Asụsụ West Chadic

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Asụsụ West Chadic
language family
obere ụdị nkeChadic Dezie
Ndị isi na-asụ asụsụ Chadic na Naịjirịa
Ebe ndị na-asụ asụsụ Hausa na Naijiria na Niger
Nchịkọta nke Roger Blench (2020) nke West Chadic B

A na-asụ Asụsụ West Chadic nke ezinụlọ Afro-Asia karịsịa na Niger na Nigeria. Ha gụnyere Hausa, Asụsụ Chadic kachasị na asụsụ bụ isi nke West Africa.

Asụsụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Alaka nke West Chadic [1]-aga ma ọ bụ site na aha ma ọ bụ mkpụrụedemede na nọmba n'usoro nhazi.

Na mgbakwunye, a na-ekwu na Poki bụ West Chadic, mana enweghị data dị.

Ọdịdị dị n'ime[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[6][7] nke West Chadic nke George Starostin (2010) dị ka e gosipụtara na Blažek (2010):

  • Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Chadic
    • West Chadic A
    • West Chadic B
      • Bade-Ngizim
      • Bauchi
        • Ebe Ugwu Bauchi
        • Ndịda Bauchi

Nchịkọta nke Roger Blench (2021) nke West Chadic: [8]

  • Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Chadic
    • Hausa-Gwandara
    • Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Chadic
      • Ron
      • Bole-Tangale
      • Bade-Ngizim
      • Ebe Ugwu Bauchi
      • South Bauchi, A3 (Central-West)

Nbudata[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Nkesa nke alaka West Chadic: [9]

Alaka Koodu Ebe ndị bụ isi
Nhazi nke alaka West Chadic[9]
Hausa-Gwandara A1 Niger" id="mwAQc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Northern Nigeria">Ebe Ugwu Naịjirịa na Niger
Bole-Tangale A2 Darazo LGA, Bauchi State; Yobe, Taraba, Gombe, Borno steeti
Angas A3 Shendam na Mangu LGAs, Plateau StateSteeti Plateau
Ron A4 Mangu LGA, Plateau StateSteeti Plateau
Bade B1 Bade LGA, Borno SteetiSteeti Borno
Ndịda Bauchi B2 Darazo na Ningi LGAs, Bauchi StateÓgbè Bauchi
Ebe Ugwu Bauchi B3 Bauchi Steeti (Toro, Dass, Tafawa Balewa, Bauchi LGAs)

Akụkọ banyere mgbasa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Roger Blench (2022) na-atụ aro na asụsụ West Chadic nwere ike ịgbasa site na mgbasa ọrụ ugbo na Central Nigeria, malite site na 3,000-4,000 afọ gara aga. Blench [10]-ekwu na ọdịdị ọdịdị ọdịda anyanwụ nke West Chadic enweela mmetụta dị ukwuu site na asụsụ Plateau, ma eleghị anya n'ihi alụmdi na nwunye ogologo oge nke mere ka ndị West Chadic na-abata were ndị nwunye obodo na-asụ asụsụ Plateau.

Ihe owuwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọ bụ ezie na e bipụtara ọ dịghị nrụzigharị zuru oke nke West Chadic, Václav Blažek (2018) atụwo aro nrụzigharị nke nọmba maka West Chadic na obere ìgwè ya. [6]

Ọmụmụ ụdaolu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A na-ahụ ụdaume /kp/ na /gb/, nke a na-ahụkarị na Plateau na asụsụ Niger-Congo ndị ọzọ mana ọ bụghị ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'asụsụ Chadic, n'asụsụ Ron na ụfọdụ asụsụ West Chadic A3 na Bole-Tangale. A gbaziri ụdaume ndị a n'asụsụ Plateau n'ihi mkpakọrịta siri ike. Otú [10] dị, akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ụdaume nke asụsụ Plateau na Niger-Congo dị ka ATR na ụdaume nkwekọrịta adịghị n'asụsụ West Chadic.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ntụnyere nke ọnụọgụ n'asụsụ ọ bụla: [11]

Nchịkọta Asụsụ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A, A.1 Gwandara da bi úkù / úɡú (Nimbia dialect) huru / furu (Nimbia dialect) bìyàri / bìyàr (Nimbia dialect) ʃídà / ʃídə́ (Nimbia dialect) bákwè / boʔo (Nimbia dialect) tákùʃì / táɡə́r (Nimbia dialect) tárà / tãrã (Nimbia dialect) ɡóm̀ / ɡóŋ̀ / ɡwóm (Nim. olumba)
A, A.1 Ndị Hausa sheja bijú ʔúkù / ʔúkkù (West Hausa) fúɗú Muji ʃídà / ʃíddà (West Hausa) Bakwàiwu Tkwàs Tatar ɡóːmà
A, A.2, Bọl Bele móoɗì Bọl kúnú Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya Ịnọghachi bàccimooɗì Baawùló ɓóorùɗó (2 x 4) ɓòowùnò bìmbáɗí
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Karekare Ụmụ anụmanụ bèːlú N'ihi ya, ọ bụ fèːɗú bàːɗú bàcóːɗì (5 + 1) bàcíbèːlú (5 + 2) fífèːɗú (2 x 4) Aphàn Ike n'obi
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Bọl móoɗì bòláu Klọọvụ Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya bàɗì bàššimóoɗì Baawúló póorɗó (2 x 4) ɓòonùm bìmbáɗí
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Bure (Bubure) móɗé Maloo Klọsi Ọdịdị Baɗé Basumé b b bịlị (5+ 2) Skọwa (2 x 4) ɓárdzìmóɗé (10-1) barbaɗè
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Galambu Muuri m̀bàál kúun párya Boori bɪ́címɪ́n bùebe m̀bàl (5+ 2) hórró bàryà múuri (10-1) bar
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Gera móóyi mbùlú Klọsi fúɗú Ịnọghachi beeshím bìccìmbùlú (5+ 2) húrɗú ɓànìnjà / barija bàrɗí / barr
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Geruma m / m m̀bàalú / mbàalúŋ kúnú / kúnúŋ fúɗú / húɗúŋ Apụlị / bàalí Ọkụ na ụzụ bàzə̀mbalú (5+ 2) húrɗú / úrɗúŋ ɓár ga- ɓârarì / ɓárári
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Kholok (Widala) ɗók pèlòw bún Perog faàt / faàr ebe a na-anọ paàlìlàw bìrbìròw / пиrpíròw Kọmbọ ɓùmmò
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Kirfi (Giiwo) móoɗì mbàlú Klọsi Faɗáu buɗ bìccúuni bìcímbàlu (5+ 2) fórfáɗó (2 x 4) bàr ya na-eme ihe nkiri (10-1) pàtà
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Maaka mōɗì bòllu kūǹ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ya bà ebe a na-ahụ maka ihe N'ihi na ọ bụ na-eme ihe nkiri jìlai kwàlak bìmba
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Ngamo Mọla bòlò kúnû musik̀ɗò ụlọ bàʔàʃìmòɗi (5 + 1) Babìlò (5 + 2) Onye na-eto eto (2 x 4) Ebe a na-akpọ ɓònù bimbaɗ (2 x 5)?
A, A.2, Bọl, Bọl kwesịrị ekwesị Nyam Ọkụ ọkụ Felucc kúnúnun musik̀dúk Nwaanyị ọgwụ Fleluk (5 + 2) húrú ɡùk (2 x 4) láɡó mɔ̀dɔ́ (10-1)? Somumò (litː ' kumo ' = ntị)
A, A.2, Tangale, Dera Dera (Kanakuru) ɗuwey rap na-eme ka ọ dị paraw ụlọ site na bwelà ndị na-agba ọsọ wanɗumwe (10-1) ɡûm
A, A.2, Tangale, Tangale kwesịrị ekwesị Kupto (Kutto) Jaịlịa fáláw/ páláw kùnùŋ fàɗàw / pàɗàw Faat / páat Fayɗìn / páyɗìn Fayláw / Payláw Ọ na-adị n'ihu N'oge a, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ kómó
A, A.2, Tangale, Tangale kwesịrị ekwesị Kushi ɗòk Pọọsụ tàat Péeròw fwàt / fúwàt Ihe mere n'oge a na-adịghị anya fàrlów pedidị Foto ebe a na-akpọ kpèm
A, A.2, Tangale, Tangale kwesịrị ekwesị Kwaami Onye ndú Pọllów / Fọllów Klọọm póɗòw / fóɗòw páaɗí / ole na ole páyíndì / fáyíndì (5 + 1) pópíllów / fófíllów (5 + 2) Pówùrɗòw / fówùrɗów (2 x 4)? na-adaba kúmó
A, A.2, Tangale, Tangale kwesịrị ekwesị Ma (Pipero) ɗók bélòw ɡ͡bónòŋ béeɗòw puat / fwát Múndi na-acha anụnụ anụnụ pattrira bélòw bídow kómpòy / kómvòy kó / k͡púmmò
A, A.2, Tangale, Tangale kwesịrị ekwesị Piya Mkpụrụ pèelów Akụkọ ifo peɗòw fàat pàtìrà mùndí (5 + 1) pàtìrà pèelów (5 + 2) pèdìpɗów (2 x 4)??? Nkwupụta Sommó
A, A.2, Tangale, Tangale kwesịrị ekwesị Po Tangale (1) Ogbugbu rap kúnuŋ mba ọzọ Akpụkpọ ahụ pàndì ebe a na-aga pàpádà (2 x 4) ebe a na-akpọ ɡ͡bɔmɔ
A, A.2, Tangale, Tangale kwesịrị ekwesị Tangale (Sungom) (2) Ọkụ ngwa ngwa klọg Serɪ́ [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] mba ọzọ peelòu parpàɗá (2 x 4) lamɓɗà ɡ͡bɔ́mɔ́́́
A, A.3, Angas kwesịrị ekwesị, 1 Angas (Ngas) ɡàk BAP kwán fír Ọ dị mfe pimí (5 + 1) pòbáp (5 + 2) pòkwún (5 + 3) pòfar (5 + 4) sàr
A, A.3, Angas kwesịrị ekwesị, 1 Kofyar m vəl Klọb Fairy Paat ihe atụ (5 + 1) pòɡòvəl (5 + 2) pòɡòkun (5 + 3) pòɡòfár (5 + 4) sàr
A, A.3, Angas kwesịrị ekwesị, 1 Miship (Ụgbọ) (1) Kpatụ m vəl Kun feer ịsa ahụ Pemee (5+ 1) pokvəl (5+ 2) pokkun (5+ 3) pokfaar (5+ 4) Sar
A, A.3, Angas kwesịrị ekwesị, 1 Miship (Ụgbọ) (2) Mụ onwe m Vɨl Kun Farr Paat pemɛ (5+ 1) pɔ́ɡɔ́vɨl (5+ 2) pɔ́ɡɔ́kun (5+ 3) pɔ́ɡɔ́far (5+ 4) Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya
A, A.3, Angas kwesịrị ekwesị, 1 Cakfem-Mushere Ọ bụ ebe a na-enweta ihe vel Kun feer paat peemee (5+ 1) feermeekum (4+ 3)?? feertiit (4 x 2)?? paatmee (5+ 4) kakapaat (5 x 2)??
A, A.3, Angas kwesịrị ekwesị, 1 Mwaghavul (Mupun / Sura) N'ime ala vəl Klọb Fairy mba dị iche iche pedemè (5 + 1) Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ "Povern" (5 + 2) pòkún (5 + 3) pòféer (5 + 4) Kaapàt və́l (5 x 2)???
A, A.3, Angas kwesịrị ekwesị, 2 Goemai (Ankwe) mée, ɡə̀mée vəl Klọb N'oge ochie Mgbasa ozi:t phə̀mə́ (5 + 1) phə̀və́l (5 + 2) Crystal (5 + 3) phə̀fár (5 + 4) Sar
A, A.3, Angas kwesịrị ekwesị, 2 Dị ka [Mọv] [Vɨ́l] [Kunay] [Fii] [p.t] [Pɨ̀mɛ́] [mɛ́fɛ́́́́kúːn] [p. Fi] [mɛ́ːpàː] [sár]
A, A.4, Ron kwesịrị ekwesị Ron (Daffo) ɗaŋɡât Ọdịdị yuhún Puʔ n'oge gara aga Makoŋ Mkpụrụ osisi na-acha odo odo mafwaráʔ yeluam Ndị ọzọ
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Duwai Ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka ọ na-eme Ihe eji eme ihe ko N'oge a na-adịghị anya av'ɗ ə̀jdə̀ɡərma Sə̀və̀sə̀ri / tlə̀və̀ri ə̀jldàakò Ọ dịịrị ɡùumà
B, B.1, Bade kwesịrị ekwesị Bade ɡàɗi Diolọn kwan N'oge ochie Vaɗì Ebe ɡatkasà ɬədàakwà Ọnwaanyị ɡuumà
B, B.1, Bade kwesịrị ekwesị Ngizim Khamá (ịgụ), ɡàyí (enumat.) ʃírín kwán N'oge a na-adịghị anya Vaɗ N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-anọ ɡátkásà dandàfə́ɗú (2 x 4) kúɗkûvdà ɡúmà
B, B.2 Dira (Diri) numọ rɔp mɪyax kọntaktị na-eme ihe ike Nəmtəm Mukkə̀ ŋyɪniŋɡì jiezupsè (2 x 4)? vwanùm (10-1)? kwuɬ
B, B.2 Miya wútə̀ tsə́r Nwaanyị N'oge a na-adịghị anya Vaɬə màaha (5+1)? màtsə̀r (5+2) N'oge a na-adịghị anya (2 x 4) Udo na-eme Ihe ndị a na-akpọ
B, B.3 Dass (nke Dott) O nwere ike ịbụ onye Ruap maáɣí jieupsí námtám màamaɣ / muumáɣ wúsúrmàɣè wúsúpsì (2 x 4) nàturə́psi / nàtàrə́psi zùp
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Boghom Sọnwa ɓáap / pā́p / ɡbwàap Moi Onye na-egwu egwu ndàuní / ndóoní maak nyàŋɡí ɓóopsí ʔáamsóyìm (10 -1) ŋəmàs / uur
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mangas nim Apụl mween Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ Tuun maɣà Ịnọgide na-eme ihe ɡàamzi kúrúms zúp
B, B.3, Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Jimi nintóo Rwanda mwaikán / mwenkán ihyú namtáŋ / namtám Maakoo inkóo ɡuhyú (2 x 4) Khamníntoo / Khamníto (10 -1) ndəɓóo / ɗúbó
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Guruntum Ihe ndị e ji mara raap miyaŋ ooso kyuwun Mọn nyeene ɡèesau Saịra zùp
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Zangwal (Zangur) O nwere ike ịbụ onye kwáap ma ọ bụ Uwu námtàm màaɡa nyínìɡì ʔáasuʔáasù (2 x 4) áatə̀nə̀n arịrịọ
B, B.3, Zaar kwesịrị ekwesị Geji (Gyazi) (1) O nwere ike ịbụ onye lôp mechan na-ehi ụra nàmtan mukkà nitɡi jiesupsì (2 x 4)? topsi kuɬ
B, B.3, Zaar kwesịrị ekwesị Geji (Gezawa) (2) nɨ́m lôp Mèkən na-ehi ụra O nwere ike ịbụ onye Mukkə̀ nininɡi jiesupsì (2 x 4)? O nwere ike ịbụ onye kuɬ
B, B.3, Zaar kwesịrị ekwesị Polci (Palci) nɨ́m rǒp miyèn wupsɨ̀ O nwere ike ịbụ onye Ụgbọelu wusɨ̀rmìyen (4 + 3)? wɨsɨpsɨ̀ (2 x 4)? natoropsɨ̀ zup
B, B.3, Zaar kwesịrị ekwesị Saya nambəŋ mbə̀ɬíŋ Maajìi Upuz nândə́m Lîim wátsə̀maí tantan N'ihi ya, ọ bụ nwa zúp

Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

na-ege ntị dị iche iche ma dozie nsogbu dị iche iche na-emetụta mba ahụ. Ihe atụ ụfọdụ [12] Wazobia FM, ụlọ ọrụ redio na-agbasa ozi na Pidgin English, Wazobia TV, ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn na-agbasakwa ozi na Pidgina English

  1. ↑ Blench, Roger. 2006. The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List (ms)
  2. ↑ Blench (2019). Jakato: an undocumented language of Central Nigeria.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Blench, Roger. 2017. Current research on the A3 West Chadic languages.
  4. ↑ Blench, Roger. Comparative Ron wordlist.
  5. ↑ Blench, Roger. 2012. Linguistic and cultural background to the North Bauchi region and the Wiihə people.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Blažek, Václav. 2018. The numerals of West Chadic. Topics in Chadic Linguistics IX. Papers from the 8th Biennial International Colloquium on the Chadic Languages, Bayreuth, February 4–5, 2016.
  7. ↑ Starostin, George. 2010. Afroasiatic classification: preliminary results of the modified glottochronological test. Manuscript.
  8. ↑ Blench, Roger. 2021. The erosion of number marking in West Chadic Roger Blench. WOCAL, Leiden.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Blench (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages, 4th, Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "BlenchAtlas4" defined multiple times with different content
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Blench, Roger (2022). Contact between West Chadic and Plateau languages: new evidence languages: new evidence. 11–12 November 2022, presentation given at Universität Wien.
  11. ↑ Chan (2019). The Afro-Asiatic Language Phylum. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.
  12. ↑ Batra (1 March 2017). "Polygamous Postcolonialism and Transnational Critique in Tess Onwueme's The Reign of Wazobia". Meridians 15 (2): 330–352. DOI:10.2979/meridians.15.2.03. ISSN 1536-6936. 

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • The Yobe Languages Research Project site na onye nwụrụ anwụ Russell G. Schuh nke UCLA
  • West Chadic resources E debere Wayback Machine na africanlanguages.org
Ewepụtara na https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asụsụ_West_Chadic&oldid=151126