡bwɔ̀ (10 - 2)?	nɡya-iɲyo-ɓayi (10 - 1)?	Anụ
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba, Mba	Mba	Uma	Onye nzuzu	Ịṅụ mmanya	anɡ͡bote	ɓúma	ɓúma tele (5 + 1)	ɓúma m na-eme ka ị nọkwuo ala (5 + 2)	ɓúma te ɓyala (5 + 3)	ɓúma te anɡ͡bote (5 + 4)	mmegbu
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba,Ngbaka, Eastern, Mayogo-Bangba	Mayogo	ɓīnì	ɓīsī	ɓātā	ɓāɗā	búlúvūè	Maịlị	mānāníkà	mādʒɛ́nà	ōdúkpábīnì (10 - 1)??	ndʒɛ̄kpà
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba, ngbaka, Eastern, Mundu	Mündü	bì, bìisson	Ebe a na-akpọ ɓəs	bata	Ọgbọ	Ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe ike	n'oge gara aga	Lɵ̀rɵzi	ɡ͡badzena	menewá	nzòkpa
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba,Ngbaka, Western, Baka-Gundi	Baka	N'ihi ya	bide	batà	bàna	θuwè	N'ihi ya, ọ na-eme nke a.	θuwè tɛ bíde (5+ 2)	θuwè tɛ batà (5+ 3)	θuwè tɛ bàna (5+ 4)	kamo / θuwè tɛ θuwè (5+ 5)
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba,Ngbaka, Western, Baka-Gundi	Akpụkpọ anụ	N'ihi ya	bide	Isi ihe	bàna	ihe a hụrụ	síta	Tamil	Ọrịa	anya dị ka balna (5+ 4)	kpa bo pɛ (n'ụzọ nkịtị. aka niile / aka abụọ nke onye)
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba,Ngbaka, Western, Bwaka	Ngabaka Ma'bo	k͡páàá ~ k͡páàkɔ́	ɓīsì	ɓātà	ɡ͡bīānā	ʔèvè ~ ve	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-eme ihe ike	sílànā	Senā	Veejin (5+ 4)	nzò k͡pā̰ (litː 'isi / aka ')
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba,Ngbaka, Western, Gbanzili	Gbanzili	k͡pókà	ɓīsì	ɓɔ̄tà ~ ɓōātà	ɓānā ebe ~ ɓɔ̄nā	Vūè	N'ihi ya	selena ~ saɓá	sánā	vūè-nà-ɓùānā (5+ 4) / liɓòà *	nzò k͡pā ~ ɡ͡bà
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Ngbaka-Mba,Ngbaka, Western, Monzombo	Monzombo	k͡póì	Gọhịa	bālà	bàānā	Vūè	Uche na-adị	ʃíēnā	Senā	ʔi̋voēnā	nʒò k͡pā̰ (litː 'isi aka ma ọ bụ ogwe aka')
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Sere, Sere-Bviri, Bai-Viri	belanda Viri	njẽe	ụdaolu	Taú	nãu	Vöö́	vöö́-njoí-njẽe (5 + 1)	vöö́-njoí-soó (5 + 2)	vöö́-njoí-taú (5 + 3)	vöö́-njoí-nãu (5 + 4)	ɓï̃kürü
Sere-Ngbaka-Mba, Sere, Sere-Bviri, Ndogo-Sere	Ndogo	ɡbaànjé	só, sósò (nke a na-eji eme ihe dị ka adjective)	táʔò	nàʔò	Voli	Vo-njeé-ɡbaànjé (5 + 1)	Vo-njeé-só (5 + 2)	Vo-njeé-táʔò (5 + 3)	vó-njeé-nàʔò (5 + 4)	muʔɓì (litː 'n'aka'
Zande, Zande-Nzakara	Nzakara (1)	Kilei	īyō	ātā	Ebee ka ọ dị	ìsì	ìsìbē-ālí-kílī (5 + 1)	ìsìbē-ālí-īyō (5 + 2)	ìsìbē-ālí-ātā (5 + 3)	ìsìbē-ālí-ālù (5 + 4)	ŋɡ͡bō
Zande, Zande-Nzakara	Nzakara (2)	Kilei	ījō	ātā	Ebee ka ọ dị	ìsì	ìsìbē-ālí-kílī (5 + 1)	ìsìbē-ālí-ījō (5 + 2)	ìsìbē-ālí-ātā (5 + 3)	ìsìbē-ālí-ālù (5 + 4)	ŋɡ͡bɔ̃̄
Zande, Zande-Nzakara	Zande	sa	Ué	Ihe mgbagwoju anya	bīànɡì ~ bīàmà (dị ka olumba si dị)	bīsùè	bīsùè bàtì̧ sá (litː 'ise ma e wezụga otu')	bīsùè bàtì̧ úé (litː 'ise ma e wezụga abụọ')	bīsùè bàtì̧ bí冲突 (litː 'ise ma e wezụga atọ')	bīsùè bàtì̧ bīànɡì ('ise ma e wezụga anọ')	bàwē

Edensibia

↑ Williamson (2000). "Niger–Congo", in Heine: African languages: an introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
↑ Blench. Niger-Congo: an alternative view.
↑ Dimmendaal (2008). "Language Ecology and Linguistic Diversity on the African Continent". Language and Linguistics Compass 2 (5). DOI:10.1111/j.1749-818X.2008.00085.x.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Güldemann (2018). "Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa", in Güldemann: The Languages and Linguistics of Africa, The World of Linguistics series. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 58–444. DOI:10.1515/9783110421668-002. ISBN 978-3-11-042606-9. Güldemann, Tom (2018). "Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa". In Güldemann, Tom (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of Africa. The World of Linguistics series. Vol. 11. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 58–444. doi:10.1515/9783110421668-002. ISBN 978-3-11-042606-9. S2CID 133888593. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Guldemann" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Moñino (2010). The position of Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka group among the Niger-Congo languages. Archived from the original on 2014-01-08.
↑ Moñino (1988). Lexique comparatif des langues oubanguiennes. Paris: Geuthner.
↑ Chan (2019). The Niger-Congo Language Phylum. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.

Àtụ:Ubangian languages Àtụ:Language families Àtụ:Niger-Congo branches

[1] Williamson (2000). "Niger–Congo", in Heine: African languages: an introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[2] Blench. Niger-Congo: an alternative view.

[3] Dimmendaal (2008). "Language Ecology and Linguistic Diversity on the African Continent". Language and Linguistics Compass 2 (5). DOI:10.1111/j.1749-818X.2008.00085.x.

[Guldemann-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Güldemann (2018). "Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa", in Güldemann: The Languages and Linguistics of Africa, The World of Linguistics series. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 58–444. DOI:10.1515/9783110421668-002. ISBN 978-3-11-042606-9. Güldemann, Tom (2018). "Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa". In Güldemann, Tom (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of Africa. The World of Linguistics series. Vol. 11. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 58–444. doi:10.1515/9783110421668-002. ISBN 978-3-11-042606-9. S2CID 133888593. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Guldemann" defined multiple times with different content

[5] Moñino (2010). The position of Gbaya-Manza-Ngbaka group among the Niger-Congo languages. Archived from the original on 2014-01-08.

[6] Moñino (1988). Lexique comparatif des langues oubanguiennes. Paris: Geuthner.

[ChanNumeralsNC-7] Chan (2019). The Niger-Congo Language Phylum. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.

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